Microbiology

Question 1

The stool exam revealed characteristic lemon shaped eggs, what is the organism?

Answer 1

Trichuris trichiura

Question 2

Treatment for Trichuris trichiura

Answer 2

Mebendazole 500 mg once

or Albendazole 400 mg daily for 3 doses

Question 3

The gravid female worms of this species migrate nocturnally to the perianal area to deposit its eggs producing nocturnal perianal pruritis.

Answer 3

Enterobius vermicularis

Question 4

Diagnostic technique for Enterobius vermicularis

Answer 4

Scotch Tape or Clear Tape revealing ova which are oval shaped and flattened on one side.

Question 5

Treatment for Enterobius vermicularis

Answer 5

Mebendazole 100 mg once
or Albendazole 400 mg once

Also treat family members

Question 6

Capillaria philippinensis is obtained by eating _____

Answer 6

Raw or Undercooked Fish

Question 7

Stool exam revealed characteristic peanut shaped ova (non protruding bipolar plugs)

Answer 7

Capillaria philippinensis

Question 8

This parasite can cause rectal prolapse especially in heavy infection of children.

Answer 8

Trichuris trichiura

Question 9

Trichinella spiralis is obtained by ______

Answer 9

Undercooked meat (usually pork)

Question 10

Most commonly involved muscles affected by Trichinella spiralis

Answer 10

Extra ocular muscles, biceps, muscles of the jaw, neck lower back, and diaphragm

Question 11

Most common organism associated with visceral larval migrans

Answer 11

Toxocaria canis

Question 12

Cutaneous larva migrans (“creeping eruption”) is most commonly due to ________

Answer 12

Ancylostoma braziliense (dog and cat hookworm)
Symptoms can be alleviated by Ivermectin or Albendazole

Question 13

What is the most common cause of human eosinophilic meningitis?

Answer 13

Angiostrongylus cantonensis (rat lungworm)

Question 14

How does Giardia lamblia reproduce?

Answer 14

Binary Fission

Question 15

Cysts are oval and characteristically contain four nuclei.

Trophozoite are pear shaped, dorsally convex, flattened parasites with two nuclei no four pairs of flagella

Answer 15

Giardia lamblia

Question 16

This parasite comply causes diarrhea in immunocompromised patients.

Answer 16

Cryptosporidium hominis

amd Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 17

What is the etiologic agent of Chaga’s Disease?

Answer 17

Trypanosoma cruzi

Question 18

What is the vector for Chaga’s Disease?

Answer 18

Reduviid Bugs (Hematophagus Triatomine Inescts, such as Kissing Bugs) 
Note infection occurs when feces of infected insect comes in contact with breaks in skin or conjunctivea

Question 19

Most common organ affected in Chaga’s Disease

Answer 19

The Heart

Question 20

What is this sign and disease associated with it?

Painless unilateral edema of the palpebrea and perioccular tissues.

Answer 20

Romaña’s Sign

It occurs when the conjunctiva is the site of entry of Trypanosomia cruzi as seen in Chaga’s Disease

Question 21

What is the most common cause of death in Chaga’s Disease?

Answer 21

Heart Failure

Question 22

What is the vector for African Sleeping Sickness (Afriacan Trypanosomiasis)?

Answer 22

Tsetse Fly

Question 23

Enlargement of the posterior cervical lymph nodes seen in African Sleeping Sickness

Answer 23

Winterbottom Sign

Question 24

What is the vector of leishmaniasis?

Answer 24

Sandflies of the genus Phlebotmus

Question 25

What is the most important feature of visceral leishmaniasis?

Answer 25

Splenomegaly