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NBCE Micro > Micro 1 > Flashcards

Micro 1 Flashcards

0
Q

King Paul can only find good spices

A

Kingdom phylum class order family genus species

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1
Q

Bacteria classification

A

Prokaryotes

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2
Q

Corynebacterium

A

Dyptheria

Gray pseudo membrane in throat

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3
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis and microbacterium leporae are _________ stain

A

“My ass is fast”

Zeal nealson stain

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4
Q

Gram negative diplococci

A

Nisseria

Coffee bean shaped

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5
Q

Green yellow discharge

Mc area is knee

A

Neisseria

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6
Q

Rice water stools

A

Vibrio cholera

Only affects intestines; does not go into bloodstream = no lymph node enlargement

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7
Q

Mc cause of diarrhea

A

Campylobacter

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8
Q

Bacteria in warm moist places

A

Pseudomonas Aeregenosa

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9
Q

Mc bacteria seen with cystic fibrosis

A

Pseudomonas Aeregenosa

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10
Q

Bacteria found in hot tub, contact lens, burned wood

A

Pseudomonas Aeregenosa

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11
Q

Bacteria that has Blue-Green puss

And smells like grape Juice

A

Pseudomonas Aeregenosa

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12
Q

Procyanins

Bacteria looks florescent under UV light

A

Pseudomonas Aeregenosa

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13
Q

Cause of boulbonic plaque that wiped out Europe

A

Pasturella

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14
Q

Vector of Black Death is

A

Rat feces

Pasteurella

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15
Q

Pertussis

Whooping cough

A

Bordetella

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16
Q

Bacteria that causes Spontaneous absorption

A

Brucella Abortis

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17
Q

Rabbit
Squirrel
Hunters

A

Francissella toulensis

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18
Q

Disease spread by water droplets (AC units)

A

Legionella dz.

Milder form is Pontiac dz.

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19
Q

Types of spirochetes

A

Treponema
Borrelia
Leptospira

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20
Q

Syphillis

A

Treponema palletus

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21
Q

Non Vaneral syphillis

A

Treponema Pertenu

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22
Q

Lymes dz

A

Borrelia Burdofi

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23
Q

Bull’s eye rash

A

Arathema chronicum migranes
Borrelia Burdofi
Lymes dz

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24
Q

White purdulent pus

A

Chlamydia trachomadas

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25
Q

Bacteria seen in Reactive arthritis and Reiter’s

A

Chlamydia trachomadas

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26
Q

Atypical pneumonia that lacks cell wall

A

Mycoplasm

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27
Q

Why is penicillin ineffective on mycoplasm?

A

Bc mycoplasm lacks cell wall

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28
Q

Cue fever

A

Coxiella burnetti
Type of rickettsia
Only one that spreads throug milk
Weil Felix negative

