Microbiology

Question 1

What is a gram positive bacteria?

Answer 1

One membrane of thick peptidoglycan that is stained purple.

Question 2

What is a gram negative bacteria?

Answer 2

Two membranes- cannot get to the peptidoglycan to stain.

Question 3

What is an Endospore?

Answer 3

Develops inside a vegetative cell and is released. When heated it is activated and germinates when a certain nutrient returns.

Question 4

Fimbriae

Answer 4

Enable sticking to surfaces. Filamentous structures all around bacteria.

Question 5

Pili

Answer 5

Longer, one or 2 present. Genetic exchange and adhesion to host.

Question 6

Flagellum

Answer 6

For movement. Can be polar, tuft, or peritrichous.

Question 7

Nitrogen fixing bacteria equation

Answer 7

N2 + 8H+ + 8e- = 2NH3 + H2

Question 8

Psychrophile

Answer 8

Optimum below 15 C

Question 9

Psychotolerant

Answer 9

can grow at 0 C but optimum is 20-40 C

Question 10

Thermophile

Answer 10

Optimum is greater than 45 C

Question 11

Hyperthermophile

Answer 11

Optimum greater then 80 C

Question 12

Halophile

Answer 12

Require NaCl for growth

Question 13

Halotolerant

Answer 13

Can grow with NaCl but better without