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THE BACTERIA BOOK > MICROBES > Flashcards

MICROBES Flashcards

1
Q

Any living creature that is small and you cant see with your eyes is known as a

A

MICROBE

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2
Q

The six most common types of microbes are

A 
Bacteria
Virus
Fungus
Protozoa
Algae
Archaea
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3
Q

Organisms made of one cell are known as

A

Unicellular organisms

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4
Q

Are Bacteria unicellular organisms

A

Yes

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5
Q

There are more bacteria on earth than any other life for, is this statement true

A

Yes

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6
Q

The smallest microbes are

A

Virus

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7
Q

Can a Fungus be Unicellular or multicellular

A

Yes

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8
Q

Other than plants, name a organism that uses the green pigment chlorophyll

A

Algae

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9
Q

Name the microbe that looks a lot like bacteria but behaves in a different way

A

Archaea

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10
Q

Name the microbe that can survive in extreme environments like very hot places or strong acids

A

Archaea

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11
Q

The tool which uses curved glass lenses to make things look bigger is a

A

Microscope

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12
Q

Viruses are too small to be seen using a regular microscope, we can see them using a

A

Electron Microscope.

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13
Q

A regular microscope uses a beam of light to see objects, but a electron microscope uses What ?

A

A beam of electrons

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14
Q

Scientists make bacteria grow in special plates called as

A

Petri Dish

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15
Q

A Petri Dish is filled with a nutrient filled jelly called as

A

Agar

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16
Q

Microbes that can make people sick is known as

A

Germs

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17
Q

About how many cells make up the human body

A

30 trillion cells

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18
Q

What is the basic unit of every living creature

A

Cell

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19
Q

The three parts which are common in every living cell are

A

Cytoplasm
DNA
Cell membrane

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20
Q

The jelly like substance that fills the inside of the cell is called

A

CYTOPLASM

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21
Q

The structure that holds the cell together and allows chemicals to move in and out of the cells is the

A

CELL MEMBRANE

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22
Q

The big molecule in the nucleus that tells cells how to grow and behave is the

A

DNA

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23
Q

Some bacteria have tails which help them swim and move, this tail is known as a

A

FLAGELLUM

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24
Q

Bacteria that are round or oval in shape and appear like balls are known as

A

COCCI

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25
Q

Bacteria that are shaped like rods are called

A

Bacilli

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26
Q

Bacteria that are long and twisty, and shaped like a cockscrew are known as

A

Spirilla

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27
Q

Floating in the cytoplasm are little round molecules that are able to read the DNA, these molecules are called as

A

RIBOSOMES

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28
Q

The first step in the doubling of a cell is

A

It copies the DNA

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29
Q

How much of bacteria does a person carry on himself

A

2 Kgs

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30
Q

Where are the places we can find the bacteria

A 
Air
Soil
Rocks
Oceans
Home
You
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31
Q

How is the bacteria in the soil helpful

A

The bacteria from the soil can turn nitrogen from the air into useful fertilisers for the plants. This is known as the NITROGEN CYCLE

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32
Q

There are more bacteria cells on our bodies than human cells, is this statement true

A

YES

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33
Q

When living organisms produce their own light, this phenomenon is known as

A

BIOLUMINESCENCE

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34
Q

Name this bioluminiscent Squid

A

Bobtail Squid

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35
Q

How does the Bobtail squid light up on its own

A

They have special bacteria, that make chemicals that helps the quid to light up

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36
Q

Name this mushroom that glows in the dark

A

FOXFIRE MUSHROOM

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37
Q

Name this fish that have glowing bacteria on their head

A

Female angler fish

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38
Q

Most of the bacteria in your body is found in the

A

GUT

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39
Q

In the small intestine long food molecules are cut into smaller size by special snippers called

A

Enzymes

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40
Q

The large molecules like OLIGOSACCHARIDES cannot be cut by enzymes in the small intestine. they are broken down by bacteria in the

