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Pharmacology > Micro Infection drugs > Flashcards

Micro Infection drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Antibiotics that cause C. Diff

A
  • Clindamycin
  • Ampicillin, Amoxicillin
  • Cephalosporin
  • Fluoroquinolones
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2
Q

C. Diff

A
  • DOC: Oral vancomycin or Fidaxomicin
  • Metronidazole
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3
Q

Traveler’s diarrhea (ETEC)

A

Ciprofloxacin

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4
Q

B. Fragilis intra-abdominal infections

A

Metronidazole

Carbapenems

Clindamycin

B-lactam + B-lactamase inhibitor

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5
Q

Giardia

A

Metronidazole

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6
Q

Campylobacter Jejuni

A

Azithromycin

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7
Q

E. Coli

A

Cephalosporins, Fluoroquinolones

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8
Q

C. Perfringens

A

Penicillin +/- Clindamycin

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9
Q

Enterobacter spp

A

Carbapenem, Cefepime

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10
Q

Enterococcus spp.

A

Amipicillin +/- Gentamicin

Vancomycin +/- Gentamicin

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11
Q

Salmonella Typhi

A

Ceftriaxone or Fluoroquinolone

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12
Q

S. Aureus or Epidermis

Methicillin-susceptible

A

Nafcillin, Oxacillin, or dicloxacillin (antistaph)

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13
Q

S. Aureus or Epidermis

Methicillin-resistant

A

Vancomycin, Linezolid

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14
Q

S. Epidermidis

A

Vancomycin

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15
Q

GAS pharyngitis

A

Penicillin V

children? Amoxicillin (tastes better)

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16
Q

GAS with a penicillin allergy

A
  • type I HSN allergy: azithromycin, clarithromycin, clindamycin
  • non-type I HSN: 1st gen cephalosporin- cephalexin
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17
Q

Bacterial sinusitis/otitis media

A

Amoxicillin

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18
Q

CAP Empirical Treatment:

outpatient, previously healthy
no antimicrobials within last 3 months

A
  • macrolide (erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, telithromycin)
  • doxycycline
19
Q

CAP Empirical Treatment:

outpatient - but presence of comorbidities / immunosuppressed/
use of IC drugs/ antimicrobials in the last 3 months

or

inpatient, non-ICU

A
  • respiratory fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin)
  • B-lactam (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ampicillin-sulbactam) + macrolide (TACE -mycin)
20
Q

CAP Empirical Treatment:

inpatient, ICU

A

B-lactam + azithromycin or respiratory fluoroquinolone

penicillin allergy patients?
respiratory fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin) + aztreonam
21
Q

aspiration pneumonia (anaerobes)

A

DOC: Clindamycin

  1. metronidazole
22
Q

Bordetella pertussis

A

Macrolide

23
Q

Chlamydia pneuomiae

A

macrolide or doxcycline

24
Q 
hemophilus influenzae (otitis media, sinusitis) 
non-b-lactamase producing
A

Amoxicillin

25
Q 
hemophilus influenzae (otitis media, sinusitis) 
b-lactamase producing
A

2nd/3rd gen cephalosporin or
amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (child)

26
Q

klebsiella pneumoniae

A

ceftriaxone, cefotaxime

27
Q

Legionella sp.

A

fluoroquinolones or azithromycin

28
Q

moraxella catarrhalis

A

amoxicillin-clavulonic acid or
2nd/3rd gen cephalosporins or
co-trimoxazole

29
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

macrolide or doxycycline

30
Q

pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

DOC: Piperacillin or Ciproflaxacin

2: levofloxacin, aztreonam, aminoglycoside

31
Q

strep pneumoniae penicillin non-resistant

A

DOC: Pen G, amoxicillin

2: cephalosporin, clindamycin, fluoroquinoline, macrolide, cotrimoxazole

32
Q

strep pneumoniae penicillin resistant

A

Ceftriaxone (uncomplicated cases) or Resp Fluoroquinolones or Macrolides

33
Q

tularemia

A

streptomycin

34
Q

DOC for uncomplicated UTI or simple cystitis

A

Co-trimoxazole

Alternatives:
Ciprofloxacin
Nitrofurantoin
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid

35
Q

DOC uncomplicated UTI or simple cystitis in pregnancy

A
  • Penicillins (eg, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid)
  • Cephalosporins (eg, cephalexin, cefuroxime)
  • Nitrofurantoin (not after 38 weeks gestation - risk of hemolytic anemia)
  • Sulfonamides (not close to term - risk of kernicterus)
36
Q

acute bacterial prostatitis

A

Fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin or ciprofloxacin)

Co-trimoxazole

Doxycycline

NB. Remember penicillins do not reach therapeutic concentrations within the prostate

37
Q

Syphilis

A

Penicillin G Benzathine

38
Q

Gonorrhea (STD)

A

Ceftriaxone

39
Q

Chlamydia (STD)

A

Azithromycin or Doxycycline

40
Q

Trichomoniasis (STD)

A

Metronidazole

41
Q

Gardnerella Vaginalis

A

Metronidazole

42
Q

Bacterial Vaginosis

A

Metronidazole

43
Q

Proteus Mirabilis UTI

A

Sulfonamides

Pharmacology (19 decks)

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