Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Question 1

halophiles

Answer 1

require a high concentration of salt

Question 2

What are the two types of heterotrophs?

Answer 2

saprobes parasites

Question 3

A symbiotic relationship is

Answer 3

Organisms live in close nutritional relationships; required by one or both members.

Question 5

What is mutualism?

Answer 5

Obligatory, dependent; both members benefit.

Question 6

Types of nonsymbiotic relationships?

Answer 6

synergism antagonism

Question 7

In this free-living ecological association, one organism affects the survival of the other organism?

Answer 7

actions of one organism affect the success or survival of others in the same community (competition)

Question 8

What is antagonism?

Answer 8

Some members are inhibited or destroyed by others

Question 9

What is a phototroph?

Answer 9

gain energy through photosynthesis

Question 10

Mutualism relationship example?

Answer 10

riboflavin producing bacteria that produce glycoside hydrolase so we can digest carbohydrates and milk

Question 11

What is commensalism?

Answer 11

The commensal benefits; other host is not harmed

Question 12

what is passive transport?

Answer 12

does not require energy; substances exist in a gradient and move from areas of higher concentration toward areas of lower concentration

Question 13

inducer proteins

Answer 13

inducer molecules stimulate expression of a particular gene and synthesis of a protein product, such as an enzyme

Question 14

What is parasitism?

Answer 14

Parasite is dependent and benefits; host harmed

Question 15

What is a chemotroph?

Answer 15

gain energy from chemical compounds

Question 16

Types of organisms that require carbon as a nutritional requirement

Answer 16

autotroph and heterotroph

Question 17

What are the types of ecological associations?

Answer 17

symbiotic and nonsymbiotic

Question 18

What is an autotroph?

Answer 18

an organism that uses CO2, an inorganic gas as its carbon source Not nutritionally dependent on other living things

Question 19

In a hypotonic soltions what is happening?

Answer 19

Water concentration is equal inside and

outside the cell, thus rates of diffusion

are equal in both directions.

Question 20

Biofilms result when?

Answer 20

organisms attach to a substrate by some form of extracellular matrix that binds them together in complex organized layers

Question 21

What is a heterotroph?

Answer 21

must obtain carbon in an organic form made by other living organisms such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids

Question 22

Types of symbiotic relationships?

Answer 22

mutualism commensalism parasitism

Question 23

What is synergism?

Answer 23

Members cooperate and share nutrients.

Question 24

What are essential organic nutrients?

Answer 24

Organic compounds that cannot be synthesized by an organism because they lack the genetic and metabolic mechanisms to synthesize them

Question 25

What is a growth curve?

Answer 25

Populations displaying predictable pattern of growth over time