Micro 1 Flashcards
A 66/M tricycle driver was brought to the emergency room for difficulty of breathing. Patient claims to be coughing for the past week with note of rust colored sputum. Past medical history revealed that he had underwent splenectomy following a road accident 10 years ago. Chest X-ray reveals consolidation of the left lower lobe. The most likely organism is best characterized as?
A. Part of the oropharyngeal flora
B. Optochin sensitive
C. Bile Insoluble
D. Devoid of cell wall
B. Optochin sensitive- S.pneumoniae
A 62-year-old female patient had was brought to the emergency room after a 3 day history of difficulty of breathing, desaturations and decrease in sensorium. Her blood pressure was 60/40 despite fluid resuscitation, requiring initiation of Norepinephrine. The endotracheal cultures revealed lactose-fermenting organisms pink mucoid colonies on MAC. What bacterial factor is likely causing the patient’s current state?
A. Teichoic acid
B. Lipid A
C. Peptidoglycan
D. Calcium dipicolinate
B. Lipid A
A 25/F office secretary presents in the ER with abrupt onset fever, hypotension and scarlatiniform rash.On history, there was note of abdominal pain and vomiting a few days prior to her admission. She was managed supportively and was eventually discharged stable. On follow up, she complained of generalized desquamation. What is the mechanism involved in the patient’s case?
A.Presence of exfoliative toxin leading to desquamation
B.Release of Protein A
C.Release of TSST-1 into the bloodstream
D.Cell lysis secondary to panton valentine leukocidin
C. Release of TSST-1 into the bloodstream
The diphtheria toxin exerts its necrotizing and neurotoxic effect by which mechanism?
A. inactivation of the elongation factor 2
B. increase in cAMP
C. increase in cGMP
D. activation of helper T-cells
A. inactivation of the elongation factor 2
A young man came to the ER after experiencing painful muscle spasms in the legs. He reports sustaining an injury 2 weeks prior after falling from his bicycle. He eventually complained of difficulty opening his mouth. The following describes possible mechanisms of the infection except?
A.Proteolysis of the VAMPs
B.Inhibition of the release of glycine
C. Inhibition of the release of acetylcholine
D.Cleavage of synaptobrevin and syntaxin
C. Inhibition of the release of acetylcholine- botulism
A 35/M patient with leukemia presented with bloody nasal exudates and orbital cellulitis. Direct examination of the nasal tissues revealed broad, ribbon like hyphae with irregular branching and absence of septations. The most likely organism responsible for this patient’s condition is?
A.Penicillium marneffei
B. Aspergillus fumigatus
C. Candida albicans
D. Rhizopus
D. Rhizopus
A 12-year-old girl developed high fever and complained of sore throat. On examination, there were small blister-like bumps and ulcers at the back of her throat. There were no rashes or post-auricular lymphadenopathies noted. What is the most likely viral etiology in this case?
A. Rubella
B. Rubeola
C. Echovirus
D. Coxsackievirus
D. Coxsackievirus
The most common neurologic syndrome seen as a late manifestation of AIDS patients is characterized by all of the following except?
A.Seizures
B.Poor memory
C.Inability to concentrate
D.Behavioral changes
A.Seizures
Which organism is responsible for causing the so called Coconut Cake Rectum
A. Trichuris trichura
B. Enterobius vermicularis
C.Anisakis simplex
D.Baylisascaris procyonis
A. Trichuris trichura
A medical student developed diarrhea weeks after coming home from a camping trip. He complains of passing gas with rotten egg odor. On fecalysis, multiple trophozoites with falling leaf motility were noted. Where is the site of excystation of the organism?
A. Stomach
B. Duodenum
C. Colon
D. Rectum
B. Duodenum
