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Organic Chemistry Lab > Micro Person-Person Transmitted Disease > Flashcards

Micro Person-Person Transmitted Disease Flashcards

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1
Q

Strep Pneumonia

A
  • Streptococcus pneumonia, Gram +, encapsulated
  • Bacterial pneumonia
  • Alpha hemolysis
  • Often cause of death for elderly due to respiratory failure
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2
Q

Strep Pneumonia Symptoms

A
  • cough with green/yellow mucus
  • fever
  • sweating
  • chills
  • rapid pulse
  • extreme tiredness
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3
Q

Strep Pneumonia Treatment

A
  • 30% resistant to Penicillin
  • Sensitive Vancomycin
  • PREVNAR 13 vaccine for those over 60yo
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4
Q

Meningitis

A
  • Neisseria meningitides, Gram - diplococci
  • Occurs in epidemics
  • Identify with blood or cerebrospinal/lumbar puncture
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5
Q

Meningitis Symptoms

A
  • Headache
  • Vomiting
  • Stiff neck
  • Coma and death within day if untreated
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6
Q

Chicken Pox

A
  • Varicella zoster, enveloped dsDNA herpesvirus
  • Spread via droplets and contact with blister
  • Enters respiratory tract and multiplies, viremia
  • Establishes lifelong infection in nerve cells and moves to skin later as shingles
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7
Q

Chicken Pox Treatment

A
  • Treat symptoms
  • Live attenuated vaccine
  • Shingles vaccine for those >50yo
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8
Q

Meningitis Treatment

A
  • IV penicillin
  • Vaccine available from purified polysaccharide
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9
Q

Herpes Simplex virus

A
  • dsDNA enveloped virus
  • Results in HSV1, HSV2, neonatal HSV, Whitlow’s HSV
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10
Q

Staph Aureus

A
  • Staphylococcus aureus, Gram + clusters
  • Halotolerant
  • Resists drying and spreads through dust
  • Pyogenic (pus forming)
  • Identify on MSA plates and Beta hemolysis on blood agar
  • PCR for MRSA
  • Leads to bacteremia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, toxic shock syndrome
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11
Q

Hepatitis

A
  • Caused by viruses A,B,C,D,E, or bacteria
  • Destruction of the liver/cirrhosis
  • Liver cancer
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12
Q

Hepatitis Symptoms

A
  • Jaundice
  • Flu-like symptoms
  • Fatigue
  • Abdominal pain
  • Loss of appetite
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13
Q

Hepatitis A

A
  • Negative ssRNA
  • Vaccine
  • Acute symptoms
  • Spread via food
  • No treatment, self-limited
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14
Q

Hepatitis B

A
  • dsDNA
  • Vaccine
  • Acute and chronic symptoms
  • Oncogenic
  • Parenteral
  • Hepsera for chronic symptoms/antiviral
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15
Q

Hepatitis C

A
  • Positive ssRNA
  • No vaccine
  • Chronic symptoms, oncogenic
  • Parenteral
  • Combination of antiviral and transplant for treatment
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16
Q

Hepatitis D

A
  • Negative ssRNA
  • No vaccine
  • Fulminant - severe and sudden
  • Parenteral
  • Interferon infusions for treatment
17
Q

Hepatitis E

A
  • Positive ssRNA
  • No vaccine
  • Fulminant - severe and sudden
  • Spread via water
  • No/self-limited treatment
18
Q

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

A
  • Lentivirus/type of retrovirus
  • +ssRNA enveloped
  • Transmitted via sexual intercourse and blood
  • Presents as AIDs (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)
  • Symptoms depend on how much virus is present and how many T-cells are present
19
Q

Abscesses/Boils

A
  • Staph infection
  • Red/swollen area of skin with pus
20
Q

Abscesses/Boils Treatment

A

-Drain
-IV Clindamycin

21
Q

Cellulitis

A
  • Staph infection of deeper layers of skin
  • Redness and swelling
  • No pus
22
Q

Cellulitis Treatment

A
  • Oral Clindamycin
23
Q

Folliculitis

A
  • Staph infection
  • Pimple-like blister in hair follicle
24
Q

Folliculitis Treatment

A
  • Topical Mupirocin
25
Q

Impetigo

A
  • Staph infection
    -Painful rash with fluid-filled blisters
    -Ooze fluid
    -Honeycomb crust
26
Q

Impetigo Treatment

A
  • Topical Mupirocin
27
Q

Scalded Skin Syndrome

A
  • Staph infection
  • Rash, fever, blisters, and peeling on babies and young children
28
Q

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus

A

-MecA gene allows Staph to make peptidoglycan even in presence of penicillin
-Treat with Vancomycin

29
Q

HIV Symptoms

A
  • Early: fatigue and weight loss
  • Later: neurological, opportunistic infections from other microbes
30
Q

HIV Treatment

A
  • HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy)
31
Q

HSV1

A
  • Caused by direct facial contact with lesion secretions
  • Creates lesions on oropharynx
  • Cold sores
  • Resides latently in trigeminal ganglion; reactivated by stress
32
Q

HSV Treatment

A
  • Antiviral acyclovir
  • Not a cure, just reduces sores
33
Q

HSV2

A
  • Caused by direct sexual contact with lesion secretion
  • Creates lesions on genitalia
  • Resides latently in sacral ganglion; reactivated by stress
34
Q

Neonatal HSV

A
  • Often fatal
  • Transferred to baby during delivery
35
Q

Herpetic Whitlow

A
  • Type of HSV
  • Medical/dental staff exposure to patient secretions

Organic Chemistry Lab (5 decks)

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