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Dental Pulse Volume 1 > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Who gave the theory of blood grouping?

When?

A

Karl landsteiner

In 1900

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2
Q

Who discovered rhesus factor?

A

Karl landsteiner

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3
Q

Who discovered the first antibiotic “penicillin” ?

When?

A

Alexander Fleming

In 1928

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4
Q

Who discovered the transmission of malarial parasite by female anopheles mosquito.?

A

Ronald Ross

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5
Q

Who introduced different techniques of sterilization and developed stream sterilization?

A

Louis Pasteur

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6
Q

Who invented pasteurization of milk and urine?

A

Louis Pasteur

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7
Q

Who coined the term “vaccine”?

A

Louis Pasteur

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8
Q

Who discovered anthrax vaccine in 1881 and developed anti-rabies vaccine?

A

Louis Pasteur

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9
Q

Who first introduced solid media?

A

Robert Koch

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10
Q

Who introduced straining technique and methods of obtaining bacteria in pure cultures using solid media?

A

Robert Koch

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11
Q

Who is the first person to do hanging drop operation?

A

Robert Koch

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12
Q

Who discovered TUBERCLE BACILLUS and VIBRIO CHOLERA ?

A

Robert Koch

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13
Q

Who proposed “KOCH POSTULATES” ?

A

Robert Koch

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14
Q

Who is “Father Of Microbiology” ?

A

Robert Koch

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15
Q

Who gave the term “ANIMALCULES” to microorganism?

A

LEEWENHOCK

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16
Q

Who described LEPROSY BACILLUS?

A

Hansen

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17
Q

What is hansen’s disease?

A

Leprosy

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18
Q

Who described the Gonoccus?

A

NIESSER

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19
Q

Who discovered the STAPHYLOCOCCUS?

A

OGSTON

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20
Q

Who isolated the DIPTHERIAE BACCILUS?

A

LOEFFLER

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21
Q

Who discovered the spirochaete of syphilis?

A

Schauddin and Hoffman

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22
Q

Who discovered lytic phenomenon in bacterial cultures?

A

Twort and D’herelle

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23
Q

Who coined the term ‘ virus’?

A

Beijerinck

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24
Q

What was the first human disease proved to have a viral etiology?

A

Yellow fever

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25
Q

The possibility that virus infection could lead to malignancy was first put forth by ___________.

A

Ellerman and Bang

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26
Q

A specific humoral factor or “antibody” was described by _______

A

Von Behring and Kitasato

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27
Q

Who discovered the phenomenon of phagocytosis?

A

Metchin Koff

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28
Q

Type of staining where cell is killed during the staining ?

A

Supravital staining

29
Q

Type of staining where the cell is live after staining?

A

Vital staining

30
Q

________discovered Acid-fast staining and modified by ___________?

A

EHRLICH discovered acid fast staining and modified by ZIEHL and NEELSON.

31
Q

Voluntin granules (metachromatic granules) are also called as ?

A

Babes - Ernst granules

32
Q

In pnemococci , capsule swelling of quelling reaction was first described by

A

Neufeld

33
Q

The interval of time between two cell divisions or the time required for a bacterium to give rise to two daughter cells Uber optimum conditions, is known as

A

Generation time or population doubling time

20 mins

34
Q

Microorganisms that thrive in the presence of high concentrations of carbon dioxide are called as

A

Capnophiles

35
Q

The lowest temperature that kills a bacterium under standard conditions in a given time is known as

A

Thermal Death Point

36
Q

Osmotic effect where, exposure to hypertonic solutions may cause osmosia withdrawal of water and shrinkage of protoplasmis called as

A

Plasmolysis

37
Q

Osmotic effect where, sudden transfer of a bacteria from a concentrated solution to a distilled solution causes inbibition leading to swelling and rupture of cell is called as

A

Plasmoptysis

38
Q

Which plasmid factor is of great medical importance as it is responsible for the spread of multi-drug resistance among bacteria?

A

Resistance transfer factor ( RTF )

39
Q

Which type of blotting is used in identifying DNA fragments?

A

Southern blotting

40
Q

Which type of blotting is used in identification of RNA?

A

Northern blotting

41
Q

Which type of blotting is used in identificatin of proteins (antigens)

A

Immunoblotting / western blotting

42
Q

What is the type of infections or sepsis which is at localized site such as appendix ,becomes generalized?

A

focal infection

43
Q

Types of cross infection occurring in the hospital

A

Nosocomial infection

44
Q

Physician induced infections are called as?

A

Iatrogenic infection

45
Q

Infections without any characteristic clinical manifestation are called as

A

Atypical infection

46
Q

A person who harbor the pathogen but has never suffered fron the disease is called as

A

Healthy carrier

47
Q

A person who has recovered from the disease and continued to harbour the pathogen in his body is called as

A

Convalescent carrier

48
Q

A person who acquires the pathogen from a patient is called as

A

Contact carrier

49
Q

A carrier who acquired the pathogen from another carrier is called as

A

Paradoxical carrier

50
Q

Enhancement of virulence is called as

A

Exaltation

51
Q

Reduction of virulence is called as

A

Attenuation

52
Q

The smallest unit of antigenicity is known as the

A

Antigenic determinant

Or

Epitope

53
Q

The combining area on the antibody molecule corresponding to the epitope is called as the

A

Paratope

54
Q

Which is the simplest type of precipitation test

A

Ring test

55
Q

Which is the first blood test for syphilis

A

Wassermann test

56
Q

Wassermann test is named after which bacteriologist?

A

August Paul Von Wasserman

57
Q

Lymphocytes which lack the features of either t cells or b cells are known as

A

Null cells

Or

Large granular lymphocytes ( LGL )

58
Q

Antibodies that are produced by a single cone and directed against a single antigen determinant are called as

A

Monoclonal antibodies

59
Q

What does bacillus cereus cause?

A

Food poisoning

60
Q

Which organism is involved in gas gangrene?

A

Cl. Perfringens (cl. Welchii)

61
Q

Which exotoxin is responsible for Tetanus?

A

Tetenospasmin

62
Q

Eberth -Gaffky bacillus is?

A

Salmonella typhi
Or
Eberthella Typhi

63
Q

BCG vaccine waa developed by?

A

Calmette - Guerin

64
Q

Which is the most commonly isolated organism from root canals and dental infections?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

65
Q

Which is the first organism to invade the oral cavity after birth?

A

Streptococcus salivarius

66
Q

Which identification test is done for scarlet fever?

A

Dick test

67
Q

Which identification test is done for tuberculosis ?

A

Montoux test

68
Q

Which identification test is done for RH antigen of fetus?

A

Coombs test

Dental Pulse Volume 1 (4 decks)

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