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Micro > Micro Viruses -DIT o > Flashcards

Micro Viruses -DIT o Flashcards

1
Q

EBV Cancer(3)

A 
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Burtkett lymphoma (african)
Hodgkins Lymphoma (Immune comp)
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2
Q

heterophile Ab test

A

EBV monospot

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3
Q

Atypical cells

A

CD8 cells that look like B cells in a EBV infection

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4
Q

Reye Syndrome
Cause
symptoms
findings

A

hepatoenephalopathy, hypoglycemia, vomiting, coma

post viral infection (VZV and influenza B) and given aspirin

Find: ASA metal decrease beta oxidation by reversible inhibition of mitochonchonria enzymes

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5
Q

ASA exception to Reye’s

A

Kawasaki Disease

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6
Q

HCV family

A

RNA flavivirus

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7
Q

HDV family

A

RNA delta virus

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8
Q

HAV family

A

RNA piconavirus

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9
Q

HBV family

A

DNA hepadnavirus

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10
Q

HEV family

A

RNA hepevirus

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11
Q

Viral neonatal encephalitis (3 causes)

A

HSV1
HSV2 - temporal lobes
CMV

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12
Q

TORCH

A

Transplacental infections

Toxoplasma
Other(syphilis)
Ruebella
CMV
Herpes
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13
Q

Cowdry type A inclusion bodies

A

seen in HSV-1

encephalitis clue

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14
Q

Viral recombination

A

exchange of genes between 2 chromosomes by crossing over w/in regions of significant sequence homology

2 closely related viruses co-infect

DNA or RNA w/DNA phase

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15
Q

Viral reassortment

A

segemented genomes only (BOAR: Bunyavirus, orthomyxoviruses, arenaviruses, reoviruses)

viruses co infect and segments are exchanged -> new strands 9high frequency recombination)

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16
Q

Viral complementation

A

2 viruses infect a cell but one virus has a mutated genome resulting in a non functional protein

non mutated virus complements the mutated one allowing it to replicate

problem of replication still remains for the progeny

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17
Q

Viral Phenotypic mixing

A

simultaneous infection go cell w/ 2 viruses

Genome of virus A can be partially coated w/ surface proteins from virus B

Type B determines infectivity

Progeny though are from Virus A

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18
Q

Live attenuated vaccines (6)

A 
Sabian's oral polio
MMR
intranasal influenza
varicella 
yellow fever
Small pox
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19
Q

Killed viral vaccines (4)

A

Rabies
injected influenza
Salk polio
HAV

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20
Q

Recombinent viral vaccines(2)

A

HBV

HPV

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21
Q

Normal DNA viral genome Structure

2 categories of exceptions and examples (1+3)

A

Usually double stranded and linear

Single stranded exception - parvovirus

circular

  • hepadnavirus
  • papillomavirus
  • polyomavirus
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22
Q

Concern w/ egg allergy vaccines (3)

A

influenza
MMR
yellow fever

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23
Q

Circular DNA viruses (3) exceptions to the linear DNA rule

A

hepadnovirus
Papillovirus
polyomavirus

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24
Q

SS DNA virus (1) exception to the DS DNA

A

parvovirus - it is (-) stranded and needs to be transcribed 1st

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25
Q

Naked viruses

4 DNA
4 RNA

A

DNA - PAPP

  • Parvoirus
  • Adenovirus
  • Polyomavirus
  • Papillomavirus

RNA - CPR Hepe

  • Calcivirus
  • picovirus
  • reovirus
  • hepevirus

can transmit more readily ( no fluids needed)

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26
Q

+ strand RNA means?

A

the genome acts as a mRNA can be be directly translated into viral protein; transcribed copy (-) to replicate + and form a template to be passed on to progeny

(-) strand RNA needs to be transcribed to + strand 1st before viral protein can be made

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27
Q

DNA viral protein usually replicates where?