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29
Q

What is the vaccine for varicella zoster; shingles

A

VZV Vaccine

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30
Q

Burkitts lymphoma

A

Ebstein Barr virus

Mononucleosis

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31
Q

Guarinary bodies

A

Vaccine from cow pox

Small pox

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32
Q

Hepatitis B likely leads to

A

Liver cancer

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33
Q

Epidemic in 2002 in China

A

SARS

Corona virus

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34
Q

Negri bodies in brain

Bullet shaped organism

A

Rabies virus

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35
Q

EBOLA Virus

A

5 strains
4 are hemorrhagic
Marburg Virus #1

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36
Q

Chip monks
Prairie dog
Mexico

A

Huntavirus

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37
Q

Mc diarrhea causing bacteria in children

A

Rotavirus

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38
Q

Rubella virus
German measles
3 day measels

A

Togavirus

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39
Q

Eastern equine

West Nile virus

A

Equine encephalitis

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40
Q

West Nile virus vector

A

Mosquitoes

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41
Q

Disenteria gastroenteritis on cruise ship

A

Norwalk virus

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42
Q

Vector is mites

A

Rickettsia Akari

cause rickettsia Pox

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43
Q

Urban population
Vector us lice
Rickettsia

A

Rickettsia Prowazeki

Cause Epidemic typhus aka Bril-Zinsser’s dz

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44
Q

Trench fever

A

Rickettsia Quintana

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45
Q

Bril Zeinners dz

Epidemic typhus

A

Rickettsia Prowazeki

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46
Q

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

Rash on wrist and ankle
Use bug repellant

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47
Q

Rocky Mountain spotted fever vector

A

Wood tick

Dermacenter Andersoni

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48
Q

Scrub typhus

Vector is mites

A

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi

Aka R. Orientalis

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49
Q

Murine typhus

Endemic typhus

A 
Rickettsia Typhi (moseri) 
Vector is flea
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50
Q

All rickettsia are Weil Felix __; vector is _____.

Exception is _____, which is Weil Felix ___

A

+, living vector

Milk, -

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51
Q

Ringworm on nail

A

Tinea Unguinum

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52
Q

Ringworm on athletes foot

A

Tenia Pedis

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53
Q

Ringworm of groin

Jock itch

A

Tenia Cruris

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54
Q

Ringworm of body

A

Tenia corporis

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55
Q

Ringworm of scalp

A

Tinea capitis

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56
Q

Ringworm of beard

A

Tinea Barbae

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57
Q

Detected using woodlamps (UV light), skin scrapping, KOH solution

A

Ringworms

Aka dermatophytosis

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58
Q

Fungal elastase

A

Attacks connective tissue

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59
Q

Fungal in muscle

A

Proteinase

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60
Q

Fungal ball in lung
Aflatoxin
1’ cause of liver cancer

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

Vector is nuts and grains

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61
Q

San Joaquin valley fever

Endemic of deserts of southwest

A

Coccidiomycosis

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62
Q

Mississippi Ohio valley fever

Calcification lesions similar to TB

A

Histoplasmosis

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63
Q 
#1 cause of death in AIDS 
#1 fungal infection in AIDS
A

Aids pneumonia

Pneumocystis carinni

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64
Q

Pigeon dropping

A

Pneumocystis carinni

AIDS

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65
Q

Reason why you should not bring fresh flower to hospitals

Gardeners mc at risk

A

Sporotrichosis

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66
Q

African sleeping sickness vector and cause

A

Tsetse fly

Trypanosoma gambiense

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67
Q

Chagas dz

A

Kissing (reduviid) bug

Trypanosoma Cruzi

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68
Q

Cat feces
Uncooked Meat
First tri of pregnancy

A

Toxoplanosoma Gondii

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69
Q

Black water fever

Most fatal form

A

Plasmodium falciparum

Anopheles mosquito

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70
Q

Malaria vector

A

Anopheles mosquito
Spread: sporozite
Pathological: merozoites

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71
Q

Delhi boil

A 
Vector is sandflies 
Kala azar (Leishmaniasis)
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72
Q

Beaver fever
Hikers
Drinking stream of after

A

Giardiasis

Cyst in infective form

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73
Q

Amoebic dysentery

Contaminated food and water

A

Amebiasis
Entamoeba histolytica
Cyst in infective form

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74
Q

Most common cause of meningitis

A

E. Coli and Listeria in newborns
Strep. pneumonia
Neisseria Meningities in college age

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75
Q

Most Lethal meningitis and 1’ cause of amoebic meningocephalitis

A

Naegleria fowleri

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76
Q

Mesophilic bacterias are killed by

A

Fevers

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77
Q

Chinese letter bacteria
Binary fission
Seen in Diptheria

A

Pleomorphic

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78
Q

Weil’s syndrome

A

Hemmoragic jaundice
Vector is contaminated water
Spirochete
Leptospira interrogans aka L. ictohemorrhagica

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79
Q

Lyme’s dz

A

Borrelia burgdorferi
Vector is deer tick aka Lxodes scapularis
Erythema chronicum migricans aka Bulls eye rash

