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MICROPARA (LEC & LAB) > MICP Week 1: SCOPE OF MICROBIOLOGY > Flashcards

MICP Week 1: SCOPE OF MICROBIOLOGY Flashcards

SCOPE OF MICROBIOLOGY & MICROSCOPE

1
Q

is derived from the Latin word germen, which means to sprout or germinate.

A

germ

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2
Q

Germs was first applied to bacteria in the ___________ ____________ to explain disease-causing cells that grew quickly.

A

nineteenth century

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3
Q

often known as microorganisms, are microscopic living organisms that are visible only with a microscope

A

microbes

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4
Q

is the study of all living organisms that are too small to be visible with the naked eye.

A

microbiology

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5
Q

bacteria, archaea, viruses, fungi, prions, protozoa and algae, are collectively known as

A

microbes

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6
Q

Why are microbes easy to study?

A. Small size allows for easy manipulation and observation under a microscope.

B. Reproduce rapidly, enabling the cultivation of large populations in laboratory settings.

C. Versatility in adapting to various environments facilitates experimentation across diverse conditions.

D. Short generation times allow for the quick observation of evolutionary changes and adaptation in real-time.

A

B. Reproduce rapidly, enabling the cultivation of large populations in laboratory settings.

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7
Q

Why are microbes hard to study?

A. Rapid Reproduction
B. Genetic Diversity
C. Environmental Adaptability
D. Can’t be Seen Directly

A

D. Can’t be Seen Directly

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8
Q

a specialized area of biology that deals with living things ordinary too small to be seen without magnification?

A

microbiology

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9
Q

This refers to a type of microorganism that has the tendency to cause disease:

Pathogen
Virulance
Pathologic
Bacteriocidal

A

Pathogen

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10
Q

He introduced the concept of the cell

A

Robert Hooke

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11
Q

Marked the beginning of cell theory that all living things have cells

A

Robert Hooke

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12
Q

Referred to as the “Father of Microbiology,” the “Father of Bacteriology,” and the “Father of Protozoology”

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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13
Q

Anton van Leeuwenhoek observed various tiny living creatures, which he called

A

animalcules

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14
Q

He single-lens microscopes or simple microscopes.

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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15
Q

Discovered forms of life that could exist in the absence of oxygen.

A

Louis Pasteur

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16
Q

organisms that require oxygen

A

aerobes

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17
Q

organisms that do not require oxygen

A

anaerobes

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18
Q

Created pasteurization to eliminate wine spoilage-causing bacteria.

A

Louis Pasteur

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19
Q

Discovered alcoholic fermentation process.

A

Louis Pasteur

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20
Q

an English surgeon, reasoned that surgical infection (sepsis) might be caused by microorganisms.

A

Joseph Lister

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21
Q

The condition resulting from the presence of pathogenic microbes or their products in blood or tissues.

22
Q

His procedures came to be known as antiseptic (against sepsis) surgery, and included hand washing, sterilizing instruments, and dressing wounds with carbolic acid (phenol).

A

Joseph Lister

23
Q

began using antiseptic procedures to prevent “childbirth” or puerperal fever

A

Ignaz Philip Semmelweis

24
Q

a serious and often fatal disease associated with infection contracted during delivery sometimes called “childbirth”

A

puerperal fever

25
Q

Direct evidence demonstrating that bacteria were disease-causing agents (etiological agents) was provided by

A

Robert Koch

26
Q

Koch identified B_______ a________ as the cause of anthrax in sheep and cattle.

A

Bacillus anthracis

27
Q

Koch developed a series of experiments to prove a specific microbe caused an illness. These postulates, known as Koch’s Postulates, contributed significantly to the

A

Germ Theory of Illness

28
Q

Koch found B_______ a_______ s______ that can withstand harsh environments.

A

Bacillus anthracis spores

29
Q

Koch discovered the bacterium that causes tuberculosis

A

M. tuberculosis

30
Q

Koch discovered the bacterium that causes cholera

A

Vibrio cholerae

31
Q

Developed the Petri dish in which microbial cultures could be grown and manipulated.

