Microbiology Flashcards
How does saliva protect us from bacteria
Washing effect
IgA
Peroxidade
Lactoferrin and lysozyme
How does the epethelium provide a phsyical barrier
Keratinocytes and langethans cells
What’s the inflimation fluid response
Vaisodilation
Increased permeability
Fluid plasma proteins released to help compliment
What do neutrophils do
Prevent bacteria entering gingival crevis and for a layer on the surface of plaque
The recognise and bind bacteria and engulf they expel reminants
The secrets antibacterial enzymes and dissolve the plaque
What do macrophages do
Develop from monocytes in the blood
Enervate to inflamed gingival tissue
Important for both inflimation and immunity
Few enter the gingival crevice
They phagocytose and the present antigens and secrete IL1
What characterises gingivitis
Increase in leukotriene B4
What characterises perio
Increase in prostaglandin E2
What’s the humoral response
B cells plasma cells and immunoglobulins
What’s the cellular response
T cells
Antibody production mechanisms
Swallowed bacteria cause antibody to be secreted in saliva
Antibodies made if antigens from mouth make it to the lymph nodes
What does defective neutrophil function cause
Causes not advance perio that progresses faster
Defects of PMN killing phagocytosis and chemotaxis
What does smoking do
Inhibits neutrophil function no chemotaxis or phagocytosis impaired oxidative bursts
What are mediators
Histamine (vaisodilation)
Bradykinin
Cytokines (transmit signals and coordinate inflammatory and immune response) interleukins 1 is a cytokines amplifying inflammatory response
Prosteoglandins (dilation and bone resorption)
Metallaprotinases connective tissue destruction made by fibroblasts
Virulence ?
Relative capacity of an organism to cause damage
Where at the gram types of bacteria located in plaque
Gram positive underneath the layer of gram negative
