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Microbiology > Michael 38-48 > Flashcards

Michael 38-48 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

A

Upper and lower respiratory tract infection

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2
Q

Respiratory tract is most common place for

A

infectious agents to gain access to the body

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3
Q

Defenses of respiratory tract

A

nasal hair; ciliated epithelium of the trachea and bronchi; mucus; coughing, sneezing, swallowing;
macrophages in lungs; lymphoid tissue (tonsils) in throat; secretory IgA in mucus

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4
Q

Normal biota causing disease are normallly present in:

A

upper respiratory tract

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5
Q

Rhinitis caused by? and treated with?

A

rhinoviruses about 200 and corona virus. Treated with antihistamines and decongestants.

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6
Q

Rhinitis virulence factors are?

A

Penetrate mucus and attach to host cells

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7
Q

Sinusitis causative agents are:

A

bacteria and fungi

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8
Q

Acute Ottitis Media Causitive agents

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae

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9
Q

Acute Ottitis Media is prevented via:

A

Hib Vaccine (H. influenzae type b) and Prevnar ( S. pneumoniae)

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10
Q

Pharyngitis causitive agents:

A

Cold viruses; Streptococcus pyogenes

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11
Q

complications of strep throat include:

A

scarlet fever; rheumatic fever; glomerulonephritis; necrotizing fasciitis (rare); toxic shock syndrome (rare)

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12
Q

culture and diagnosis of pharyngitis would reveal:

A

Group A (lancefield group) or Beta hemolytic.

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13
Q

Diptheria is caused by? and prevented by?

A

Cause: Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Prevented by: DTaP Vaccine.

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14
Q

Whooping cough causitive agent and prevention?

A

Causative agent = Bordetella pertussis. Prevention = DTaP vaccine

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15
Q

Tuberculosis causative agents:

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in AIDS patients

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16
Q

causative agents of community aquired Pneumonia

A

Streptococcus Pneumonia, Legionella pneumophila and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

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17
Q

Causative agents of nosocomial pneumonia

A

Streptococcus penumoniae and Klebsiella

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18
Q

There has been reclassification of some Black-pigementing bacteria species into the genera:

A

Tannerella, Porphyromonas, and Prevotella

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19
Q

Morphology of Black pigmenting bacteria is

A

G-, obligately anaerobic, nonmotile, nonspore-forming rods.

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20
Q

These bacteria are Important in oral infections and play major roles in the pathogenesis of both periodontal disease and endodontic infections:

A

Black-pigmenting Bacteria

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21
Q

Black pigmenting bacteria is in the flora of which locations?

A

Are flora in the oral cavity and gi. tract

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22
Q

Bacteriodes fragilis is what type of bacteria?

A

Black pigmenting bacteria

23
Q

What is “Black pigmenting bacteria” term mean?

A

Old designation referring to some members of the genus Bacteroides.

24
Q

True/False Bacteroides fragilis is a Black pigmenting bacteria

A

False it is not black pigmenting!

25
Q

commonly isolated human pathogen causing anaerobic infections is known as

A

Bacteroides fragilis

26
Q

T/F Bacteroides fragilis is aerobic?

A

False. Anaerobic so tolerates prolonged exposure to O2

27
Q

Name the anaerobe that is the most resistant to antimicrobial agents?

A

Bacteroides fragilis

28
Q

Regarding Bacteroides fragilis, what are its clinical manifestations?

A

Result of fecal material spilled into

the peritoneal cavity during surgery, bowel disease, or cancer.

29
Q

what is the most common area for clinical manifestation of Bacteroides fragilis?

A

one of the more common infections is intraabdominal.

30
Q

True/False There have never been cases of anaerobic infections of Bacteroides fragilis in the oral cavity.

A

False cases have been reported.

31
Q

What is the epidemiology of Bacteroides fragilis

A

Endogenous infection. Found in the oral cavity, gi. tract, vagina, and urethra.

32
Q

True/False. Typical diagnosis of Bacteroides Fragilis infection resembles that of other anaerobic infections.

A

True: diagnosis via: foul odor of discharge, tissue necrosis, gas. Gram stain specimen and biochemical i.d.

33
Q

What is the treatment of Bacteroides fragilis?

A

surgical therapy: drainage, excision of necrotic tissue, and resection of infected veins.

34
Q

What are characteristics of Tannerella forsynthensis?

A

G- Obligate anaerobe

35
Q

Periodontal disease, including chronic and localized aggressive periodontitis and abscesses of the periodontium is caused by which 2 G- obligate anaerobes?

A

Tannerella forsythensis and Porphyromonas gingivalis

36
Q

What 2 G- obligate anerobes is found in subgingival and supragingival biofilms, the tongue, buccal mucosa and saliva. serving as reservoirs for recolonization after periodontal treatment?

A

Tannerella forsythensis and Porphyromonas gingivalis

37
Q

2 former Bacteroides species of which G- obligate anaerobes now include P. gingivalis, P. endodontalis?

A

Porphyromonas

38
Q

What are the virulence factors for Porphyromonas gingivalis?

A

fimbriae, capsules, collagenase, hyaluronidase, phospholipase, hemolysins, keratinases, and endotoxin

39
Q

True or false Porphyromonas gingivalis can tolerate brief exposure to oxygen

A

True

40
Q

Active tissue AND bone destruction occurs in these diseases which result from infection of Tannerella forsythensis and Porphyromonas gingivalis

A

Chronic and localized aggressive periodontitis

41
Q

Some studies indicate that this organism is most frequently associated with endodontic lesions (DIF studies)

A

Porphyromonas endodontalis

42
Q

Poryphyromonas endodontalis, a strict anaerobe causes endodontic disease due to its ability to?

A

Due to its ability to degrade collagen and a proteolytic activity.

43
Q

Prevotella, G- obligate anaerobe, has which species?

A

P. intermedia, P. melaninogenica and P. loeschii

44
Q

Which prevotella species is Associated with moderate-to-severe gingivitis, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, chronic periodontitis
and periodontal abscess.

A

Prevotella intermedia

45
Q

what are the potential virulence factors of Prevotella intermedia?

A

They include capsules, fimbriae, alkaline phosphatase, and endotoxin.

46
Q

True/False Prevotella intermedia is a late colonizer in plaque. What bacteria does it interact with?

A

True. Interacts with Fusobacterium nucleaum.

47
Q

Describe one characteristic of Prevotella loescheii and Provotella melaninogenica

A

Prevotella melaninogenica - etiologic agent of oral disease. Prevotella loescheii - an early colonizer in plaque.

48
Q

Where is Fusobacterium mainly found?

A

Members of this genus, Fusobacterium, are normal inhabitants of the oral cavity, colon and female genital tract.

49
Q

Describe Morphology of Fusobacterium Nucleatum:

A

Strict anaerobe! G- thin bacilli with pointed ends, which may resemble scattered straw or appear as very long,
thin filaments.

50
Q

T/F. Fusobacterium nucleatum, producing endogenous infections, attaches to which early and late colonizers.

A

True: It attaches to: Streptococcus oralis, S. mitis, S. gordonii, Actinomyces naeslundii, A. israelii, Veillonella atypica, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Treponema species.

51
Q

What types of lesions and inections can result from Fusobacterium nucleatum

A

periodontal and gingivitis lesions, and Focal infections in the upper respiratory tract.

52
Q

what bacteria plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of plaque.

A

Fusobacterium nucleatum

53
Q

What are the virulence factors for Fusobacterium nucleatum

A

virulence factors include capsules, endotoxin, and enzymes that mediate tissue damage.

Microbiology (4 decks)

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