Exception

A

in the nucleus

Pox virus is an exception, too big

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28
Q

RNA viral protein is usually replicated where>

2 exceptions

A

in the cytoplasm

Exception

  • infuenza virus
  • retrovirus
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29
Q

Except for retroviruses, all other viruses are what

A

haploid

Retrovirus is diploid w/ 2 SS of RNA

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30
Q

Infectivity of viral genome directly is usually

exceptions (2 w/ DNA; RNA)

A

most dsDNA
- except Pox and HBV

+ stranded RNA
(except - stranded ssRNA)

exceptions require polymerases to be packaged w/in

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31
Q

Which viruses are not infectious in normal state

A

They need polymerase to complete infectivity

  • Pox and HBV
  • negative strand RNA
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32
Q

Latent infection established in the following herpes virus

HSV 1
HSV 2
VZV
EBV
CMV
A 
HSV 1 - trigeminal ganglia
HSV 2 - sacral ganglia
VZV - Dorsal root ganglion
EBV - B cells
CMV - monocytes
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33
Q

Other infections of note w/ HSV 1 other than cold sores(4)

A

temporal lobe encephalitis
keratoconjunctivitis
gingivostomatovirus
oral herpes labialis

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34
Q

Tanzk stain used to detect what in what viruses?(3)

A

stains multi-nuceated giant cells

For HSV 1, HSV 2, VZV

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35
Q

Cowdry inctranuclear bodies found in (3)

A

HSV 2
HSV2
VZV

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36
Q

Give a patient a medication for what appears to be a sore throat but also has some painful posterior LAD and malaise and then develops a maculopapular rash

what happened?

A

gave a person with EBV ampicillin

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37
Q

Downey cells

A

Atypical lymphocytes of T cell origin in a EBV infection

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38
Q

What is the most concerning result of a VSV infection in the elderly?

A

pneumonia

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39
Q

Heterophile negative yet still has signs of mononucleosis (5)

A 
CMV
HIV Acute
toxoplasmosis acute
viral hepatitis 
strep throat
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40
Q

Most common congenital transmission in utero

A

CMV

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41
Q

Complication of CMV in a bone marrow transplant patient

A

life threatening pneumonia

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42
Q

Complications of CMV in an AIDS patient (3)

A

Retinitis
GI ulceration
esophagitis

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43
Q

HIV + patient being treated for dysphagia by giving antifungals and not getting better be concerned of

A

esphogitis due to CMV

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44
Q

Herpes virus genome description

A

dsDNA
linear
enveloped

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45
Q

EBV associated malignancies (6)

A 
nasopharyngial carcinoma
Burkitts lymphoma
Hodgkins lymphoma
diffuse large cell lymphoma
oral hairy cell leukoplakia
lymphoproliferative disorders
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46
Q

Owls eye inclusions seen in organ tissues

A

CMV infection

Reed sternberg seen in the vasculature

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47
Q

Roseola is due to ?

Presentation

A

exanthum subetum

due to HHV8

presents as high fevers for a couple days followed by diffuse macular rash

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48
Q

kid comes in w/ fever of 102 and seizures and later breaks into a macupapular rash a couple days later

A

HHV6 roseola

completed by febrile seizures

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49
Q

Karposi sarcoma is rare (5%) but more common in

infects what cells?

other organs that can be involved?

A

men who have sex w/ men

infects the spindle cells of vascular and lymphatic endothelial tissue

-> highly vascular lesions

the lung

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50
Q

Rx for karposi sarcoma tumors

4

A

HAART
Topical - alitretinoin
intralesion - vinblastine
liposomal anthracyclines - daunorubicin, doxorubicin

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51
Q

3 different types of Karposi sarcoma tumors

A

Classic -slow growing w/out much potential for METS

Epidemic - found in HIV/AIDs

Immunocompromised - transplant patients

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52
Q

Rx that needs viral thymidine kinase to work(3)

Treats? (2)

A

acyclovir
valacyclovir
famiciclovir

Inhibits RSV and VZV

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53
Q

Preffered drug for treating herpes zoster

A

famiciclover

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54
Q

Drug used by CMV viral kinase (2)

