Microbiology Flashcards
What is the culture media for E . histolytica ? name isoenzyme test
Dr. Bohlov Medium and nutrient agar with E coli
Zymodyme test
Culture media for T. vaginalis
CPLM agar ( cysteine peptone liver maltose)
PEM ( plastic envelope media)
vector, infective stage C/Fs and Rx of different sleeping sickness
American(cruzi) =reduid bug , metacyclic trypomastigote , chagas disease and romana sign
Nifortimox
african(bruzei) = tse tse fly ,MT ,winter bottom sign and VSG
Suramin
mcc of refractory diarrhoea in PL HIV and Rx
C . parvum
Rx- Nitazoxanide + Iv fluids
for other 2 - TMPSMX
malaria type with longest IP
Type of dot in it
special feature
P. malariae
zeimann dot
a/w- nephrotic syndrome
pbs = band form seen
how is H nana egg different from that of Taenia
1)Non bile stained
2) floats in NS
3) has yolk granules and Polar filaments(helps differentiate from H dimunita)
Dx , free living and infective stages of D latum. which other organism cause the pathology that we see with it ?
Dx stage - operculated egg in human stool —>coracodium in water—>procercoid larvae in cyclops—>plerocercoid larvae in fish = infective to human on consumption
C/F - megaloblastic anemia also seen with giardia
Imaging finding of S. mansoni infection
periportal hepatic fibrosis leading to symmers pipe stem/claypipe stem fibrosis which causes portal HTN
parasite with MoT of skin penetration and clinical presentation of it
1)schistosoma - bifid tail cercariae-swimmer’s itch/cercariael dermatitis
2) ancylostoma- filariform larvae- ground itch/ancylostoma dermatitis
3)strongyloides- filariform larvae - urticaria and larva currens
4)entrobius - retrograde infection by egg hatched on perianal skin - pruritis ani
hookworm egg and when it is a public health concern
+non bile stained and floats in ns
+embryo has four blastomeres
+considered a public health concerned when chandler’s index is more than 300
special features of strongyloides
+concentration of larva by bearmann technique and culture of larvae in scarcity by charcoal culture known as hardomori culture
+perianal penetration by larvae leads to auto infection
+HIV patients have disseminated strongyloidosis and most common cause of death is septicemia
+shows parthenogenecity and female are ovo viviparous
+treatment is Ivermectin
parasite which is mcc of myocarditis
due to trichinella spiralis leading to easoniphilic myocarditis and not due to larval invasion
ent. vermicularis common name, MoT and C/Fs
1) pinworm , seatworm
2)a)feco oral- ingestion of egg
b)auto infection - anal scratching egg in nail = food contamination
c)retro infection - egg hatches on and penetrates peri anal skin
3) pruritis ani and appendicitis
egg of ent. vermicularis
+non bile stained
+ floats in NS
+planoconvex with tadpole like larvae inside it.
+demonstration by -
a) NIH swab
b) scotch tape test
trichuris trichura common name ,C/Fs
+whipworm - ant end thin and embedded into intestine and post end is coiled(male) or arched(female)
+children- rectal prolapse= coconut cake rectum
+adult - d/t blood leaking in stool = whipworm dysentery and IDA( not due to blood ingestion as seen in hookworm)
egg of trichuris(whipworm)
+bile stained
+floats in NS
+ barrel shaped with mucous plugs on both ends
+ undergoes embryonation in soil and only then becomes infective
vector ,sheath and Doc of tissue nematodes
1) wuchereria -culex- sheathed with no nuclei at tip-DEC
2) brugiya - mansonia - sheathed with 2 nuclei at tip-DEC
3)loa loa(african eye worm)- deer/mango/crychops fly- sheathed and full of nuclei-DEC
4)onchocerca(african river blindness) - simuliam/black fly - unsheathed with no nuclei at tip-Ivermectin
5)dranculculas - cyclops-metronidazole
peculiar feature of each type of meningitis
time period to call chronic
Fungal- ⬆️⬆️⬆️ opening pressure
bacterial- ⬇️⬇️⬇️glucose and PMNL
Viral- aseptic since all parameters except cell counts almost normal
tubercular- cob web coagulum with max ⬇️⬇️⬇️ in chloride
+>4 weeks = chronic
ideal amount of csf specimen and order of collection how to keep and why
special type of staining
+5-10 ml
+ since h’hagic tap will effect cell count but not glucose or protein levels,1st is biochem and last is patho sample
+all can be refrigerated except the tube to be cultured since freeze sensitive
+since very minimal sample- heaped up method to ⬆️ concentration of bacteria without making smear
ideal amount of csf specimen and order of collection how to keep and why
special type of staining
+5-10 ml
+ since h’hagic tap will effect cell count but not glucose or protein levels,1st is biochem and last is patho sample
+all can be refrigerated except the tube to be cultured since freeze sensitive
+since very minimal sample- heaped up method to ⬆️ concentration of bacteria without making smear
1)DDx watery diarrhoea with vomiting and fever?(5)
2)Bloody diarrhoea with fever but without vomiting (3 and 1)
1) +mcc children = Rotavirus
+ Norwalk virus
+V Parahemolyticus
+S tyPhi
+ ePec
2) based on pus cells:
A] +nt = C jejuni , shigella , Cl difficile
B] -nt = Y enterocolitica
Pathogen a/w oyster , seafood and dairy poisoning
1) oyster - vibrio and Calcivirus
2)Seafood - “ and aStrovirus
3) Dairy- C jejuni , salmonella , S aureus
causative agent of pneumonia if H/O
travel to southeast Asia , southwestern usa,bird dropping exposure or rabbit
i) SE asia - Burkholderia pseudomallei
ii)SW Usa - a)Coccidiodes imitis
b) Hantavirus
iii) bird dropping - C. psittaci (parrot fever)
iv) rabbit - francisella tularensis(rabbit fever)
different endocarditis mcc
i)overall - S aureus
+NATIVE VALVE
i) Acute - S aureus
ii)subacute-S viridans
iii) ivdu - a)right side- S aureus
b)left side- Enterococcus
+PROSTHETIC VALVE
i)early(<1yr)- S. epidermidis(also overall for prosthetic valves)
ii)late(>1yr)-S. viridans
+MYCOTIC endocarditis= Aspergillus
