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General Review > Microbe-Antimicrobial > Flashcards

Microbe-Antimicrobial Flashcards

1
Q

Staphylococcus aureus toxin-mediated

A

Remove foreign bodies
Drainage of purulent collections
Fluid replacement
Penicillinase-resistant penicillins

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2
Q

Staphylococcus aureus infections

A

MSSA: penicillinase-resistant penicillins
MRSA: Vancomycin

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3
Q

Staphylococcus epidermidis

A

Vancomycin (most strains resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins)

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4
Q

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

A

TMP-SMX

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5
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes infections

A

Penicillin G

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6
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes toxin-mediated

A

Penicillin G
Clindamycin added in TSS to prevent Scarlet fever
Surgery/debridement for necrotizing fasciitis

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7
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes immune mediated

A

Prophylaxis: penicillin for patients h/o Rheumatic fever

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8
Q

Streptococcus agalactiae

A

Penicillin G

Prophylaxis: Ampicillin to pregnant women

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9
Q

Enterococcus faecalis

A

Ampicillin or vancomycin + aminoglycosides

VRE: linezolid, daptomycin

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10
Q

Streptococcus bovis

A

Penicillin

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11
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Penicillin or cephalosporins
Vancomycin for meningitis
Pneumovax

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12
Q

Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus intermedius

A

Penicillin G

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13
Q

Bacillus cereus

A

Rehydration, good food handling and storage (no reheating fried rice)

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14
Q

Bacillus anthracis

A

Parenteral penicillin G

Anti-PA vaccine

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15
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Prophylaxis: DTaP
Treatment: clean wound, antitoxin (Ig), DTaP booster, penicillin/metronidazole, diazepam

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16
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin, respiratory support

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17
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole
Oral vancomycin
Withdraw causative abx (usually clindamycin)

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18
Q

Clostridium perfringens

A

Surgical removal of infected area
Hyperbaric oxygen => kill anaerobic organism
Penicillin, clindamycin (only local, weak infections)

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19
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A

Ampicillin +/- gentamycin

TMP-SMX

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20
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

A

Prophylaxis: DTaP
Treatment: antitoxin, penicillin or erythromycin for local colonization, DTaP booster

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21
Q

Actinomyces israelii

A

Penicillin G

Surgical drainage of abscess

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22
Q

Nocardia asteroides, Nocardia brasiliensis

A

TMP-SMX

Surgical drainage of abscess

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23
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Penicillin G, ceftriaxone

Rifampin for close contacts as prophylaxis

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24
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Ceftriaxone (+doxycycline for probable concurrent Chlamydia infection)
Prophylactic erythromycin eyedrops for neonates

25
Q

Moraxella catarrhalis

A

Amoxicillin-clavulanate
2nd/3rd generation cephalosporins
TMP-SMX

26
Q

Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Third-generation cephalosporins

27
Q

Escherichia coli

A

Rehydration
TMP-SMX
Penicillin (UTI)
Third-generation cephalosporin (meningitis, sepsis)

28
Q

Salmonella typhi

A

Ceftriaxone
Ciprofloxacin, ampicillin for carriers
Cholecystectomy may be necessary for carriers
Vaccine

29
Q

Salmonella enteritidis

A

Fluid and electrolytes

30
Q

Shigella dysenteriae

A

Oral rehydration for mild cases

Fluoroquinolones for severe cases

31
Q

Proteus mirabilis

A

TMP-SMX

Ampicillin

32
Q

Vibrio cholerae

A

Oral/IV rehydration
Tetracycline
Vaccines (not very effective)

33
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A 
anti-pseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside
(piperacillin + gentamicin)
(piperacillin + tazobactam)
(mezlocillin + gentamicin)
Fluoroquinolones
34
Q

Yersinia enterocolitica

A

Self-limiting

Gentamicin or chloramphenicol for septicemia

35
Q

Yersinia pestis

A

Streptomycin, tetracycline

Vaccine

36
Q

Helicobacter pylori

A

PPI + amoxicillin + clarithromycin

PPI + bismuth + metronidazole + tetracycline

37
Q

Campylobacter jejuni

A

Erythromycin

Ciprofloxacin

38
Q

Bacteroides fragilis

A

Drain abscess
Repair lesions
Metronidazole
Clindamycin

39
Q

Haemophilus influenzae type B

A

Ceftriaxone
Hib vaccine
Rifampin prophylaxis for contacts

40
Q

Legionella pneumophila

A

Erythromycin

41
Q

Bordetella pertussis

A

DTaP

Erythromycin (only before paroxysmal phase)

42
Q

Brucella species

A

Doxycycline + gentamicin

43
Q

Francisella tularensis

A

Streptomycin

44
Q

Pasteurella multocida

A

Penicillin G

Clean and drain wound

45
Q

Bartonella henselae

A

Azithromycin

Doxycycline

46
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPES = rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin
Prophylaxis (PPD+) = isoniazid
BCG

47
Q

Mycobacterium leprae

A

Dapsone + rifampin + clofazimine

48
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin G

49
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi

A

Doxycycline or amoxicillin for stage 1

Ceftriaxone later stages

50
Q

Borrelia recurrentis

A

Penicillin

Tetracycline

51
Q

Leptospira interrogans

A

Penicillin G

Prophylaxis: doxycycline

52
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

Erythromycin

Tetracycline

53
Q

Chlamydia psittaci

A

Doxycycline

54
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Azithromycin
Doxycycline + ceftriaxone (for gonorrhea)
Oral erythromycin for neonates

55
Q

Chlamydia pneumoniae

A

Doxycycline

56
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Doxycycline

Chloramphenicol

57
Q

Rickettsia prowazekii

A

Tetracycline

Chloramphenicol

58
Q

Coxiella burnetii

A

Tetracycline

General Review (10 decks)

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