Micro-organisms Flashcards
What are the 5 kingdoms of all living things?
Animals
Plants
Fungi
Protista
Monera
Example of a virus?
Coronavirus/covid 19
Example of bacteria?
Tuberculosis or T.B
Example of a protist?
Malaria
Example of fungi?
Mushrooms
What do you need to see a virus?
An election microscope
What is a virus not classified as?
A living organism
What does a virus attack?
The host cell
What does a virus do once attached to the host cell?
Reproduce copies of the virus
It getting AIDS instantaneous?
No, it can take many years to form
What does AIDS stand for?
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
What are micro-organisms that cause diseases called?
Pathogens
How is HIV transmitted?
Unprotected sex
HIV infected mother to unborn baby
Breast milk from infected mother to baby
Contact with infected blood
What medication is taken to prevent HIV from spreading quickly?
Anti-retroviral drugs (ARV’s)
Where is bacteria found?
Everywhere
True or false, bacteria is smaller than viruses
False
What can bacteria do quickly?
Reproduce
What do scientists use to grow bacteria?
Agar
What are the 3 shapes of bacteria?
Round
Rod-shaped
Spiral
What can bacteria be useful for?
Decomposition
Recycling nutrients
Breaking down food during digestion
What is dependant on bacteria?
Making cheese and milk
What medicine was made out of bacteria?
Antibiotics
How is T.B transmitted?
Through the mucus and saliva that travels through the air when an infected person sneezes or coughs. Another person inhales these
Can T.B kill if left untreated?
Yes
Symptoms of T.B:
Persistent cough
Chest pains
Tiredness
Night sweats
Weight loss
What is TB treated with?
Antibiotics
How long should the TB infected patient be taking antibiotics?
6 months
What are protista?
Small plant or animal-like micro organisms that live underwater
What are plant-like protists useful for?
Photosynthesising, producing food and oxygen
Example of a animal-like protist?
Amoeba
What does a flagella look and move like?
It has a long tail that moves like a whip
What does a cilia look and move like?
Short hairs make wave movements
What is the difference between a plant-like protista and an animal-like one?
The plant-like is a producer and the animal-like has to catch their own food
What can protists cause?
Sleeping sickness and malaria
How does a mosquito contract malaria?
When she feeds on the blood of an infected person
How does someone get malaria?
When a female anopheles mosquito injects some infected saliva into the bloodstream
How does malaria spread in the body?
The malaria infects the red blood cells which burst and then spread through the body and infect more red blood cells
Symptoms of malaria?
Dairrhea
Headaches
Cough
Fever
Chills and shivers
Aches
Sweats
Vomiting
How do you prevent malaria?
Taking anti-malarial medicine
Using insect repellents
Using a mosquito net
What are fungi in the ecosystem?
Decomposers (feed on dead plants and animals)
What can fungi be used for?
To make antibiotics such as penicillin
What can un-useful fungi cause?
Ringworm and athlete’s foot
Where to fungi like to grow?
Places warm and moist
What does pasteurisation do?
Reduces the number of micro-organisms that cause food-born diseases
What dies penicillin do?
Kills bacteria
