Micro

Question 1

pediculosis is caused by:

Answer 1

three types of lice (head, body, pubic)

Question 2

who primarily gets headlice and where

Answer 2

schoolkids, behind ears

Question 3

who primarily gets body lice and when does it itch

Answer 3

homeless, at night

Question 4

who primarily gets pubic lice and what itches

Answer 4

promiscuous, groin

Question 5

how do you diagnose lice

Answer 5

eye, magnifying glass, microscope

Question 6

(head and body/pubic) lice are wide

Answer 6

pubic (crabs)

Question 7

(head and body/pubic) lice are elongated

Answer 7

head and body

Question 8

tx for pubic lice

Answer 8

nit combing, hot laundering, AND perform full STD panel

Question 9

how do you see Treponema

Answer 9

darkfield microscope (no Gram stain)

Question 10

Treponema (can/cannot) be cultured

Answer 10

cannot

Question 11

Treponema inflammation (high/low)

Answer 11

low. virulence is based on immune evasion

Question 12

(T. pallidum/yaws and pinta) transmitted by direct contact

Answer 12

yaws and pinta. T. pallidum is transmitted sexually or congenitally

Question 13

____ has four-stage disease: primary chancre, secondary body-wide rashes, condylomata lata, and patchy alopecia, latent period, tertiary gummas, neurosyphilis, cardiac involvement

Answer 13

syphilis

Question 14

_____ may be meningitis, tabes dorsalis, general paresis, check for Argyll-Robertson pupil

Answer 14

neurosyphilis

Question 15

_____ _____kills 50% fetus/newborn, survivors are infected, bone deformities, interstitial keratitis, progress rapidly to symptoms of secondary&tertiary syphilis if untreated

Answer 15

congenital syphilis

Question 16

Why is it difficult to diagnose syphilis

Answer 16

symptoms go away in between the different stages…hard to put the pieces together

Question 17

tx for syphilis

Answer 17

penicillin G

Question 18

histology of syphilis lesions shows infiltrate rich in ___ cells

Answer 18

plasma

Question 19

best test for disease-in-progress and for efficacy of treatment of syphilis

Answer 19

serology for reagin (VDRL, RPR)

Question 20

four virulence factors for N gon

Answer 20

IgA protease, pili, LOS, porins A and B, Opa

Question 21

N gon: Gram (+/-), oxidase (+/-), catalase (+/-)

Answer 21

Gram - diplococci, aerobic/facultative, human-restricted, oxidase +, catalase +

Question 22

NAAT preferred for diagnosis of (N gon/syphilis)

Answer 22

N gon

Question 23

two gels for culturing N gon

Answer 23

Thayer-Martin if normal flora, chocolate if normally-sterile (CSF/blood)

Question 24

_____ deficiency predisposes to complications of N gon

Answer 24

complement

Question 25

what does host immune system use to defend against N gon

Answer 25

IgG complement and PMNs

Question 26

asymptomatic/untreated gonococcus in women leads to ___

Answer 26

PID

Question 27

neonates are protected from N gon by

Answer 27

prophylactic eye ointment

Question 28

treat ___ with ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, admit if complications

Answer 28

N gon

Question 29

(N gon/chlamydia/syphilis) small, obligate intracellular bacterium (must use intracellular drugs)

Answer 29

chlamydia

Question 30

how does chlamydia replicate

Answer 30

beginning with tiny, infectious, rugged, elementary bodies which “unpack” into reticulate bodies after infection.

Question 31

Reticulate bodies form intracellular _____that are visible on microscopy; within the inclusions they multiply by binary fission, forming new reticulate bodies and later new elementary bodies.

Answer 31

inclusions (in chlamydia)

Question 32

T3SS is virulence factor used for entry and establishing inclusion body in ____ infection

Answer 32

chlamydia

Question 33

(N gon/chlamydia/syphilis) causes LV, blinding trachoma, and pneumonia

Answer 33

chlamydia

Question 34

preferred lab testing for chlamydia

Answer 34

NAAT, culture also works well

Question 35

tx for chlamydia

Answer 35

doxycycline (tetracyclines) EXCEPT for pregnant/pediatric/allergic patients who get erythromycin