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bahleted > Micro anatomy of muscle > Flashcards

Micro anatomy of muscle Flashcards

0
Q

What serves as attachment for actin myofilaments

A

Z disk

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1
Q

What is a z disk

A

Filamentous network of protein

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2
Q

Describe the beginning and end point of the I band

A

From the end of one myosin to the beginning of the next

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3
Q

A bands are the length of the

A

Myosin myofilament from end to end

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4
Q

Describe the H zone

A

A portion of the a band where actin and myosin don’t overlap

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5
Q

What denotes the middle of the h zone and is the delicate filaments that hold what in place

A

M line holds myosin myofilaments in place

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6
Q

Which section of the sarcomere contains only actin?

A

I band

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7
Q

The A band contains

A

The actin and myosin overlap

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8
Q

Where would you find only myosin?

A

H zone

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9
Q

Titin filaments

A

Elastic chains of amino acids

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10
Q

What is responsible for making muscles extensible and elastic

A

Titin filaments

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11
Q

A ______ is an axon terminal resting in an invagination of the ________

A

Synapse – sarcolemma

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12
Q

Name the three components of a neuromuscular junction

A

Presynaptic terminal
Synaptic cleft
Post synaptic membrane

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13
Q

An axon terminal with presynaptic vesicles is called

A

Presynaptic terminal

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14
Q

The space between the presynaptic terminal and the post synaptic membrane is called

A

Synaptic cleft

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15
Q

The post synaptic membrane is aka

A

Motor end plate

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16
Q

______ in the presynaptic terminal form and release the neurotransmitter _______

A

Synaptic vesicles

Acetylcholine (Ach)

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17
Q

A degrading enzyme in the synaptic cleft is

A

Acetylchoninesterase

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18
Q

How does the sliding filament model work?

A

Actin and myosin don’t shorten, the sarcomeres do=skeletal muscle cntx
Actin myofilaments slide over the myosin to shorten sarcomeres

19
Q

Sarcomeres

A

Z disk to z disk

20
Q

During relaxation, what causes the sarcomeres to lengthen

A

Some external force like cntx of antagonistic muscles

21
Q

How does the nervous system control the muscle cntx

A

Action potentials and release of neurotransmitter chemical

22
Q

Describe resting membrane potential

A

Because more + charged particles exist immediately outside the cell membrane and more - charged particles exist immediately inside the cell membrane, there is a voltage difference btwn the inside and outside of the membrane

23
Q

What is the resting membrane potential of skeletal muscle cells

A

~-85 mV

24
Q

What are the types of ion channels

A

Ligand gated and voltage gated

25
Q

The neurotransmitter chemical binds to what type of receptor

A

Ach (acetylcholine) binds to ligand-gated ion channels

26
Q

What causes voltage-gated Na+ channels to open

A

Small voltage changes across the plasma membrane

27
Q

name the 7 functions of the muscle system

A 
maintenance of posture
heart beat
movement
respiration
production of body heat
communication
constriction of organs and vessels
28
Q

what are the four properties of muscle

A

contractability
excitabiltity
extensibility
elasticity

29
Q

describe muscle elasticity

A

the ability to stretch and recoil to its original resting length

30
Q

describe muscle excitability

A

capacity to respond to stimulus

31
Q

describe contractility

A

ability of muscle to shorten

32
Q

describe extensibility

A

muscle can be stretched to its normal resting length and beyond to a limited degree

33
Q

what is a muscle fiber?

A

a muscle cell

34
Q

what is the connective tissue that surrounds individual muscles and groups of muscles

A

muscular fascia

35
Q

deep to the fascia is a layer of connective tissue called the

A

epimyseum

36
Q

a muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles of _____ called _____ which are surrounded by a layer of connective tissue called _____

A

fibers
fasciculi
perimyseum

37
Q

an _______ and 1 or 2 _______ extend together with a ______ through the connective tissue layers of skeletal muscles

A

artery
veins
neuron

38
Q

what supplies blood to and surrounds the muscle fibers?

A

capillary beds

39
Q

what types of multinucleated cells produe muscle fibers

A

myoblasts

40
Q

hypertrophy

A

enlargement of muscles after birth in children and adults

41
Q

the plasma membrane of the muscle fiber

A

sarcolemma

42
Q

what is the superior layer of the sarcolemma called?

A

endomysium

43
Q

transverse tubules

A

t tubules, invaginations of the sarcolemma

44
Q

myofibril

A

bundles of myofilaments that extend from one end of the muscle fiber to the other

bahleted (6 decks)

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