Microbiology

Question 1

Who gave the theory of blood grouping?

When?

Answer 1

Karl landsteiner

In 1900

Question 2

Who discovered rhesus factor?

Answer 2

Karl landsteiner

Question 3

Who discovered the first antibiotic “penicillin” ?

When?

Answer 3

Alexander Fleming

In 1928

Question 4

Who discovered the transmission of malarial parasite by female anopheles mosquito.?

Answer 4

Ronald Ross

Question 5

Who introduced different techniques of sterilization and developed stream sterilization?

Answer 5

Louis Pasteur

Question 6

Who invented pasteurization of milk and urine?

Answer 6

Louis Pasteur

Question 7

Who coined the term “vaccine”?

Answer 7

Louis Pasteur

Question 8

Who discovered anthrax vaccine in 1881 and developed anti-rabies vaccine?

Answer 8

Louis Pasteur

Question 9

Who first introduced solid media?

Answer 9

Robert Koch

Question 10

Who introduced straining technique and methods of obtaining bacteria in pure cultures using solid media?

Answer 10

Robert Koch

Question 11

Who is the first person to do hanging drop operation?

Answer 11

Robert Koch

Question 12

Who discovered TUBERCLE BACILLUS and VIBRIO CHOLERA ?

Answer 12

Robert Koch

Question 13

Who proposed “KOCH POSTULATES” ?

Answer 13

Robert Koch

Question 14

Who is “Father Of Microbiology” ?

Answer 14

Robert Koch

Question 15

Who gave the term “ANIMALCULES” to microorganism?

Answer 15

LEEWENHOCK

Question 16

Who described LEPROSY BACILLUS?

Answer 16

Hansen

Question 17

What is hansen’s disease?

Answer 17

Leprosy

Question 18

Who described the Gonoccus?

Answer 18

NIESSER

Question 19

Who discovered the STAPHYLOCOCCUS?

Answer 19

OGSTON

Question 20

Who isolated the DIPTHERIAE BACCILUS?

Answer 20

LOEFFLER

Question 21

Who discovered the spirochaete of syphilis?

Answer 21

Schauddin and Hoffman

Question 22

Who discovered lytic phenomenon in bacterial cultures?

Answer 22

Twort and D’herelle

Question 23

Who coined the term ‘ virus’?

Answer 23

Beijerinck

Question 24

What was the first human disease proved to have a viral etiology?

Answer 24

Yellow fever

Question 25

The possibility that virus infection could lead to malignancy was first put forth by ___________.

Answer 25

Ellerman and Bang

Question 26

A specific humoral factor or "antibody" was described by _______

Answer 26

Von Behring and Kitasato

Question 27

Who discovered the phenomenon of phagocytosis?

Answer 27

Metchin Koff

Question 28

Type of staining where cell is killed during the staining ?

Answer 28

Supravital staining

Question 29

Type of staining where the cell is live after staining?

Answer 29

Vital staining

Question 30

________discovered Acid-fast staining and modified by ___________?

Answer 30

EHRLICH discovered acid fast staining and modified by ZIEHL and NEELSON.

Question 31

Voluntin granules (metachromatic granules) are also called as ?

Answer 31

Babes - Ernst granules

Question 32

In pnemococci , capsule swelling of quelling reaction was first described by

Answer 32

Neufeld

Question 33

The interval of time between two cell divisions or the time required for a bacterium to give rise to two daughter cells Uber optimum conditions, is known as

Answer 33

Generation time or population doubling time 20 mins

Question 34

Microorganisms that thrive in the presence of high concentrations of carbon dioxide are called as

Answer 34

Capnophiles

Question 35

The lowest temperature that kills a bacterium under standard conditions in a given time is known as

Answer 35

Thermal Death Point

Question 36

Osmotic effect where, exposure to hypertonic solutions may cause osmosia withdrawal of water and shrinkage of protoplasmis called as

Answer 36

Plasmolysis

Question 37

Osmotic effect where, sudden transfer of a bacteria from a concentrated solution to a distilled solution causes inbibition leading to swelling and rupture of cell is called as

Answer 37

Plasmoptysis

Question 38

Which plasmid factor is of great medical importance as it is responsible for the spread of multi-drug resistance among bacteria?

Answer 38

Resistance transfer factor ( RTF )

Question 39

Which type of blotting is used in identifying DNA fragments?

Answer 39

Southern blotting

Question 40

Which type of blotting is used in identification of RNA?

Answer 40

Northern blotting

Question 41

Which type of blotting is used in identificatin of proteins (antigens)

Answer 41

Immunoblotting / western blotting

Question 42

What is the type of infections or sepsis which is at localized site such as appendix ,becomes generalized?

Answer 42

focal infection

Question 43

Types of cross infection occurring in the hospital

Answer 43

Nosocomial infection

Question 44

Physician induced infections are called as?

Answer 44

Iatrogenic infection

Question 45

Infections without any characteristic clinical manifestation are called as

Answer 45

Atypical infection

Question 46

A person who harbor the pathogen but has never suffered fron the disease is called as

Answer 46

Healthy carrier

Question 47

A person who has recovered from the disease and continued to harbour the pathogen in his body is called as

Answer 47

Convalescent carrier

Question 48

A person who acquires the pathogen from a patient is called as

Answer 48

Contact carrier

Question 49

A carrier who acquired the pathogen from another carrier is called as

Answer 49

Paradoxical carrier

Question 50

Enhancement of virulence is called as

Answer 50

Exaltation

Question 51

Reduction of virulence is called as

Answer 51

Attenuation

Question 52

The smallest unit of antigenicity is known as the

Answer 52

Antigenic determinant Or Epitope

Question 53

The combining area on the antibody molecule corresponding to the epitope is called as the

Answer 53

Paratope

Question 54

Which is the simplest type of precipitation test

Answer 54

Ring test

Question 55

Which is the first blood test for syphilis

Answer 55

Wassermann test

Question 56

Wassermann test is named after which bacteriologist?

Answer 56

August Paul Von Wasserman

Question 57

Lymphocytes which lack the features of either t cells or b cells are known as

Answer 57

Null cells Or Large granular lymphocytes ( LGL )

Question 58

Antibodies that are produced by a single cone and directed against a single antigen determinant are called as

Answer 58

Monoclonal antibodies

Question 59

What does bacillus cereus cause?

Answer 59

Food poisoning

Question 60

Which organism is involved in gas gangrene?

Answer 60

Cl. Perfringens (cl. Welchii)

Question 61

Which exotoxin is responsible for Tetanus?

Answer 61

Tetenospasmin

Question 62

Eberth -Gaffky bacillus is?

Answer 62

Salmonella typhi Or Eberthella Typhi

Question 63

BCG vaccine waa developed by?

Answer 63

Calmette - Guerin

Question 64

Which is the most commonly isolated organism from root canals and dental infections?

Answer 64

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 65

Which is the first organism to invade the oral cavity after birth?

Answer 65

Streptococcus salivarius

Question 66

Which identification test is done for scarlet fever?

Answer 66

Dick test

Question 67

Which identification test is done for tuberculosis ?

Answer 67

Montoux test

Question 68

Which identification test is done for RH antigen of fetus?

Answer 68

Coombs test