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*Unit 6 ER > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Lactose fermenters turn _____ on MacConkey agar

A

Pink

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2
Q

What are the only 2 lactose fermenting bacteria?

A
  1. Klebsiella pneumonia

2. E. coli

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3
Q

What are the 3 bacterial that cause HUS?

A
  1. Shigella
  2. E. coli
  3. campylobacter
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4
Q

This is a non-spore forming, gram (+) rod often transmitted by dairy products

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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5
Q

How does shigella invade the body?

A

fecal-oral, invades though M-cells

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6
Q

Aside from chlamydia, what Enterobacteriaceae can cause reactive arthritis?

A
  1. Shigella
  2. Salmonella
  3. Yersinia
  4. Campylobacter
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7
Q

What two Enterobacteriaceae can carry the “shiga toxin”?

A
  1. Shigella

2. E. coli

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8
Q

Shigella, Salmonella and Yersinia carry a type ___ secretion system

A

type III

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9
Q

How does Shigella cross from the invaded M cell to neighboring epithelial cells?

A

uses host M cell’s actin filaments for propulsion

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10
Q

What virulence factor is the trigger for HUS?

A

the SHIGA toxin

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11
Q

Which Enterobacteriaceae can cause neutrophiles in the stool?

A
  1. Shigella
  2. Salmonella
  3. Campylobacter
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12
Q

Use antibiotics for infection with (shigella/E coli)

A

Shigella only, Abx with E. coli can precipitate HUS

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13
Q

Which turns black on Hektoen agar? why? (E. coli/ Salmonella/Shigella/Yersinia)

A

salmonella, is H2S positive

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14
Q

What is the Infectious dose for salmonella? Shigella?

A

Salmonella, 100,000, is acid labile

shigella, 100, is acid stable

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15
Q

Which invade macrophages? (E. coli/ Salmonella/Shigella/Yersinia)

A

salmonella

to some extent shigella

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16
Q

Which is acid-labile? Acid stable? (shigella/salmonella)

A

Shigella is acid stable: survives stomach acid

Salmonella is acid labile: stomach acid kills, need a high infectious dose

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17
Q

What causes typhoid fever?

A

Salmonella typhi

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18
Q

What organ does Salmonella form a chronic carriage?

A

the Gallbladder

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19
Q

Heterozygosity for the _______ allele confers protection against typhoid fever

A

CTFR, cystic fibrosis

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20
Q

Rose spots appear on the stomach with (E. coli/ Salmonella/Shigella/Yersinia)

A

salmonella

rose spotted bib

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21
Q

Salmonella + Sickle cell anemia –> _________

A

Osteomyelitis

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22
Q

Which causes “false appendicitis”? (E. coli/ Salmonella/Shigella/Yersinia)

A

Yersinia enterocolitica, painful swollen lymph node

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23
Q

How can you identify listeria under the microscope?

A

‘Tumbling Motility’ is characteristic

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24
Q

Why might pregnant women be advised to avoid soft cheeses?

A

Risk of Listeria infection

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25
How do you treat a listeria infection?
Ampicillin (can add gentamicin for week 1)
26
Which enteric agent makes 'actin rockets' to propel through multiple cells?
Listeria | Shigella uses IcsA to polymerize actin filaments for propulsion as well
27
What enteric agent can escape the GI and proliferate in the placenta and attack the fetus?
Listeria
28
Vaginal transmission of Listeria during birth can cause ________
neonatal meningitis
29
Which has LPS? (gram +/ gram -) bacteria
Gram (-)
30
Is listeria gram + or - ?
Gram +, purple
31
What should you put in the IV of someone with severe cholera infection?
Lactated ringer solution
32
Which causes rice water diarrhea? what about the others? (V. cholera/ V. parahaemolyticus/ V. vulnificus)
Severe rice water diarrhea: V. cholera Various diarrhea: V. parahaemolyticus Rarely known for diarrhea: V. vulnificus
33
which is known for shellfish contaminated wounds? (V. cholera/ V. parahaemolyticus/ V. vulnificus)
shellfish wounds: V. vulnificus
34
At what temp does campylobacter grow? what is a chicken's body temperature?
campy grows at 42C, same as a chicken
35
what lab breath test can be done for Helicobacter pylori?
urea breath test, H. pylori is urease (+)
36
What bacteria species is ass. with eating undercooked seafood? how do you expect it to gram stain?
V. cholera and V. parahaemolyticus are gram - rods
37
what is the leading cause of severe diarrhea in infants and children?
rotavirus
38
How long the diarrhea last with rotovirus? norovirus?
rotavirus: 5 days | norovirus 2 days
39
What are the 3 presentations of Coxsackie A virus?
1. herpangina 2. hand and mouth 3. acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
40
What is the presentation of Coxsackie B virus?
1. Dilated cardiomyopathy | 2. pleurodynia
41
What is the cause of "beaver fever"
giardia, infects mammals
42
What are the symptoms of giardia infection?
flatus, weight loss, diarrhea greasy stool w/ odor, floating stool
43
What is the most likely outcome of a giardia infection? What is the Rx?
clearance in 60% of cases | Rx: tinidazole, like metronidazole
44
Contaminate water supply from cow/calf run-off, causes diarhea 10-14 days then resolves, can be sever in AIDS/immunocompromised
Crytosporidium parvum
45
How do you prevent Crytosporidium parvum? How do you treat it?
Prevent by water filtration | Treat by Nitazoxanide (or spiramycin)
46
Which parasite penetrates the mucosa of the colon and can make hepatic and renal cysts?
Entamoeba histolytica
47
What is the treatment for Entamoeba histolytica?
Metronidazol (paramycin and iodoquinol to eliminate cysts)
48
From what meat can you get: taenia solium taenia saginata diphyllobothrium latum
taenia solium: pork taenia saginata: beef diphyllobothrium latum: fish
49
Which can cause brain and muscle lesions: taenia solium taenia saginata diphyllobothrium latum
taenia solium: pork
50
Which can cause B12 deficiency and pernicious anemia taenia solium taenia saginata diphyllobothrium latum
diphyllobothrium latum: fish
51
What are the S+S of Ascaris lumbricoides?
pulmonary symptoms, eosinophilic pneumonia, intestinal obstruction
52
Which can cause perianal pruritus? (Ascaris lumbricoides/ Strongyloides stercoralis/ Enterobius vermicularis)
Enterobius vermicularis
53
Which can be Dx with adhesive tape? (Ascaris lumbricoides/ Strongyloides stercoralis/ Enterobius vermicularis)
Enterobius vermicularis
54
Which can cause fluctuating eosinophilia with maculopapular rash on the buttock, perineum and thighs (Ascaris lumbricoides/ Strongyloides stercoralis/ Enterobius vermicularis)
Strongyloides stercoralis
55
Which is also called "pin worm" | (Ascaris lumbricoides/ Strongyloides stercoralis/ Enterobius vermicularis)
Enterobius vermicularis
56
Nemetodes, Tremetodes and Cestodes are all ________
helminths
57
Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis, Enterobius vermicularis are all (Cestodes/ Nematodes/ Tremetodes)
Nematodes
58
T. solium T. saginata and D. Latum are all (Cestodes/ Nematodes/ Tremetodes)
Cestodes
59
What family of virus is hep C? RNA or DNA?
flavi virus, RNA genome
60
What is the MC cause of erysipelas?
S. pyogenes

*Unit 6 ER (3 decks)

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