Microbe pest part 1

Question 1

what are physiological functions of plants

Answer 1

1. Absorption of nutrients
2. Synthesis of carbohydrates
   3.Translocation and storage of metabolic products

Question 2

what is a microbe?

Answer 2

• A microbe, it is a pathogenic microorganisms, called
  pathogen, it is a biotic (living) agent.

Question 3

t-f: a microbe is a biotic agent

Answer 3

true

Question 4

How a microbe cause an infection in the plant?

Answer 4

• Secreting toxic substances
• Growing and multiplying inside plant vessels

Question 5

how is called a disease caused by an environmental factor?

Answer 5

a disorder

Question 6

t-f environmental factor are abiotic?

Answer 6

true abiotic= not a living microorganism

Question 7

name some factors of abiotic diseases:

Answer 7

temperature, moisture level-humidity, nutrient deficiency, rainfall, lack or excess of light, lack of oxygen
air pollution
nutrient deficiencies
mineral toxicities
inadequate pH (acidity or alkalinity)
toxicity to pesticides
improper cultural practices, etc

Question 8

name some factors of biotic diseases:

Answer 8

virus, bacteria, fungus, protozoa, nematodes

Question 9

what is a specific pathogen:

Answer 9

afect only one plant specie

Question 10

what is a general pathogen?

Answer 10

affect several dozen or even hundreds of
species of plants.

Question 11

T-F the grouping “The type of agent causing the disease : a pathogen or
environmental factor. “ is the most useful criterion

Answer 11

true! as it suggests the
probable spread of the disease and also possible control measure.

Question 12

what are the 4 ways diseases can be grouped into?

Answer 12

1. the symptoms they cause
   2.the plant organ they affect (ex. root, stem, foliage)
   3.type of plant affected (field crop diseases, vegetable diseases, turf diseases)
   4.type of agent causing the disease (pathogen or environmental factor)

Question 13

true or false : Infectious or biotic plant diseases :
Caused by a pathogen, can’t be transferred from an individual plant to
another

Answer 13

false, they can be transferred.

Question 14

wich cause of diseases can be transferred from a plant to another?

Answer 14

Diseases caused by viruses and viroids
Diseases caused by prokaryotes such as bacteria, and mollicutes
Diseases caused by Fungi and oomycetes
Diseases caused by protozoa

Question 15

abiotic disosrders like temperature can also be called: and are they caused by a pathogen?

Answer 15

physiological disorders

no!!

Question 16

name some symptoms of plant diseases:

Answer 16

Leaf curl, frosts, rusts, mildew, mosaics, blights, wilt, canker, galls, rots, stunting, chlorosis

Question 17

name some symptoms that affect leaves and interfere with photosynthesis

Answer 17

Leaf spots
Leaf curls
Rusts
Mildews
Powdery Mildew is one of the least harmful diseases that occurs on plants.
It is easy to identify by a grey or white powdery coating on the plant
Mosaics

Question 18

wich symptom is this: Reddish-orange spots on leaves. Usually caused by fungi

Answer 18

rusts

Question 19

wich disease is the least harmfull that occurs on plants?

Answer 19

mildews (powdery or not)