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KS3 - Microbes and Disease > Microbes and Disease > Flashcards

Microbes and Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

Any microorganism that causes an infectious disease

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2
Q

Name the 3 types of microorganism that can be pathogens.

A

Virus
Bacteria
Fungi

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3
Q

Which diseases are caused by a virus?

A

Flu
Measles
Mumps
Rubella

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4
Q

Which diseases are caused by a bacteria?

A

Salmonella (food poisoning)
Tonsillitis
Tuberculosis (TB)

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5
Q

How can pathogens spread?

A

Droplets
Animals (bites)
Food
Touch

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6
Q

How can the body prevent pathogens from entering

A 
Skin
Tears
Ear wax
Mucus
Stomach acid
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7
Q

What does the body produce if pathogens get inside it

A

White blood cells

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8
Q

Name 3 ways that white blood cells stop pathogens

A

Engulf to kill
Produce antibodies to kill
Produce anti toxins to stop toxins harming us

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9
Q

What do white blood cells produce to kill pathogens?

A

Antibodies

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10
Q

What do antibodies do?

A

Kill pathogens

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11
Q

What can viruses and bacteria produce to make us feel unwell?

A

Toxins

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12
Q

What do pathogens have which identifies them?

A

Antigens

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13
Q

White blood cells have a _________ which can remember how to make antibodies in case the pathogen ever comes back.

A

memory

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14
Q

What does an antitoxin do?

A

Stops toxins from making use feel unwell

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15
Q

Name some symptoms of being infected by a pathogen

A

Headache
Fever
Feeling sick

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16
Q

How do bacteria make us feel unwell?

A

Multiply rapidly

Release toxins

17
Q

How do viruses make us feel unwell?

A

Multiply inside cell damaging them

Release toxins

18
Q

What is a vaccination/immunisation?

A

An injection of dead/weakened pathogen which gives protection against the pathogen

19
Q

Describe the steps involved in vaccination/immunisation

A
  1. Injection of dead/weakened pathogen
  2. White blood cells produce antibodies to kill pathogen
  3. White blood cells produce antitoxin to stop toxins
  4. White blood cells remember how to kill it
  5. Antibodies rapidly produced if real pathogen infect you
20
Q

What can overuse of antibiotics lead to?

A

Resistant strains of bacteria

21
Q

Antibiotics do not work on…

A

viruses

22
Q

The ideal temperature to grow bacteria in a school is

A

25 degrees celsius

23
Q

Why would you not grow bacteria in a school above 25 degrees celsius?

A

Because you could grow pathogens

24
Q

Why do antibiotics not cure a cold/flu?

A

because cold/flu is caused by a virus

antibiotics do not work on viruses

25
Q

What can be given to ease the symptoms of flu?

A

painkillers e.g. paracetamol

26
Q

Antibiotic resistance means…

A

…that antibiotics will not work on the bacteria

27
Q

How can we prevent antibiotic resistant bacteria developing as fast?

A

Reduce antibiotic use by people
Don’t use antibiotics on farm animals
Good hygiene (washing hands etc.)

28
Q

Name the medicine that kills bacteria

A

antibiotics

KS3 - Microbes and Disease (1 decks)

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