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80
Q

Recurrent fever

A

Borrelia recurrentis

Vector is ticks, lice, rabbits

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81
Q

Syphillis

A

Treponema palladium

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82
Q

Primary syphillis characteristics

A

Hard painless chancre

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83
Q

Secondary syphillis

A

Condylomata lata
Flat warts on vulvula
Maculopapular rash

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84
Q

Yaws

A

Treponema pertenue
Non general syphillis
Skin contact

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85
Q

How do you differentiate Treponemas

A

Via Dark field microscopy

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86
Q

Otitis media

A

1’ Haemophilus influenza

2’ Strep. pneumoniae

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87
Q

Otitis external

Swimmers ear

A

1’ E. Coli

2’ Pseudomonas aerginosa

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88
Q

Gas gangrene

A

Clostridium perfinges

Aka C. Welchi

89
Q

Shigella vector

A

Soil and water

90
Q

Lockjaw aka Trimus

Inhibits GABA and Glycine

A

Clostridium tetani

91
Q

Bang’s dz
Undulant fever
Spontaneous abortions in cattle

A

Brucella Abortis

Water and milk

92
Q

Comma shaped
Rice water stool
No lymph node enlargement

A

Vibrio cholera

Contaminated water

93
Q

Rose colored spots on abdomen
Hidden in Peters patch in ileum
Widal test

A

Salmonella Typhi

94
Q

No fever
2-4 hrs
Creams and custard

95
Q

Fever
12-24 hours
Eggs and poultry

A

Salmonella entrides

96
Q

Deli meats

A

Listeria monocytogenes

97
Q

Mc cause of gastritis, diarrhea and food poisoning

A

Campylobacter

C. Jejuni

98
Q

Home canning

A 
Clostridium botulinum 
Floppy baby sx: prevents ACH
To prevent, add nitrates 
1st symptom is Diplopia 
2nd symptom is death
99
Q

French rabbits smell tulips

A

Tuleremia
Francisella tularensis
Rabbits and squirrels

100
Q

Black Death

A

Yersinia pestis
Aka Pasteurella pestis
Rat flea aka Xenopsylla cheopsis
Bubos-axillary node enlargement

101
Q

Dengu fever

A

Mosquitoes
First sign is arthralgia (joint pain)
Breakbone fever

102
Q

Yellow fever

A

Discovered by Walter reed

Vector is Aedes agypti mosquitoes; viscerotropic virus

103
Q

Group b arbovirus

A

Yellow fever

Dengu fever

104
Q

All equine encephalitis are spread via

A

Mosquitoes

105
Q

1 death by cancer caused by AIDS

A

Kaposi sarcoma

106
Q

Fatty liver encephalopathy

A

Reye’s syndrome

107
Q

1 fungal infection in AIDS

A

Pneumocystis carinni

108
Q

1 parasitic infection in AIDS

A

Toxoplasmosis

109
Q

Virus causes dissemination disease in aids

A

Cytomegalovirus

110
Q

Croup and bronchitis

A

RSV

Respiratory syncytial virus

111
Q

Parotiditis or mumps affect which CN

A

CN 7
Affect taste
Seen with mumps

112
Q

Why can’t we make influenza virus

A

It has antigenic shift or drift

Causes flu

113
Q

Spread via rodents and chipmunks

A

Hantavirus

114
Q

Bulbar type respiratory paralysis
Affects alpha motor neuron
Spread via oral/fecal

115
Q

Koplik spot in buccal mucosa
See bluish white mucosa
Ruby red

A

Red measels

Rubeola

116
Q

Pink cauliflower lesion on female genitalia

A

Molluscum contagiosum

117
Q

Shingels in adults

Do not cross midline

A

Heroes zoster

VCV vaccine

118
Q

3 day measels

A

Rubella

Mc in 1st pregnancy

119
Q

Trigeminal ganglion aka

A

Gasserion ganglion
Type 1 herpes
Fever blister

120
Q

Most viruses transmit via

A

Respiratory system

Except Arbovirus, AIDS, Polio, rabies, warts, hepatitis

121
Q

Protein cost of virus

A

Capsomere
Capsid
Viral envelope has trilamina lipid membrane

122
Q

Flukes In bloods
Swimmers itch
Host is snail

A

Shistosoma japonicum

Mc death by a helminth world wide

123
Q

Try Ronnie first

A

Tapeworm (flatworms) [Cestode]
Roundworms (nematodes)
Flukes (trematode)

