Micro 1 Flashcards
King Paul can only find good spices
Kingdom phylum class order family genus species
Bacteria classification
Prokaryotes
Corynebacterium
Dyptheria
Gray pseudo membrane in throat
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and microbacterium leporae are _________ stain
“My ass is fast”
Zeal nealson stain
Gram negative diplococci
Nisseria
Coffee bean shaped
Green yellow discharge
Mc area is knee
Neisseria
Rice water stools
Vibrio cholera
Only affects intestines; does not go into bloodstream = no lymph node enlargement
Mc cause of diarrhea
Campylobacter
Bacteria in warm moist places
Pseudomonas Aeregenosa
Mc bacteria seen with cystic fibrosis
Pseudomonas Aeregenosa
Bacteria found in hot tub, contact lens, burned wood
Pseudomonas Aeregenosa
Bacteria that has Blue-Green puss
And smells like grape Juice
Pseudomonas Aeregenosa
Procyanins
Bacteria looks florescent under UV light
Pseudomonas Aeregenosa
Cause of boulbonic plaque that wiped out Europe
Pasturella
Vector of Black Death is
Rat feces
Pasteurella
Pertussis
Whooping cough
Bordetella
Bacteria that causes Spontaneous absorption
Brucella Abortis
Rabbit
Squirrel
Hunters
Francissella toulensis
Disease spread by water droplets (AC units)
Legionella dz.
Milder form is Pontiac dz.
Types of spirochetes
Treponema
Borrelia
Leptospira
Syphillis
Treponema palletus
Non Vaneral syphillis
Treponema Pertenu
Lymes dz
Borrelia Burdofi
Bull’s eye rash
Arathema chronicum migranes
Borrelia Burdofi
Lymes dz
White purdulent pus
Chlamydia trachomadas
Bacteria seen in Reactive arthritis and Reiter’s
Chlamydia trachomadas
Atypical pneumonia that lacks cell wall
Mycoplasm
Why is penicillin ineffective on mycoplasm?
Bc mycoplasm lacks cell wall
Cue fever
Coxiella burnetti
Type of rickettsia
Only one that spreads throug milk
Weil Felix negative
What is the vaccine for varicella zoster; shingles
VZV Vaccine
Burkitts lymphoma
Ebstein Barr virus
Mononucleosis
Guarinary bodies
Vaccine from cow pox
Small pox
Hepatitis B likely leads to
Liver cancer
Epidemic in 2002 in China
SARS
Corona virus
Negri bodies in brain
Bullet shaped organism
Rabies virus
EBOLA Virus
5 strains
4 are hemorrhagic
Marburg Virus #1
Chip monks
Prairie dog
Mexico
Huntavirus
Mc diarrhea causing bacteria in children
Rotavirus
Rubella virus
German measles
3 day measels
Togavirus
Eastern equine
West Nile virus
Equine encephalitis
West Nile virus vector
Mosquitoes
Disenteria gastroenteritis on cruise ship
Norwalk virus
Vector is mites
Rickettsia Akari
cause rickettsia Pox
Urban population
Vector us lice
Rickettsia
Rickettsia Prowazeki
Cause Epidemic typhus aka Bril-Zinsser’s dz
Trench fever
Rickettsia Quintana
Bril Zeinners dz
Epidemic typhus
Rickettsia Prowazeki
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Rickettsia rickettsii
Rash on wrist and ankle
Use bug repellant
Rocky Mountain spotted fever vector
Wood tick
Dermacenter Andersoni
Scrub typhus
Vector is mites
Rickettsia tsutsugamushi
Aka R. Orientalis
Murine typhus
Endemic typhus
Rickettsia Typhi (moseri) Vector is flea
All rickettsia are Weil Felix __; vector is _____.
