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Microbiology > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

3 domains

A

Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

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1
Q

7 types of microorganism

A 
Bacteria
Fungus
Protozoa
Microscopic algae
Viruses
Archaea
Multicellular parasites
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2
Q

Bacteria wall contain…

A

Peptidoglycon

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3
Q

Spontaneous generation

A

Arise from non living matter

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5
Q

Biogenesis

A

Arise from pre existing life

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5
Q

Saw animalcules

A

Leeuwenhoek

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6
Q

Finally disproved spontaneous generation

A

Pasteur

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7
Q

Stated that disease may be caused by microorganism

A

Germ theory of disease

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8
Q

Process the heats liquid just enough to kill most bacteria

A

Pasteurization

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9
Q

Used carbolic acid post op

A

Lister

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10
Q

Advocated hand washing

A

Semmelweis

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11
Q

Established a sequence of experimental steps to prove a specific organism causes a specific disease

A

Koch

Kochs postulates

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12
Q

Found cure for syphilis

A

Ehrlich

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13
Q

Discovered first ABX

A

Fleming

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14
Q

Study of bacteria

A

Bacteriology

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15
Q

Study of fungus

A

Mycology

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16
Q

Study of Protozoa and parasites

A

Parasitology

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17
Q

Study of immunity

A

Immunology

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18
Q

Study of virus

A

Virology

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19
Q

4 benefits of microorganisms

A

Microbial ecology
Biological insecticides
Bioremediation
Biotechnology

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20
Q

Complex aggregation of microbes.

A

Biofilm

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21
Q

EID

A

Emerging infectious diseases

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22
Q

A disease causing microorganism is called

A

Pathogen

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23
Q

Developed the formal system of classifying and naming organisms

A

Linnaeus

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24
Q

2 names given to organisms

A

Genus capitalized and italicized

Species italicized

25
Q

Object appears dark against a light background

A

Brightfield

26
Q

Object appears light against a dark background

A

Darkfield

27
Q

Detailed view of internal structures

A

Phase contrast microscope

28
Q

UV light used

A

Fluorescent

29
Q

Electrons used instead of light

A

Electron microscope

30
Q

3 categories of stains

A

Simple
Differential
Special

31
Q

3 basic shapes of bacteria

A

Bacillus
Coccus
Spiral

32
Q

Function of the capsule (glycocalyx) is to

A

Prevent phagocytosis

33
Q

Used for movement

A

Flagella

34
Q

Hairlike appendages

A

Fimbriae- attachment

Pili- transfer DNA

35
Q

Maintains the shape of the wall

A

Cell wall

36
Q

Allows movement of molecules in and out of the cell

A

Plasma membrane

37
Q

Where the chemical reactions occur within the cell

A

Cytoplasm

38
Q

Used for storage

A

Inclusions

39
Q

Contains the bacterial DNA

A

Nucleoid

40
Q

Resting state for some bacteria

A

Endospores

41
Q

Pieces of DNA that are independent

A

Plasmids

42
Q

Nucleoid

A

Not all bacteria have them
Not required for cell to survive
Replicates independently of the chromosomal DNA
Can be transferred

43
Q

Cell wall is made of

A

Peptidoglycan

44
Q

5 requirements for bacterial growth

A 
Chemical
Temperature
PH
Osmotic pressure
Atmosphere
45
Q

Refers to bacteria that will grow in presence of oxygen

A

Obligate aerobe

46
Q

Refers to bacteria that will NOT grow in oxygen

A

Obligate anaerobe

47
Q

Refers to bacteria that will grow in presence or absence of oxygen

A

Facultative

48
Q

Refers to bacteria that require high amounts of CO2 too grow

A

Capneic

49
Q

Refers to bacteria that will grow in LOW levels of oxygen

A

Microaerophilic

50
Q

4 stages of bacterial growth curve

A

Lag
Log
Stationary
Death

51
Q

Phase of little activity, plentiful nutrients and little waste

A

Lag

52
Q

Phase where cellular reproduction is most active

A

LOG

53
Q

Phase of equilibrium where living cell equal number of dying cells

A

Stationary

54
Q

Phase where dying cells outnumber living cells

A

Death phase

55
Q

Definition: culture media

A

Nutrients prepared for microbial growth

56
Q

1st vaccination

A

Smallpox- Jenner

57
Q

Micro organisms on our body that do no harm

A

Normal microbiota (flora)

58
Q

Correct order of reagents in Gram Stain

A

Crystal Violet
Iodine
Decolorizer
Safranin

59
Q

Gram + bacteria: gram stain

A

Crystal Violet: purple
Iodine: purple
Decolorizer: purple
Safranin: purple

60
Q

Gram - bacteria: gram stain

A

Crystal Violet: purple
Iodine: purple
Decolorizer: colorless
Safranin: red

Microbiology (2 decks)

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