A

ganciclovir

valgancicilovir

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55
Q

viral dan polymerase inhibitor that does not need activation by viral kinase to work

rx(2)

A

Foscarnet

Rx for CMV retinitis and acyclovir resistant HSV

Toxicity : nephrotoxicity and anemia

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56
Q

What labs are you going to draw aftar starting a patient on ganciclovir?(2)

A

CBC - causes: neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia

creatine - causes renal failure

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57
Q

Aplastic anemia in a sickle cell patient

A

parvo B19 virus

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58
Q

Child catches a fever and has slapped cheek rash that spreads to body

A

parvo B 19 virus

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59
Q

4 associations/presentations w/ parvo B19

A

Aplastic crisis in sickle cell patient
5ths disease/erythema infectiosum in kids (slapped cheeks and fever)
Rheumatoid like arthritis in adults
hydrops fatalis w/ pregnancy

Remember parvovirus only ss DNA, linear, no env

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60
Q

5ths disease is due to?

A

Parvo virus B19 (ss DNA, linear)

contagious before the characteristic sloped cheeks rash

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61
Q

HPV family of virus

Description

A

papillomavirus

dsDNA, circular (1/3), no env

1 and 2 - skin
6 and 11 - genital warts
16 and 18 CIN

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62
Q

JC virus is associated w/ what presentation

Family?

A

PML - progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV

Polyomavirus (dsDNA, circular, no env)

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63
Q

Polyomovirus presentation

features

A

PML - progressive mulitfocal leukoencelpoathy due to JC virus

dsDNA and circular, NO env

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64
Q

Poxvirus has 3 presentations?

unique feature of family?

A

Small pox

cowpox - vaccinia

mulluscum contagiosum -

dsDNA, enveloped (only P starting dsDNA that is), linear
DNA dependent RNA polymerase w/ and replicates in the cytoplasm; too big

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65
Q

mulluscum contagiosum is apart of what family?

A

pox virus

dsDNA, enveloped, linear, rep in cytoplasm*

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66
Q

Adenovirus presents as (4)

A

conjunctivitis
pharangitis

diarrhea
pneumonia

non enveloped, dsDNA, linear

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67
Q

URI followed by conjunctivitis due to

A

adenovirus

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68
Q

Hepadinovirus causes

A

HBV

dsDNA, enveloped, circular (carries reverse transcriptase which works on the viral RNA product that the host cell machinery makes after infection)

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69
Q

most common cause of fatal infantile gastroenteritis is?

A

rotavirus, a reovirus

Remember reoviruses are only dsRNA virus

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70
Q

most common cause of gastroenteritis on cruise ships and nursing homes

A

norwalk virus (Norovirus)

71
Q

2 reovirus presentations

description

A

Coltivirus - tick based self limiting flu

rotavirus - diarhea

dsRNA virus (only one), non enveloped

72
Q

Coltivirus family? and presentation

A

reovirus (rotavirus)
-dsRNA, non enveloped

colorado tick fever - acute self limited flu like disease

73
Q

rotavirus family? and presentation

A

1 cause of gastroenteritis in the world for kids -> dehydration and death

reovirus (coltivirus)
-dsDNA, non enveloped

74
Q

Piconavirus family ((5)

description

A

ssRNA (+), non enveloped

PERCH
Poliovirus*
echovirus*
rhinovirus
Coxsackie virus*
HAV*
  • = enterovirus and fecal oral transmission
75
Q

Poliovirus family?

presentation

A

picovirus (echovirus, rhinovirus, Coxsackie, HAV)
-ssRNA (+) nonenveloped

infects the motor neuron of the anterior horn -> flaccid paralisis

76
Q

Viruses causing the common cold(2)

A

Rhinovirus #1

Coronavirus

77
Q

Viruses that infect the motor neuron of the anterior horn (2)

A

West Nile Virus (flavivirus)

poliovirus (picovirus)

78
Q

Echovirus family ?