A

Large Intestine

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41
Q

The bacteria in the large intestine break down large molecules like oligosaccharides into two gases, name them

A

Hydrogen and Methane

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42
Q

Name a disease that can spread very fast if drinking water is not clean

A

CHOLERA

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43
Q

What does a human suffer from when he gets CHOLERA

A

DIARRHOEA

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44
Q

Who in ENGLAND first discovered that cholera is spread through contaminated water

A

John Snow

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45
Q

The little holes in your skin are known as

A

FOLLICLE

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46
Q

The biggest organ in the body is the

A

SKIN

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47
Q

The blood in your body flows through a system of tubes called

A

Arteries and Veins

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48
Q

Is having a fever good for your body

A

Yes

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49
Q

Why is having a fever good for our bodies

A

During fever the temperature of the body rises and this helps to fight germs

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50
Q

This special type of white blood cell that engulfs germs and tears them apart is

A

MACROPHAGE

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51
Q

What is Hay Fever

A

Allergy to pollen is HAY FEVER

52
Q

Who discovered the antibiotic Penicillin

A

Alexander Fleming

53
Q

The mould from which Penicillin is obtained is called

A

Penicillium Notatum

54
Q

Some bacteria have crystals of magnet inside them, They are called

A

MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIA

55
Q

This bacteria grow little hairs that act like wires. The Hairs pull electricity in and push it out. Name this bacteria

A

SHEWANELLA BACTERIA

56
Q

This bacteria is three times stronger and stickier than SUPER GLUE

A

CAULOBACTER CRESCENTUS

57
Q

The pancreas makes an important chemical in the body called

A

INSULIN

58
Q

How does the chemical INSULIN help the body

A

It keeps the sugar levels in the blood normal

59
Q

When pancreas cant make enough insulin in the body, people get a disease called

A

Diabetes

60
Q

Can a bacteria be used to make INSULIN

A

YES

61
Q

Name the bacteria that is used to name INSULIN

A

E. COLI

62
Q

Name the technology where INSULIN is made using bacteria

A

Recombinant DNA Technology

63
Q

Can Viruses make copies of themselves and reproduce without help

A

NO

64
Q

The most common Flu virus is the

A

Rhino Virus

65
Q

Name the virus that can infect the bacteria

A

Bacteriophage

66
Q

The shell of the virus is called the

A

CAPSID

67
Q

Name this virus whose shell is shaped like 20 triangles arranged into a ball

A

ADENOVIRUS

68
Q

This virus is shaped like a curly tube and is very deadly

A

EBOLA VIRUS

69
Q

The special white blood cells that can remember a previous infection are known as

A

Memory Cells

70
Q

Diseases that can jump from an animal to a human is known as

A

Zoonotic Disease

71
Q

Name four zoonotic diseases that you have read about

A

Avian Flu
West Nile Fever
Ebola
Cat Scratch Disease

72
Q

Scientists believe that the EBOLA VIRUS comes from ?

A

BATS

73
Q

Is Cat Scratch Disease a bacterial or a Viral disease

A

Bacterial disease

74
Q

How is RABIES spread

A

Through the bite of a DOG

75
Q

After being bitten by a RABID DOG, in which part of the body does the Rabies Virus settle

A

BRAIN

76
Q

To be called a fungus, the microbes cell wall must be made of a material called ?

A

CHITIN

77
Q

Name this fungal infection of the foot

A

ATHLETES FOOT

78
Q

Is YEAST a fungus?

A

YES

79
Q

Crab shells and insects exoskeletons are made of a substance called ?

