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Opthalmology > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 organisms that cause bacterial conjunctivitis in neonates

A

Staph aureus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis

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2
Q

Name the 3 bacteria that can cause conjunctivitis in adults

A

Staph aureus, Strep pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae

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3
Q

Name the 3 organisms that can cause viral conjunctivitis

A

Adenovirus, Herpes simplex, Herpes zoster

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4
Q

What viruses can cause keratitis?

A

Herpes (herpetic keratitis) and adenovirus

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5
Q

Which organisms can give you keratitis if you have contact lenses?

A

Acanthamoeba and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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6
Q

Which organisms can cause orbital cellulitis?

A

Staphylococci
Streptococci
Haemophilus influenzae
Anaerobes

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7
Q

What’s the most common cause of Endophthalmitis?

A

Staph. epidermidis

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8
Q

How do you treat Endophthalmitis?

A

Intravitreal amikacin and vancomycin and topical anitibiotics

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9
Q

What can cause chorioretinitis?

A

Cytomegalovirus (AIDS)
Toxoplasma gondii
Toxocara canis

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10
Q

How would you diagnose conjunctivitis?

A

Swabs for culture

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11
Q

How would you diagnose bacterial keratitis?

A

Corneal scrape

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12
Q

How would you diagnose endophthalmitis?

A

Aqueous/vitreous culture

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13
Q

How would you diagnose acanthamoeba?

A

Microscopy/culture

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14
Q

How would you diagnose toxoplasmosis or toxocara?

A

Serology

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15
Q

What is the most commonly used topical antibiotic in opthalmology

A

Chloramphenicol

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16
Q

What are the side effects/contraindications for chloramphenicol

A

Allergy
Aplastic anaemia
Grey baby syndrome

17
Q

What does chloramphenicol work on?

A

Kills strep. and haemophilus

Stops staph. from growing

18
Q

What is aciclovir and what is it used for?

A

It is an antiviral drug (topical or systemic) that inhibits viral DNA synthesis.
It can be used for dendritic ulcers

19
Q

In which eye condition would you NOT used steroid drops?

A

Herpetic keratitis (causes corneal melt)

20
Q

What bacteria does chloramphenicol not treat?

A

Psuedomonas aeruginosa

21
Q

What bacteria is fusidic acid used for?

A

Staph. aureus

22
Q

What is topical genatmicin used for?

A

Most gram negative bacteria incl. coliforms and pseudomonas aeruginosa

23
Q

How would you treat chlamydial conjunctivitis?

A

Topical oxytetracycline

may need oral azithromycin if there is genital infection too

24
Q

What would you use to treat bacterial keratitis?

A

A 4-quinolone (ofloxacin)

or gentamicina and cefuroxime

Opthalmology (1 decks)

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