Presentation(3)

A

Picovirus (polio, Rhinovirus, Coxsackie, HAV)
-ssRNA (+) nonenveloped

aseptic meningitis (more common in the summer)
myocarditis
URIs

79
Q

meningitis outbreak in the summer months

A

echovirus

80
Q

Rhinovirus family?

presentation?

A

Picovirus (polio, echovirus, coxsackie, HAV)
-ssRNA (+) nonenveloped

common cold; not an enterovirus like the rest of the picoviruses

81
Q

Coxsackie virus family?

Presentation (4)

A

picovirus (polio, echovirus, rhinovirus. HAV)
-ssRNA (+) nonenveloped

  • myocarditis/ pericarditis
  • aseptic meningitis
  • herpangioma
  • hand foot and mouth dieases (body wide rash)
82
Q

4 disease leading to bodyside rash including the hands and feet

A

Coxsackie virus
Nesseira meningitis
Syphillis
Rocky mtn spotted fever

83
Q

HAV family and presentation

A

picovirus (polio, echovirus, rhinovirus, coxsackie virus)
-ssRNA (+) nonenveloped

acute viral hepatitis

84
Q

Calicivirus family has?

Description

A

norovirus - gastroenteritis on cruiseships/ nursing homes
- vomiting and diarrhea

nonenveloped SS (+)

85
Q

norovirus is apart of which viral family

presentation

A

calicivirus - presents as severe diarrhea and vomiting

nonenveloped SS (+)

86
Q

Rotavirus outbreaks are associated w?

A

winter months

daycares and playgroups

87
Q

Arboviruses that cause encephalitis (4)

A

st louis encephalitis
eastern equine encephalitis
western equine encephalitis
California encephalitis

88
Q

Flavivirus family contains (5)

description

A 
HCV
yellow fever
dengue fever
St louis encephalopathy
West nile

ssRNA, enveloped (+) strand

89
Q

HCV is a member of what family?

presentation

A

flavivirus (HCV yellow fever, dengue fever, St louis encephalopathy, West nile)
- ssRNA, enveloped (+) strand

creates HCV

90
Q

yellow fever is a member of what family

presentation (3)

A

flavivirus (HCV yellow fever, dengue fever, St louis encephalopathy, West nile)
- ssRNA, enveloped (+) strand

high fever
black vomitus and other hemorragic presentations(petechia, epistaxis)
jaundice

W/in the aides mosquito, high mortality rate >50%

91
Q

presentation of high fever, black vomit and jaundice be concerned of

caught by

A

yellow fever - > 50% mortality

bite of infected aides mosquito

92
Q

Dengue fever family?

presentation

A

flavivirus (HCV yellow fever, dengue fever, St louis encephalopathy, West nile)
- ssRNA, enveloped (+) strand

break bone fever,
muslce and joint pain
HA
retro-orbital pain

hemorragic fever is feared complication
- test w/ turniquet test, transferred by mosquitos

93
Q

patient presents w/ severe fever, muscle and joint pain and retro orbital pain?

what is on site test you can do

A

dengue fever, mosquitos

Tournequte test - excess petechia w/ occlusion w/ a BP cuff between SBP and DBP -> increased capillary wall fragility

94
Q

St louis encephalitis family?

caused by?

A

flavivirus (HCV yellow fever, dengue fever, St louis encephalopathy, West nile)
- ssRNA, enveloped (+) strand

arbovirus

95
Q

West nile virus family?

Presentation

  • usually ((5)
  • Complicated (4)
A

flavivirus (HCV yellow fever, dengue fever, St louis encephalopathy, West nile)
- ssRNA, enveloped (+) strand

usually only HA, malaise, low back pain, myalgia and anorexia for 3-6 days

complicated; meningitis +/- encephalitis w/ muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis, alterations of consciousness

96
Q

Diagnose of acute W Nile virus w?