Exception is _____, which is Weil Felix ___
+, living vector
Milk, -
Ringworm on nail
Tinea Unguinum
Ringworm on athletes foot
Tenia Pedis
Ringworm of groin
Jock itch
Tenia Cruris
Ringworm of body
Tenia corporis
Ringworm of scalp
Tinea capitis
Ringworm of beard
Tinea Barbae
Detected using woodlamps (UV light), skin scrapping, KOH solution
Ringworms
Aka dermatophytosis
Fungal elastase
Attacks connective tissue
Fungal in muscle
Proteinase
Fungal ball in lung
Aflatoxin
1’ cause of liver cancer
Aspergillus fumigatus
Vector is nuts and grains
San Joaquin valley fever
Endemic of deserts of southwest
Coccidiomycosis
Mississippi Ohio valley fever
Calcification lesions similar to TB
Histoplasmosis
#1 cause of death in AIDS #1 fungal infection in AIDS
Aids pneumonia
Pneumocystis carinni
Pigeon dropping
Pneumocystis carinni
AIDS
Reason why you should not bring fresh flower to hospitals
Gardeners mc at risk
Sporotrichosis
African sleeping sickness vector and cause
Tsetse fly
Trypanosoma gambiense
Chagas dz
Kissing (reduviid) bug
Trypanosoma Cruzi
Cat feces
Uncooked Meat
First tri of pregnancy
Toxoplanosoma Gondii
Black water fever
Most fatal form
Plasmodium falciparum
Anopheles mosquito
Malaria vector
Anopheles mosquito
Spread: sporozite
Pathological: merozoites
Delhi boil
Vector is sandflies Kala azar (Leishmaniasis)
Beaver fever
Hikers
Drinking stream of after
Giardiasis
Cyst in infective form
Amoebic dysentery
Contaminated food and water
Amebiasis
Entamoeba histolytica
Cyst in infective form
Most common cause of meningitis
E. Coli and Listeria in newborns
Strep. pneumonia
Neisseria Meningities in college age
Most Lethal meningitis and 1’ cause of amoebic meningocephalitis
Naegleria fowleri
Mesophilic bacterias are killed by
Fevers
Chinese letter bacteria
Binary fission
Seen in Diptheria
Pleomorphic
Weil’s syndrome
Hemmoragic jaundice
Vector is contaminated water
Spirochete
Leptospira interrogans aka L. ictohemorrhagica
Lyme’s dz
Borrelia burgdorferi
Vector is deer tick aka Lxodes scapularis
Erythema chronicum migricans aka Bulls eye rash
Recurrent fever
Borrelia recurrentis
Vector is ticks, lice, rabbits
Syphillis
Treponema palladium
Primary syphillis characteristics
Hard painless chancre
Secondary syphillis
Condylomata lata
Flat warts on vulvula
Maculopapular rash
Yaws
Treponema pertenue
Non general syphillis
Skin contact
How do you differentiate Treponemas
Via Dark field microscopy
Otitis media
1’ Haemophilus influenza
2’ Strep. pneumoniae
Otitis external
Swimmers ear
1’ E. Coli
2’ Pseudomonas aerginosa
Gas gangrene
Clostridium perfinges
Aka C. Welchi
Shigella vector
Soil and water
Lockjaw aka Trimus
Inhibits GABA and Glycine
Clostridium tetani
Bang’s dz
Undulant fever
Spontaneous abortions in cattle
Brucella Abortis
Water and milk
Comma shaped
Rice water stool
No lymph node enlargement
Vibrio cholera
Contaminated water
Rose colored spots on abdomen
Hidden in Peters patch in ileum
Widal test
Salmonella Typhi
No fever
2-4 hrs
Creams and custard
S. Aureus
Fever
12-24 hours
Eggs and poultry
Salmonella entrides
Deli meats
Listeria monocytogenes
Mc cause of gastritis, diarrhea and food poisoning
Campylobacter
C. Jejuni
