Micro Infection drugs

Question 1

Antibiotics that cause C. Diff

Answer 1

• Clindamycin
• Ampicillin, Amoxicillin
• Cephalosporin
• Fluoroquinolones

Question 2

C. Diff

Answer 2

• DOC: Oral vancomycin or Fidaxomicin
• Metronidazole

Question 3

Traveler’s diarrhea (ETEC)

Answer 3

Ciprofloxacin

Question 4

B. Fragilis intra-abdominal infections

Answer 4

Metronidazole

Carbapenems

Clindamycin

B-lactam + B-lactamase inhibitor

Question 5

Giardia

Answer 5

Metronidazole

Question 6

Campylobacter Jejuni

Answer 6

Azithromycin

Question 7

E. Coli

Answer 7

Cephalosporins, Fluoroquinolones

Question 8

C. Perfringens

Answer 8

Penicillin +/- Clindamycin

Question 9

Enterobacter spp

Answer 9

Carbapenem, Cefepime

Question 10

Enterococcus spp.

Answer 10

Amipicillin +/- Gentamicin

Vancomycin +/- Gentamicin

Question 11

Salmonella Typhi

Answer 11

Ceftriaxone or Fluoroquinolone

Question 12

S. Aureus or Epidermis

Methicillin-susceptible

Answer 12

Nafcillin, Oxacillin, or dicloxacillin (antistaph)

Question 13

S. Aureus or Epidermis

Methicillin-resistant

Answer 13

Vancomycin, Linezolid

Question 14

S. Epidermidis

Answer 14

Vancomycin

Question 15

GAS pharyngitis

Answer 15

Penicillin V

children? Amoxicillin (tastes better)

Question 16

GAS with a penicillin allergy

Answer 16

• type I HSN allergy: azithromycin, clarithromycin, clindamycin
• non-type I HSN: 1st gen cephalosporin- cephalexin

Question 17

Bacterial sinusitis/otitis media

Answer 17

Amoxicillin

Question 18

CAP Empirical Treatment:

outpatient, previously healthy
no antimicrobials within last 3 months

Answer 18

• macrolide (erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, telithromycin)
• doxycycline

Question 19

CAP Empirical Treatment:

outpatient - but presence of comorbidities / immunosuppressed/
use of IC drugs/ antimicrobials in the last 3 months

or

inpatient, non-ICU

Answer 19

• respiratory fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin)
• B-lactam (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ampicillin-sulbactam) + macrolide (TACE -mycin)

Question 20

CAP Empirical Treatment:

inpatient, ICU

Answer 20

B-lactam + azithromycin or respiratory fluoroquinolone

penicillin allergy patients?
respiratory fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin) + aztreonam

Question 21

aspiration pneumonia (anaerobes)

Answer 21

DOC: Clindamycin

2. metronidazole

Question 22

Bordetella pertussis

Answer 22

Macrolide

Question 23

Chlamydia pneuomiae

Answer 23

macrolide or doxcycline

Question 24

hemophilus influenzae (otitis media, sinusitis) 
non-b-lactamase producing

Answer 24

Amoxicillin

Question 25

``` hemophilus influenzae (otitis media, sinusitis) b-lactamase producing ```

Answer 25

2nd/3rd gen cephalosporin or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (child)

Question 26

klebsiella pneumoniae

Answer 26

ceftriaxone, cefotaxime

Question 27

Legionella sp.

Answer 27

fluoroquinolones or azithromycin

Question 28

moraxella catarrhalis

Answer 28

amoxicillin-clavulonic acid or 2nd/3rd gen cephalosporins or co-trimoxazole

Question 29

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 29

macrolide or doxycycline

Question 30

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 30

**DOC:** Piperacillin or Ciproflaxacin 2: levofloxacin, aztreonam, aminoglycoside

Question 31

strep pneumoniae penicillin non-resistant

Answer 31

**DOC: Pen G, amoxicillin** 2: cephalosporin, clindamycin, fluoroquinoline, macrolide, cotrimoxazole

Question 32

strep pneumoniae penicillin resistant

Answer 32

Ceftriaxone (uncomplicated cases) or Resp Fluoroquinolones or Macrolides

Question 33

tularemia

Answer 33

streptomycin

Question 34

DOC for uncomplicated UTI or simple cystitis

Answer 34

**Co-trimoxazole** Alternatives: Ciprofloxacin Nitrofurantoin Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid

Question 35

DOC uncomplicated UTI or simple cystitis in **pregnancy**

Answer 35

* **Penicillins** (eg, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid) * **Cephalosporins** (eg, cephalexin, cefuroxime) * **Nitrofurantoin** (not after 38 weeks gestation - risk of hemolytic anemia) * **Sulfonamides** (not close to term - risk of kernicterus)

Question 36

acute bacterial prostatitis

Answer 36

Fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin or ciprofloxacin) Co-trimoxazole Doxycycline *NB. Remember penicillins do not reach therapeutic concentrations within the prostate*

Question 37

Syphilis

Answer 37

Penicillin G Benzathine

Question 38

Gonorrhea (STD)

Answer 38

Ceftriaxone

Question 39

Chlamydia (STD)

Answer 39

Azithromycin or Doxycycline

Question 40

Trichomoniasis (STD)

Answer 40

Metronidazole

Question 41

Gardnerella Vaginalis

Answer 41

Metronidazole

Question 42

Bacterial Vaginosis

Answer 42

Metronidazole

Question 43

Proteus Mirabilis UTI

Answer 43

Sulfonamides