A

IgM antibodies in CSF or serum. many have been exposed -> IgG already present

usually only HA, malaise, low back pain, myalgia and anorexia for 3-6 days

97
Q

Natural reservoir of W Nile virus

Rx?

A

Birds, humans are incidental hosts

supportive

98
Q

retrovirus family contains (2)

description

A

HIV
HTLV - t cell leukemia

ssRNA virus (+) stranded w/ reverse transcriptase

99
Q

Tolgvirus family contains (3)

description

A

Rubella
western equine encphalopathy
eastern equine encphalopathy

ssRNA virus (+) strand

100
Q

Cause of the german measles and presentation

A

rubella (tolgavirsu) - 3 days

fever
postauricalar LAD *
arthralgias and fine truncal rash (head -> down)

child does not act as ill as the presentation

101
Q

Congenital infection of rubella(3)

A

cataracts
deafness
cardiac - PDA and pulmonary stenosis

102
Q

infant w/?

cataracts, deafness, and cardiac - PDA and pulmonary stenosis

A

Rubella infection

103
Q

Coronavirus family contains?

Description

A

coronavirus -. 2nd most common cause of common cold

ssRNA (+) strand

Only helical capsid of all the ssRNA (+) strands

104
Q

influenza family

description?

what 2 viral antigens of importance

A

orthomyxoviruses - enveloped, (-) stranded, ssRNA, SEGMENTED

hemagluttinin - promotes viral entry

neuraminidase - promotes viral release

105
Q

hemagluttin

A

influenza viral antigen that promotes viral entry

106
Q

neuraminidase

A

influenza viral antigen prevents viral relase

107
Q

Cause of influenza pandemics where strands of the flu can infect where they normally couldn’t

Mechanism

A

Genetic Shift

due to gene resortment w/ segmants undergoing high frequency recombination

ex when a pig and human flu virus co-infect a cell and get new

108
Q

Genetic drift

A

the regular process of random mutation responsible for yearly flu changes

109
Q

Drugs used in the prevention of influenza(2)

A

Zanamivir

oseltamivir

110
Q

Drugs that block flu viral uncoating but no longer work (2)

A

amantadine

rimantidine

111
Q

Rx for hep C (2)

A

Ribavarin and IFN alpha

112
Q

Uses of ribavarin(2)

A

hep c

RSC

113
Q

Avian influenza

presentation
and Rx?

A

H5N1,

spread only bird to human

URI, GI, fever, pancytopenia, elevated AST/ALT

rx: oseltamivir

114
Q

Swine flu

presentation and Rx?

A

H1N1

typical flu and GI symptoms

Rx- seltamivir or zanamivir to high risk/severely ill

115
Q

Paramyxoviruses (3)

description

A

PRM(x2) in the name
ssRNA enveloped virus (-) stranded

Parainfluenza -> croup
RSV
Measles
Mumps

116
Q

barking cough ->respiratory distress in a kid 6 months - 3 yrs

Rx?

A

parainfluenza (parmyxoviruses family)

croup, also have inspiratory stridor

Rx w/ cool mist, racemic Epi, dexamethasone, oxygen

117
Q

Steeple sign on x ray

A

croup - parainfluenza

118
Q

brassy cough, wheezing and respiratory distress that may mimic asthma

more common in what time of year?

A

RSV

Winter

119
Q

RSV family?

Presentation and Rx?

A

paramyxoviruses (PRM2 - parainfluenza, RSV, Mumps, measles) - ssRNA, enveloped, (-) stranded

brassy cough in an infant, wheezing, respiratory digress ~asthma ( bronchiolitis +/- pneumonia)

contains Fusion protein (F protein) -> syncita formation

120
Q

Parainfluenza is part of what family?