Home canning
Clostridium botulinum Floppy baby sx: prevents ACH To prevent, add nitrates 1st symptom is Diplopia 2nd symptom is death
French rabbits smell tulips
Tuleremia
Francisella tularensis
Rabbits and squirrels
Black Death
Yersinia pestis
Aka Pasteurella pestis
Rat flea aka Xenopsylla cheopsis
Bubos-axillary node enlargement
Dengu fever
Mosquitoes
First sign is arthralgia (joint pain)
Breakbone fever
Yellow fever
Discovered by Walter reed
Vector is Aedes agypti mosquitoes; viscerotropic virus
Group b arbovirus
Yellow fever
Dengu fever
All equine encephalitis are spread via
Mosquitoes
1 death by cancer caused by AIDS
Kaposi sarcoma
Fatty liver encephalopathy
Reye’s syndrome
1 fungal infection in AIDS
Pneumocystis carinni
1 parasitic infection in AIDS
Toxoplasmosis
Virus causes dissemination disease in aids
Cytomegalovirus
Croup and bronchitis
RSV
Respiratory syncytial virus
Parotiditis or mumps affect which CN
CN 7
Affect taste
Seen with mumps
Why can’t we make influenza virus
It has antigenic shift or drift
Causes flu
Spread via rodents and chipmunks
Hantavirus
Bulbar type respiratory paralysis
Affects alpha motor neuron
Spread via oral/fecal
Polio
Koplik spot in buccal mucosa
See bluish white mucosa
Ruby red
Red measels
Rubeola
Pink cauliflower lesion on female genitalia
Molluscum contagiosum
Shingels in adults
Do not cross midline
Heroes zoster
VCV vaccine
3 day measels
Rubella
Mc in 1st pregnancy
Trigeminal ganglion aka
Gasserion ganglion
Type 1 herpes
Fever blister
Most viruses transmit via
Respiratory system
Except Arbovirus, AIDS, Polio, rabies, warts, hepatitis
Protein cost of virus
Capsomere
Capsid
Viral envelope has trilamina lipid membrane
Flukes In bloods
Swimmers itch
Host is snail
Shistosoma japonicum
Mc death by a helminth world wide
Try Ronnie first
Tapeworm (flatworms) [Cestode]
Roundworms (nematodes)
Flukes (trematode)
Flukes in lungs
Vector is crayfish
Paragonimus westermani
Mc cause of death by a helminth world wide
Fluke Shistosoma Japonicum
Pciticosis
Parrot fever
Parrot sits low on shoulder
Acid fast stain
Mycobacterium
Alpha hemolysis
Green ring
Strep. Pneumoniae
Strep. Virginians - Sub acute endocarditis
Subacute endocarditis
Strep Virginians
Alpha hemolysis
Post rheumatic fever
Beta hemolysis
Beta is bad
Complete hemolysis
Strep. Pyogenes
“SERGIS”
Causes cavities
Strep. mutants
Gamma hemolysis
Mannitol salt
Staphylococcus
Person who came up with first treatment of syphillis
Magic bullet
Sulfa drugs
Ehrlich
Discovered penicillin
Flemming
Discovered virus
First was tobacco
Iwanowski
Developed small pox vaccine
Jenner
Ebola facts
Aka Ebola hemorrhagic fever Severe bleeding, organ failure, death Onset is 2-3 days Spread via direct body fluids Vector is bats
Discovered magic bullet sulfa drugs
First treatment for Syphillis
Ehrlich
Blue purulent (pus)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Red pus
Serratia marcenscens
White pus
Chlamydia
Yellow pus
Staph Aureus
Yellow Green pus
Gonorrhea
Salk vaccinations are active or inactive?
Inactive [Polio]
Sabin vaccine is active or inactive?
Active [Polio]
Best way of killing an organism
Autoclave
Autoclaves work on prions?
