microbes

Question 1

what illnesses are bacteria responsible for

Answer 1

MRSA
salmonella
tuberculosis
causes food to go off

Question 2

how is bacteria useful to humans

Answer 2

yogurt production
treating sewage
genetic engineering

Question 3

what infections are fungi responsible

Answer 3

athletes foot
ringworm
causes food to go off

Question 4

how are fungi useful

Answer 4

baking industries
brewing industries
cheese industries

Question 5

why are viruses dangerous

Answer 5

they cause the flu
mumps
chicken pox
AIDS

Question 6

how are viruses useful

Answer 6

genetic engineering

Question 7

why should you always work close to a bunsen while growing microbes

Answer 7

the convection currents keep the surface clean

Question 8

when could aseptic technique be used

Answer 8

food poisoning

Question 9

bacteria grow in groups what are these groups called

Answer 9

colonies

Question 10

definition of outbreak

Answer 10

when a disease suddenly spreads amount a population

Question 11

what are some symptoms of the swine flu

Answer 11

vomiting 
diarrhoea 
coughing 
fever
body pains
stomach upsets

Question 12

how is the swine flu spread

Answer 12

sneezing

coughing

Question 13

how do you protect against the swine flu

Answer 13

good personal hygiene
wash hands
masks

Question 14

definition of epidemic

Answer 14

an outbreak of disease in one country

Question 15

definition of pandemic

Answer 15

a worldwide outbreak

Question 16

what did fleming discover whenever he came home from his holibobs

Answer 16

on an unclean plate there was no longer bacteria and it seemed to radiate of mould

Question 17

how would the mould have gotten in

Answer 17

the plate was left near an open window

Question 18

what did he discover from this

Answer 18

the fluid ( penicillin ) was capable of killing bacteria

Question 19

what was the experiment that proved this

Answer 19

mice where injected with a lethal dose of bacteria and half where injected with penicillin, that half survived

Question 20

why did milk maids not get small pox

Answer 20

because the always had cow pox

the two where so similar that the cow pox antibodies got rid of both

Question 21

what experiment proved this

Answer 21

jenner put pus from cow pox into two wounds of a child who hadn’t had either
whenever he recovered he did the same but with the small pox
how body fought it off before it could effect him

Question 22

what is a vaccination injecting into you

Answer 22

dead or inactive pathogens

Question 23

what do the antigens on the dew pathogen stimulate the lymphocyte to do

Answer 23

produce antibodies and memory cells against the specific pathogen

Question 24

what happens if a living pathogen enter the body now

Answer 24

the memory cells produce lots of antibodies very quickly and destroy the pathogen before it makes us sick

Question 25

what three things do phagocytes do

Answer 25

surround, engulf and digest pathogens

Question 26

what are the four chambers of the heart called

Answer 26

right ventricle left ventricle right atrium left atrium

Question 27

where is the blood coming from and going on the left side of the heart

Answer 27

coming from the body and to the lungs

Question 28

where is the blood coming from and going to on the right side of the heart

Answer 28

from the lungs and to the body

Question 29

why does an artery have strong walls and thick layers of collagen

Answer 29

to withstand high pressure

Question 30

what does a smooth inner layer of endothelin in the artery do

Answer 30

reduces friction

Question 31

what size of lumen does a vein have

Answer 31

a wide lumen

Question 32

what pressure is the blood coming through the vein at

Answer 32

low pressure and usually deoxygenated

Question 33

how many cells thick in a capillary

Answer 33

1 cell thick for short diffusion distance

Question 34

what does the capillary do

Answer 34

allows exchange between blood and tissues

Question 35

what does the rbc do

Answer 35

transported oxygen

Question 36

what pigment do rbc’s contain

Answer 36

ion pigment called haemoglobin which helped to pick up oxygen

Question 37

what do wbc do

Answer 37

fight infection and protect us from disease

Question 38

how do wbc’s fight infection

Answer 38

they detect bacteria and destroy them before they harm the body and produce antibodies

Question 39

what does the plasma do

Answer 39

transports dissolves substances ( nutrients ) | cells deposit their waste into the plasma

Question 40

what do platelets do

Answer 40

clot the blood from a cut to prevent blood loss and bacteria entering the clot hardens to s scab until new skin grows