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BIO 208 - Exam #3 > Microbial Genetics > Flashcards

Microbial Genetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

phenotype

A

traits/genes that are expressed by an organism

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1
Q

genotype

A

all the genes that are expressed by an organism

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2
Q

how can two organisms of the same species have the same genotype but a different phenotype?

A

organisms can turn on and off genes they have

- ex. E. coli

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3
Q

what are the bases for DNA?

A

A, G, T, C

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4
Q

what are the bases for RNA?

A

A
G
U
C

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5
Q

what is the molecule shape for DNA?

A

double helix

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6
Q

what is the molecule shape for RNA?

A

single strand

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7
Q

what type of carbon sugar is DNA?

A

deoxyribose (5 C)

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8
Q

what type of carbon sugar is RNA?

A

ribose (5 C)

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9
Q

where is the phosphate bonded in DNA

A

5’

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10
Q

where is the phosphate bonded in RNA

A

5’

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11
Q

where is the base bonded in DNA

A

1’

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12
Q

where is the base bonded in RNA

A

1’

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13
Q

what is the function of DNA?

A

encodes for everything we need to live (all biological molecules)

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14
Q

what are the types of RNA

A

mRNA
tRNA
rRNA

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15
Q

what is the function of mRNA

A

encodes for proteins /stuff from the DNA

16
Q

what is the function of tRNA

A

transfer, pick up amino acids and carry them around cell

17
Q

what is the function of rRNA

A

protein synthesis, make up ribosomes

18
Q

what is a gene?

A

some DNA sequence (nucleotides) that encode for functional products (proteins)

19
Q

describe the base pairing in a DNA molecule

A

complementary
2 H bonds between A and T
3 H bonds between C and G

20
Q

what does it mean that DNA replication is semiconservative

A

1 parent and 1 daughter strand that form double helix

21
Q

prokaroytes typically have ____ circular chromosome

A

one

22
Q

prokaryotes typically have one chromosome with ______ origin of replication

A

one

23
Q

DNA synthesis on the ______ is continuous while synthesis on the _______ strand is discontinuous

A

leading

lagging

24
Q

DNA synthesis by _________ (enzyme) requires _______ in order to begin

A

DNA polymerase

RNA primer

25
Q

DNA fragments synthesized on the _____ strand are “stitched” together by ________ (enzyme)

A

lagging

ligase

BIO 208 - Exam #3 (1 decks)

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