No
Tests for syphillis
VDRL
Darkfield
TB tests
Mantoux test [Tine test]- Skin prick test PPD [purified protein derivative] Delayed hypersensitivity Type 4 Zel Nielson stainin g Acid fast Chest xrays shows Gohn complex in lung BCG [Bacillus calmette Guerin vaccine]
Mononucleosis test
Antibody in microscope
Downey cells
“Don’t let mono get you down”
Tzank test
Herpes zoster
Simplex
Varicella
Widal test
Typhoid fever
Weil felix
Serology test
Rickettsia [except Coxiella burnetti]
Antigen for Proteus vulgaris
Schultz- Carlton rxn
Scarlet fever
Paul Bunnel test
Heterophile Agglutination test for mononucleiosis
HLA DR5/CD4 test
ELISA test
Aids
Best test for any virus
Viral load
HLA B27
Seronegative
Catalase
Virus culture [since they cant grow on Agar]
ASO titer
Antistreptolysin O Tire
S. Pyogenes antibodies for Rheumatic fever
Ames test
Salmonella Typhimurium
Zoonosis
Woolsorter’s dz
Anthrax
Respiratory transmission
Microaerophilic
Candle jar culture
Autotrophs
Eat inorganic material
Heterotrophs
Eats organic material
Saphrophytes
Eats dead and decaying organic material
Type A hypersensitivity
Anaphylactic
Immediate
Type 1
Kertiman’s spirals and charcolates crystals
Bronchial asthma
Type A hypersensitivity
Type 1 hypersensitivity
Anaphylactic -immediate
IgE
Mast cells
Basophils
Type 2 hypersensitivity
Cytotoxic Antigen Antibody IgG Target cells Phagocytosis
Goodpasture’s dz
Type 2 HPS
Caused by Group A beta hymolytic strep
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Coomb’s anemia
Type 2 HPS
Graves dz
Type 2 HPS
Hyperthyroid
Blood transfusion
Type 2 HPS
Type 3 hypersensitivity
Immune complex mediated
IgG and complement
Antigen Antibody and Complement
Glomerulonephritis
Type 3 HPS
Lupus
Type 3 HPS
RA
Type 3 HPS
Arthus rxn
Type 3 HPS
Local necrosis
Serum sickness
Type 3 HPS
Systemic
Type 4 hypersensitivity
Delayed aka Cell mediated aka Cellular
Tcell
Lymphocytes
Contact dermatitis
Type 4 HPS
TB
Type 4 HPS
Transplant rejection via MHC
Type 4 HPS
“Entero”
Intestine
“-osis”
Lungs
Opsonin
Enhanced phagocytosis
marks target
Hypersensitivity reaction
“ACID”
Hapten
Partial antigen
Do not stimulate immune response
Fomite
Vector
Endotoxin
Lipopolysaccharide
Gram Neg
Heat stable
Antitoxin
Antibody against toxin
Artificial
Can Tetanus antitoxin cross the blood brain barrier?
Nope
Tetanus toxoid
Artificial active immunity
Tetanus Antitoxin
Artificial passive immunity
Breast feeding
Natural passive immunity
Downey cells
Mononucleosis
Don’t let mono get you down
Epithelioid hystiocytes
TB
Giant epithelioid cells
Gohn complex
Inactive TB
Calcium jail in lung
Guarneri bodies
Small pox
Variolla
Gummas
Tertiary syphilis
Liquifaction necrosis
Lewy bodies
Parkinsons
Aka Paralysis agitans
Shuffling/ Festinating gait
Mallory bodies
Hepatitis
Alcoholism
Negri bodies
Rabies
Reed Sternberg
Hodgkin’s cells
Russell body
Multiple myeloma
Plasma cells
Antibodies
Chronic inflammation
6 Diseases of Strep pyogenes
SERGIS Strep throat Erysipelas aka St. Anthony's fire Rheumatic fever Glomerulonephritis Impentigo Scarlet fever
5 Diseases of S. Aureus
Produces alpha toxin STOTIC Scalded skin sx Toxic shock Osteomyelitis Impentigo Carbuncles
Impentigo
#1- S. Aureus #2- Strep. Pyogenes
Gram positive organisms
BLCCS [blocks]
Bacillus, Listeria, Clostridium, Corneybacterium, Staph, Strep
MHC T cells recognize
MHC 1
MHC B cells recognize
MHC 1 and 2
IL cells 1
Macrophages make lymphocyte activating factor
Brain and nervous tissue
IL cells 2
CD4 cells [Helper T] are quarterback of immune system. Directs the response of immune
IL cell 3
Bone marrow
Blood and lymph
IgA
Secretory
Buys time
Breast milk
IgD
Stimulates IgG
IgE
Parasite
Allergy
Hodgkin’s dz
IgG
Specific Most numerous Cross placenta Anamnestic response First to increase in 2nd exposure
IgM
Pentameter
Non specific
First to increase in 1st exposure