A

CHITIN

80
Q

At home where does mould usually grow

A

Around Taps and other damp spots

81
Q

The medicine used to fight bacteria are known as

A

Antibiotics

82
Q

A scientist who studies bacteria is known as

A

BACTERIOLOGIST

83
Q

The layer that holds the cell together and allows substances to move in and out of the cell is called the

A

CELL MEMBRANE

84
Q

The chemical used for photosynthesis

A

CHLOROPHYLL

85
Q

The extra layer of protection around some cell membranes is called

A

CELL WALL

86
Q

A type of Algae made of only one cell is called

A

DIATOM

87
Q

A chemical that breaks down large molecules onto smaller molecules is called

A

ENZYMES

88
Q

The process by which microbes change sugars into other substances is called

A

FERMENTATION

89
Q

The tail some microbes have to help them move is called

A

FLAGELLUM

90
Q

The microbes that reproduce by making and spreading spores is called

A

FUNGI

91
Q

The types of protozoa with long flagellum are called

A

FLAGELLATES

92
Q

These thread like strands of the fungus are known as

A

Hyphae

93
Q

The ARCHAEA that can survive in very high temperatures like those near underwater vents are called

A

HYPERTHERMOPHILES

94
Q

The system through which an organism gets rid of invaders like Germs

A

IMMUNE SYSTEM

95
Q

A chemical that balances the level of sugar in an organisms blood

A

Pancreas

96
Q

A white blood cell that remembers an infection after it is gone

A

MEMORY CELL

97
Q

The science of micro organisms

A

MICROBIOLOGY

98
Q

Type of a fuzzy fungus that grows in moist places like on rotting food

A

MOULD

99
Q

The scientific name for any living creature

A

ORGANISM

100
Q

The process of heating substances such as milk, to kill any germs living inside

A

PASTEURIZATION

101
Q

The antibiotic substance produced by a mould

A

PENICILLIN

102
Q

The act of one cell eating another, such as how macrophages eats germs

A

PHAGOCYTOSIS

103
Q

The process by which plants and algae take in energy from the SUN

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

104
Q

These little hairs on the outside of some bacteria used to attach to some surfaces

A

PILI

105
Q

The process how one organism makes more organisms

A

REPRODUCTION

106
Q

These balls of spores on a Fungus are called as

A

SPORANGIA

107
Q

The process of cleaning objects such as surgical tools

A

STERILIZATION

108
Q

Name this Zombie-Ant Fungus

A

OPHIOCORDYCEPS UNILATERALIS

109
Q

He is known as the Father of Microbiology

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

110
Q

The first Virus ever discovered was

A

TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS

111
Q

He discovered the bacteria that causes Tuberculosis

A

ROBERT KOCH

112
Q

Name this Virus that is 10 times bigger than the cold Virus

A

MIMI VIRUS

113
Q

Who first discovered the MIMI VIRUS

A

DIDIER RAOULT

114
Q

Animals that are very small to see with the naked eye and can be seen only with a microscope are called as

A

MICRO ANIMALS

115
Q

The group of animal that include Copepods, Crabs and Shrimps are called as

A

CRUSTACEANS

116
Q

Name this micro animal that can be found on human eyelashes

A

DEMODEX

117
Q

90 % of animals on the ocean floor are tiny creatures called

A

NEMATODE WORMS

118
Q

Name four micro animals that you have come across

A

DEMODEX
NEMATODE WORM
TARDIGRADE
COPEPOD

119
Q

These micro animals are known for their appearance and their ability to survive in extreme environments.

A

TARDIGRADE

120
Q

Tardigrades are also known as

A

Water Bears
Space Bears
Water Piglets

121
Q

Are PROTOZOA, unicellular or multi cellular

A

Unicellular

122
Q

The Three main types of Protozoa are

A

AMOEBA
CILIATES
FLAGELLATES

123
Q

The biggest single celled organism is

A

AMOEBA

It can grow upto 20 cms across

124
Q

Does ARCHAEA cause any disease

A

NO

125
Q

About half of the oxygen that we breathe is made by

A

ALGAE

126
Q

When algae take over a pond, a lake or even a large area of the ocean they are known as

A

ALGAL BLOOMS

THE BACTERIA BOOK (1 decks)

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