124
Q

Flukes in lungs

Vector is crayfish

A

Paragonimus westermani

125
Q

Mc cause of death by a helminth world wide

A

Fluke Shistosoma Japonicum

126
Q

Pciticosis

A

Parrot fever

Parrot sits low on shoulder

127
Q

Acid fast stain

A

Mycobacterium

128
Q

Alpha hemolysis

A

Green ring
Strep. Pneumoniae
Strep. Virginians - Sub acute endocarditis

129
Q

Subacute endocarditis

A

Strep Virginians
Alpha hemolysis
Post rheumatic fever

130
Q

Beta hemolysis

A

Beta is bad
Complete hemolysis
Strep. Pyogenes
“SERGIS”

131
Q

Causes cavities

A

Strep. mutants

Gamma hemolysis

132
Q

Mannitol salt

A

Staphylococcus

133
Q

Person who came up with first treatment of syphillis
Magic bullet
Sulfa drugs

134
Q

Discovered penicillin

135
Q

Discovered virus

First was tobacco

136
Q

Developed small pox vaccine

138
Q

Ebola facts

A 
Aka Ebola hemorrhagic fever
Severe bleeding, organ failure, death 
Onset is 2-3 days 
Spread via direct body fluids
Vector is bats
139
Q

Discovered magic bullet sulfa drugs

First treatment for Syphillis

140
Q

Blue purulent (pus)

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

141
Q

Red pus

A

Serratia marcenscens

142
Q

White pus

143
Q

Yellow pus

A

Staph Aureus

144
Q

Yellow Green pus

145
Q

Salk vaccinations are active or inactive?

A

Inactive [Polio]

146
Q

Sabin vaccine is active or inactive?

A

Active [Polio]

147
Q

Best way of killing an organism

148
Q

Autoclaves work on prions?

149
Q

Tests for syphillis

A

VDRL

Darkfield

150
Q

TB tests

A 
Mantoux test [Tine test]- Skin prick test
PPD [purified protein derivative]
Delayed hypersensitivity Type 4
Zel Nielson stainin g
Acid fast 
Chest xrays shows Gohn complex in lung
BCG [Bacillus calmette Guerin vaccine]
151
Q

Mononucleosis test

A

Antibody in microscope
Downey cells
“Don’t let mono get you down”

152
Q

Tzank test

A

Herpes zoster
Simplex
Varicella

153
Q

Widal test

A

Typhoid fever

154
Q

Weil felix

A

Serology test
Rickettsia [except Coxiella burnetti]
Antigen for Proteus vulgaris

155
Q

Schultz- Carlton rxn

A

Scarlet fever

156
Q

Paul Bunnel test

A

Heterophile Agglutination test for mononucleiosis

157
Q

HLA DR5/CD4 test

ELISA test

158
Q

Best test for any virus

A

Viral load

159
Q

HLA B27

A

Seronegative

160
Q

Catalase

A

Virus culture [since they cant grow on Agar]