A

paramyxoviruses (PRM2 - parainfluenza, RSV, Mumps, measles) - ssRNA, enveloped, (-) stranded

causes croup

121
Q

palivizumab

A

given to preemies during the winter months to prevent RSV

protects against F protein in paramycoxivirus

122
Q

Rx for RSV

A

Albuterol or racemetric epinephrine
Supplemental oxygen

Ribavarin NOT to be used in children generally, maybe adults especially after a bone marrow transplant

123
Q

measles family?

presentation(3)

A

paramyxoviruses (PRM2 - parainfluenza, RSV, Mumps, measles) - ssRNA, enveloped, (-) stranded

1st. cough, coryza(runny nose), conjunctivitis
2. Koplik spots
3. Descending maculopapular rash starting from the neck

124
Q

measles complications (4)

A

encephalitis

  • subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
  • seizure, ataxia,
  • can occur 6-7 yrs after initial infection

fetal loss

premature delivery

giant cell pneumonia (syntia w/ F protein of paramyxovirus family)

125
Q

Mumps family

presentation? (3)

A

paramyxoviruses (PRM2 - parainfluenza, RSV, Mumps, measles) - ssRNA, enveloped, (-) stranded

Parotitis (uni or bilateral)
Orchitis - concern of sterility
aseptic meningitis

126
Q

Causes of aseptic meningitis (4)

A

coxsackie
echo
enterovirus…
mumps

127
Q

Hanta virus family

presentation

infection w/ exposure to?

A

part of bunyaviruses - ssRNA, CIRCULAR, helical

hemorrhagic fever
pneumonia
acute respiratory distress
progressive pulmonary edema

aerosolized rodent urine (Utah, NM, Colorado, Arizona)

128
Q

Rabies virus family?

Presentation

A

rhabdovirus - ssRNA, enveloped, linear, helical

bullet shaped virus

  1. fever, malaise, HA
  2. agitation, strange behavior, photophobia, hydrophobia
  3. hallucination,s paralysis, coma and DEATh

Long incubation time

129
Q

negri bodies

A

cytoplasmic inclusions in neurons w/ infected virus as it makes its way retrograde fashion to the CNS

bullet shaped

130
Q

HIV virus uses what protein to bind to macrophages and T cells?

What are the co-receptors(2)

A

viral gp120 binds to CD4 surface marker

-> conformational change and binding to co-receptors CCR5 (early - dendrites/macrophages) and CXCR4 (later - CD4 cells)

131
Q

gp120

A

HIV viral envelope protein for docking w/ co receptor (CCR5- maroviroc or CXCR4)

env gene

132
Q

gp41

A

HIV viral envelope protein for fusion and entry (enfuvfirtide)

env gene

133
Q

env gene

A

HIV gene for gp 120 and gp 41 for docking and fusion respectfully

134
Q

p24

A

HIV viral protein responsible for the capsid

gag gene

135
Q

gag gene

A

HIV viral gene encoding for capsid protein

p24

136
Q

pol gene

A

HIV viral gene encoding for integrase and reverse transcriptase

137
Q

Homozygous CCR5 mutation means

A

a patient is immune to HIV infection w/ CCR5 tropism

138
Q

Why are babies false positive for HIV when born from positive mothers?

what test is done to differentiate

A

b/c babies blood may have IgG antibodies which are used to detect the disease w/ an ELISA may be present

use PCR to measure viral load to determine if actually infected

139
Q

AIDS is assigned to an HIV patient when (3)

A

CD4 < 14%

140
Q

Window period in HIV is due to

A

timeframe from infection to actual development of antibodies made and detectable in the serum

1-3 months

141
Q

Malignancies predisposed in HIV positive pts(3)

A

Kaposi sarcoma - > HHV8
- increase in blood vessel production
~bascilliary angiomatois (bartenella hensla infection)

Non - hodgkin Lymphoma -> associated w/ EBV

  • primary CNS tume
  • large B cell lymphoma
  • EBV associated

Squamous cell carcinoma
- HPV 16 and 18

142
Q

Oral infections associated w/ HIV (5)

A 
HSV - ulcers
CMV - lesions
Candidia - thrush
EBV - oral hairy leukoplakia
Esophagitis - candidia
143
Q

Pneumocystis jirovecii is a concern in HIV when

Rx?