A

Richard J. Petri

32
Q

Developed the use of agar as a solidifying agent for microbiological media.

A

Fanny Hesse

33
Q

Developed the Gram stain, a stain technique that could be used to separate two major groups of disease causing bacteria.

A

Hans Christian Gram

34
Q

reported the use of material scraped from the skin of an individual infected with cowpox to immunize a child against smallpox.

A

Edward Jenner

35
Q

German physician who searched for a “magic bullet”, and in around 1910 developed the first effective cure for a bacterial disease.

A

Paul Ehrlich

36
Q

The drug that Paul Ehrlich developed was called ___________, and was an arsenic compound that was effective against syphilis.

37
Q

a Scottish physician, discovered penicillin. * Noticed that mold growing on one of his culture plates inhibited the growth of bacteria there, and eventually isolated the substance responsible

A

Alexander Fleming

38
Q

the treatment of disease by using chemical substance

A

Chemotherapy

39
Q

is the protection from disease as a result of vaccination or by recovery from disease itself.

40
Q

is a scientist who studies microorganisms

A

Microbiologist

41
Q

What year did the study of microorganisms begin?

A. 1870
B. 1560
C. 1650
D. 1740

42
Q

Before 1650, it was widely believed that the origin of living organisms was from inanimate materials. This myth was called.

A. Theory of life
B. Spontaneous generation
C. Cells theory
D. Theory of mass

A

B. Spontaneous generation

43
Q

Microbiology started after 1650 due to the development of the microscope and the observation of cells.

True
False

44
Q

Which scientist examined the structure of cork and suggested that all living things were made up of individual cells?

Robert Koch
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Louis Pasteur
Robert Hooke

A

Robert Hooke

45
Q

Which scientist developed a high-resolution microscope that enabled him to discover and record many microorganisms?

Louis Pasteur
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Robert Hooke
Robert Koch

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

46
Q

Which scientist published a report in 1861 examining the doctrine of spontaneous generation?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Robert Koch
Louis Pasteur
Robert Hooke

A

Louis Pasteur

47
Q

Which scientist discovered that fermentation was due to living organisms and the chemical changes from microbial growth and used the “bent glass flask experiment” to prove that the growth in the ferments was not spontaneously generated?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Robert Koch
Louis Pasteur
Robert Hooke

A

Louis Pasteur

48
Q

Which scientist discovered the germ theory of disease and a logical series of experiments that can confirm relationships between microbes and diseases?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Louis Pasteur
Robert Hooke
Robert Koch

A

Robert Koch

49
Q

The scientist who first described bacteria was?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Louis Pasteur
Robert Hooke
Robert Koch

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

50
Q

The scientist who first described cells was?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Louis Pasteur
Robert Hooke
Robert Koch

A

Robert Hooke

51
Q

A.Bacteria
B.Fungi
C.Algae
D.Protozoa
E.Viruses

  1. Streptococcus pneumoniae
  2. Escherichia coli
  3. Amoeba
  4. Rhabdoviridae
  5. Candida infection
  6. HIV
  7. Pneumocystis jirovecii
A
  1. Streptococcus pneumoniae: A. Bacteria
  2. Escherichia coli: A. Bacteria
  3. Amoeba: D. Protozoa
  4. Rhabdoviridae: E. Viruses
  5. Candida infection: B. Fungi
  6. HIV: E. Viruses
  7. Pneumocystis jirovecii: B. Fungi
52
Q

A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Algae
D. Protozoa
E. Viruses

  1. Covid-19 infection
  2. Tuberculosis
  3. Leptospirosis
  4. Dandruff
  5. Red Tide infection
  6. Genital Herpes
  7. Measles Infection
  8. Malaria
A
  1. Covid-19 infection: E. Viruses
  2. Tuberculosis: A. Bacteria
  3. Leptospirosis: A. Bacteria
  4. Dandruff: B. Fungi
  5. Red Tide infection: C. Algae
  6. Genital Herpes: E. Viruses
  7. Measles Infection: E. Viruses
  8. Malaria: D. Protozoa

MICROPARA (LEC & LAB) (5 decks)

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