161
Q

ASO titer

A

Antistreptolysin O Tire

S. Pyogenes antibodies for Rheumatic fever

162
Q

Ames test

A

Salmonella Typhimurium

163
Q

Zoonosis

A

Woolsorter’s dz
Anthrax
Respiratory transmission

164
Q

Microaerophilic

A

Candle jar culture

165
Q

Autotrophs

A

Eat inorganic material

166
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Eats organic material

167
Q

Saphrophytes

A

Eats dead and decaying organic material

168
Q

Type A hypersensitivity

A

Anaphylactic
Immediate
Type 1

169
Q

Kertiman’s spirals and charcolates crystals

A

Bronchial asthma

Type A hypersensitivity

170
Q

Type 1 hypersensitivity

A

Anaphylactic -immediate
IgE
Mast cells
Basophils

171
Q

Type 2 hypersensitivity

A 
Cytotoxic 
Antigen Antibody 
IgG 
Target cells 
Phagocytosis
172
Q

Goodpasture’s dz

A

Type 2 HPS

Caused by Group A beta hymolytic strep

173
Q

Erythroblastosis fetalis

A

Coomb’s anemia

Type 2 HPS

174
Q

Graves dz

A

Type 2 HPS

Hyperthyroid

175
Q

Blood transfusion

A

Type 2 HPS

176
Q

Type 3 hypersensitivity

A

Immune complex mediated
IgG and complement
Antigen Antibody and Complement

177
Q

Glomerulonephritis

A

Type 3 HPS

178
Q

Lupus

A

Type 3 HPS

179
Q

RA

A

Type 3 HPS

180
Q

Arthus rxn

A

Type 3 HPS

Local necrosis

181
Q

Serum sickness

A

Type 3 HPS

Systemic

182
Q

Type 4 hypersensitivity

A

Delayed aka Cell mediated aka Cellular
Tcell
Lymphocytes

183
Q

Contact dermatitis

A

Type 4 HPS

184
Q

TB

A

Type 4 HPS

185
Q

Transplant rejection via MHC

A

Type 4 HPS

186
Q

“Entero”

187
Q

“-osis”

188
Q

Opsonin

A

Enhanced phagocytosis

marks target

189
Q

Hypersensitivity reaction

A

“ACID”

190
Q

Hapten

A

Partial antigen

Do not stimulate immune response

191
Q

Fomite

192
Q

Endotoxin

A

Lipopolysaccharide
Gram Neg
Heat stable

193
Q

Antitoxin

A

Antibody against toxin

Artificial

194
Q

Can Tetanus antitoxin cross the blood brain barrier?

195
Q

Tetanus toxoid

A

Artificial active immunity

196
Q

Tetanus Antitoxin

A

Artificial passive immunity

197
Q

Breast feeding

A

Natural passive immunity

198
Q

Downey cells

A

Mononucleosis

Don’t let mono get you down

199
Q

Epithelioid hystiocytes

A

TB

Giant epithelioid cells

200
Q

Gohn complex

A

Inactive TB

Calcium jail in lung

201
Q

Guarneri bodies

A

Small pox

Variolla

202
Q

Gummas

A

Tertiary syphilis

Liquifaction necrosis

203
Q

Lewy bodies

A

Parkinsons
Aka Paralysis agitans
Shuffling/ Festinating gait

204
Q

Mallory bodies

A

Hepatitis

Alcoholism

205
Q

Negri bodies

206
Q

Reed Sternberg

A

Hodgkin’s cells

207
Q

Russell body

A

Multiple myeloma
Plasma cells
Antibodies
Chronic inflammation

208
Q

6 Diseases of Strep pyogenes

A 
SERGIS 
Strep throat 
Erysipelas aka St. Anthony's fire 
Rheumatic fever 
Glomerulonephritis 
Impentigo 
Scarlet fever
209
Q

5 Diseases of S. Aureus

A 
Produces alpha toxin 
STOTIC 
Scalded skin sx
Toxic shock
Osteomyelitis
Impentigo 
Carbuncles
210
Q

Impentigo

A 
#1- S. Aureus 
#2- Strep. Pyogenes
211
Q

Gram positive organisms

A

BLCCS [blocks]

Bacillus, Listeria, Clostridium, Corneybacterium, Staph, Strep

212
Q

MHC T cells recognize

213
Q

MHC B cells recognize

A

MHC 1 and 2

214
Q

IL cells 1

A

Macrophages make lymphocyte activating factor

Brain and nervous tissue

215
Q

IL cells 2

A

CD4 cells [Helper T] are quarterback of immune system. Directs the response of immune

216
Q

IL cell 3

A

Bone marrow

Blood and lymph

217
Q

IgA

A

Secretory
Buys time
Breast milk

218
Q

IgD

A

Stimulates IgG

219
Q

IgE

A

Parasite
Allergy
Hodgkin’s dz

220
Q

IgG

A 
Specific 
Most numerous 
Cross placenta 
Anamnestic response 
First to increase in 2nd exposure
221
Q

IgM

A

Pentameter
Non specific
First to increase in 1st exposure

NBCE Micro (1 decks)

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