A

CD4 < 200

TMP:SMX

144
Q

Histoplasma capsulatam in HIV vs immune comp

A

immune comp
= mild pulmonary disease, bird or bat drop pins in Ohio/Missisippi river basen

HIV
- systemic disease w/ Fever and cough

145
Q

Ring enhancing lesion on Brain MRI in an HIV patient think of?

A

Toxoplasmosis

Primary CNS lymphoma

146
Q

CD4 less than 50 and see cotton wool spots on the retina in an HIV patient

A

CNV retinitis

147
Q

CMV retinitis

A

cotton wool spots on retina in an HIV positive patent w/ CD4<50

148
Q

Progressive multifocal leukoenecphalapothy is?

A

JC virus reactivation in HIV patient w/ CD4 demylination

149
Q

Meningitis in an HIV patient

A

cryptococcal meningitis

150
Q

Severe diarrhea in an HIV patient w/ acid fast cysts in the stool

A

cryptosporidium

151
Q

HIV dementia is?

A

directly associated w/ the virus

152
Q

Tuberculosis like disease in an HIV patient
rx?

CD4 count is where?

A

Mycobacterium avum
Azithromycin

CD4 < 50

153
Q

Toxoplasmosis prophylaxis in an HIV patient begins when and w/ what

A

CD4 <100

TMP;SMX

154
Q

Protease inhibitors (9)

A 
Lopinavir
Ataznavir
Darunavir
Fosamprenavir
Saquinavir
Ritonavir
Indinavir
Nelfinavir
Tipranivir
155
Q

Class of Antiretrovirals w/ GI intollerance

A

protease inhibitors

156
Q

Class of antiretrovirals that block Cyp P 450

especially?

A

protease inhibitors

ritonavir

157
Q

class of antiretrovirals that have lipodystrophy

A

protease inhibitors

also jyperlipidemia, and hypertriglycemia

158
Q

nephrolithithias confers w/ these protease inhibitors(2)

A

indinavir

atazanavir

159
Q

increased bilirubin w/ this protease inhibitor

A

atazanavir

160
Q

Pancreatitis concerns w/ these antiretrovirals (2)

A

didanosine (NRTI)

ritonavir (PI)

161
Q

NRTIs(7)

A 
Tenovir
Emtricitabine
Abacavir
lamivudine
Zidovudine
didanosine
stavudine
162
Q

Bone marrow suppression is a big concern w/ this ARV

A

zidovudine

163
Q

NRTI that does not need to phosphorylated to work

A

Tenofovir

164
Q

lactic acidosis is a class risk of this ARV

A

NRTIs

165
Q

Hepatic steatosis is a risk of these 2 NRTIs

A

didanosine and stavudine

NRTIs

166
Q

peripheral neuropathy is a risk w/ which ARVs

A

NRTIs - didanosine, stavudine, zalcitabine

167
Q

NNRTIs(5)

A 
Nevirapine
Efavirenz
Delavirdine
Etravine
Rilpivirine

they all have a V in them (vudine’s are NRTIs)

168
Q

Efavienz is associated w. what additional SFx (3)

A

neuropsychaitic symptoms
false + canaboid
teratogenic

169
Q

Rash is a problem w/ what ARV class

A

NNRTIs

170
Q

SFx of raltegravir

A

Inhibits HIV genome integration into host cell chromosome by binding to integrase

Nausea, rash and myopathy

171
Q

What drug must tropism test be done 1st

A

Maraviroc

172
Q

Injection site run and increased risk of bacterial pneumonia associated w/ this ARV

A

enfuvirtide

HIV fusion inhibitor

173
Q

Which 2 HIV viral envelope proteins are directly or indirectly blocked by ARVs

A

gp41 blocked by enfuvirtide

gp100 blocked by maraviroc binding to CCR5 tropism HIV viral dna ( blocks the co-receptor)

174
Q

councilman bodies

A

apoptotic liver cells seen w/ yellow fever or viral hepatitis

Micro (2 decks)

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