Microbiology

Question 1

What test differentiates between gram positive cocci?

Answer 1

Catalase test

Question 2

What is catalase positive?

Answer 2

Staphylococcus

Question 3

What is catalase negative?

Answer 3

Streptococcus

Question 4

How are staphylococcus arranged?

Answer 4

Clusters

Question 5

How are streptococcus arranged?

Answer 5

Chains

Question 6

What is the coagulase test?

Answer 6

An enzyme produced by staph aureus coverts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin

Question 7

What is positive for the coagulase test?

Answer 7

S.aureus

Question 8

What is negative for the coagulase test?

Answer 8

Staph epidermidis and saprophyticus

Question 9

What is alpha haemolytic strep?

Answer 9

Greening on blood agar

Question 10

What is beta haemolytic strep?

Answer 10

Clear on blood agar

Question 11

What is gamma haemolytic strep?

Answer 11

No lysis on blood agar

Question 12

Name beta haemolytic strep?

Answer 12

S.pyogenes

Question 13

What test differentiates between alpha haemolytic strep?

Answer 13

Optochin test

Question 14

Sensitive to optochin disc?

Answer 14

S.pneumonia

Question 15

Resistant to optochin disc?

Answer 15

Viridans strep

Question 16

Gamma haem strep?

Answer 16

Enterococcus

Question 17

Gram positive rods?

Answer 17

Corneybacteria, mycobacteria, listeria, bacillus, nocardia

Question 18

Which gram negative bacilli appear pink on maccconkey?

Answer 18

E.coli and klebsiella

Question 19

What type of bacteria are pink on MacConkey?

Answer 19

Lactose fermenting

Question 20

What type of bacteria are white on MacConkey?

Answer 20

Non-lactose fermenting

Question 21

Non lactose fermenting bacteria?

Answer 21

Shigella, salmonella, pseudomonas, proteus

Question 22

Which test differentiates between the non-lactose fermenting bacteria?

Answer 22

Oxidase test

Question 23

What is oxidase positive?

Answer 23

Pseudomonas

Question 24

What is oxidase negative?

Answer 24

Shigella, salmonella and proteus

Question 25

Gram negative cocci?

Answer 25

Neisseria, moraxella

Question 26

Antibiotics to treat shigella?

Answer 26

Quinolones, Azithromycin

Question 27

Antibiotics to treat salmonella?

Answer 27

Amoxicillin, quinolones, macrolides

Question 28

Antibiotics to treat neisseria?

Answer 28

Cephalosporins

Question 29

Antibiotics to treat MRSA?

Answer 29

Gentamicin, Vancomycin

Question 30

Treatment for bacterial meningitis?

Answer 30

Cephalosporins: IV cefotaxime/ IV ceftriaxone

Question 31

What type of antibiotics should you use for gram positive and why?

Answer 31

Usually use penicillins as they have thick walls and they inhibit cell wall synthesis/

Question 32

What antibiotic would you give to someone with a penicillin allergy?

Answer 32

A macrolide

Question 33

Give 2 examples of a macrolide?

Answer 33

Clarithromycin and erythromycin

Question 34

Which antibiotic should you not give to pregnant women?

Answer 34

Trimethoprim as it inhibits folic acid synthesis

Question 35

What should you treat UTI's with?

Answer 35

Nitrofurantoin and trimethoprim

Question 36

What stain is used for Mycoplasm tuberculosis?

Answer 36

Ziehl-Neelsen stain (stains red)