Mich Trials Definitions Flashcards
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resource
a stock or supply of something that has a value or a purpose. The
Resource
a stock or supply of something that has a value or a purpose. The three most important are food energy and water
resource management
The control and monitoring of resources so that they do not become depleted or exhausted
Industrialisation
An increase in the processing of raw materials and the manufacture of goods in factories.
Agribusiness
application of business skills to agriculture
Local food sourcing
a method of food production and distribution that is local, rather than national and/or international. Food is grown and harvested close to consumers’ homes, then distributed over much shorter distances.
malnutrition
A poorly-balanced diet lacking in vitamins and minerals which leads to health problems.
Undernutrition
Not having enough food in terms of calories consumed per day.
Food miles
the distance covered supplying food to consumers
Organic produce
food which is produced using environmentally and animal friendly farming methods on organic farms. artificial fertilisers are banned and farmers develop fertile soil by rotating crops and using compost, manure and clover. it must be free of synthetic additives like pesticides and dyes
fossil fuel
a natural fuel such as coal or gas formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms
carbon footprint
a measurement of all the greenhouse gases we individually produce, through burning fossil fuels for electricity, transport etc,
ecological footprint
A measurement of how much area of biologically productive land and water an individual (or population) requires to produce all the resources needed to sustain the lifestyle and to absorb the waste that is generated. The ecological footprint is measured in global hectares.
water scarcity
This refers to the problem in which there is a lack of sufficient fresh water to meet the demands of people in a particular region (such as water for farming and/or household use). It is estimated that nearly 3 billion people in the world experience problems of water scarcity (of which around 800 million people lack regular access to safe, clean drinking water).
Biomass
renewable organic materials, such as wood, agricultural crops or wastes, especially when used as a source or fuel or energy. biomass can be burned directly or processed into biofuels such as ethanol and methane
energy conservation
reducing energy consumption through using less energy and becoming more efficient in using existing energy sources
energy exploitation
developing and using energy sources at an affordable price.
energy security
uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price.
geothermal energy
energy generated by heat stored deep in the earth
hydroelectric power
electricity generated by turbines that are driven by moving water
solar energy
the suns energy exploited by solar panels, collectors or cells to heat water or air to generate electricity
sustainable development
development that meets the needs of the present without limiting the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
nuclear power
the energy released by a nuclear reaction, especially by fission or fusion. Nuclear energy uses fuel made from mined and processed uranium to make steam and generate electricity
renewable energy sources
A resource which is not diminished when it is used; it recurs and cannot be exhausted (at least on human timescales!). Includes wind power, tidal and wave power, solar power, and energy from Earth’s interior (geothermal).
non-renewable energy
This refers to sources of energy that are ‘finite’ and will eventually run out with continued use, because they are being extracted at a rate far higher than the rate at which they are replenished. Fossil fuels are a form of non-renewable energy. Nuclear power stations require the mining of uranium which is also a finite resource and therefore non-renewable.
sustainable energy supply
energy that can potentially be used well into the future without harming future generations
wind energy
electrical energy obtained from harnessing the wind with windmills or wind turbines
global warming
This term is usually used to refer to the warming of the Earth’s atmosphere that is currently taking place due to the human-caused increase in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide and other ‘greenhouse gases’. This is mainly occurring due to the use of fossil fuels and to deforestation (i.e. humans cutting down and clearing large areas of forest).
greenhouse gases
Gases in the atmosphere that have the effect of absorbing heat given off from the surface of the Earth, thereby slowing the escape of heat energy to space and causing the lower atmosphere to warm. Water vapour, carbon dioxide, and methane are important greenhouse gases.
LIC
a country where the income per person is less than $1045
HIC
a country where the income per person is more than $12746
NEE
countries that have begun to experince high rates of economic development have made gains in infrastructire and industrial growth
