Mich Trials Definitions

Question 1

resource

Answer 1

a stock or supply of something that has a value or a purpose. The

Question 2

Resource

Answer 2

a stock or supply of something that has a value or a purpose. The three most important are food energy and water

Question 3

resource management

Answer 3

The control and monitoring of resources so that they do not become depleted or exhausted

Question 4

Industrialisation

Answer 4

An increase in the processing of raw materials and the manufacture of goods in factories.

Question 5

Agribusiness

Answer 5

application of business skills to agriculture

Question 6

Local food sourcing

Answer 6

a method of food production and distribution that is local, rather than national and/or international. Food is grown and harvested close to consumers’ homes, then distributed over much shorter distances.

Question 7

malnutrition

Answer 7

A poorly-balanced diet lacking in vitamins and minerals which leads to health problems.

Question 8

Undernutrition

Answer 8

Not having enough food in terms of calories consumed per day.

Question 9

Food miles

Answer 9

the distance covered supplying food to consumers

Question 10

Organic produce

Answer 10

food which is produced using environmentally and animal friendly farming methods on organic farms. artificial fertilisers are banned and farmers develop fertile soil by rotating crops and using compost, manure and clover. it must be free of synthetic additives like pesticides and dyes

Question 11

fossil fuel

Answer 11

a natural fuel such as coal or gas formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms

Question 12

carbon footprint

Answer 12

a measurement of all the greenhouse gases we individually produce, through burning fossil fuels for electricity, transport etc,

Question 13

ecological footprint

Answer 13

A measurement of how much area of biologically productive land and water an individual (or population) requires to produce all the resources needed to sustain the lifestyle and to absorb the waste that is generated. The ecological footprint is measured in global hectares.

Question 14

water scarcity

Answer 14

This refers to the problem in which there is a lack of sufficient fresh water to meet the demands of people in a particular region (such as water for farming and/or household use). It is estimated that nearly 3 billion people in the world experience problems of water scarcity (of which around 800 million people lack regular access to safe, clean drinking water).

Question 15

Biomass

Answer 15

renewable organic materials, such as wood, agricultural crops or wastes, especially when used as a source or fuel or energy. biomass can be burned directly or processed into biofuels such as ethanol and methane

Question 16

energy conservation

Answer 16

reducing energy consumption through using less energy and becoming more efficient in using existing energy sources

Question 17

energy exploitation

Answer 17

developing and using energy sources at an affordable price.

Question 18

energy security

Answer 18

uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price.

Question 19

geothermal energy

Answer 19

energy generated by heat stored deep in the earth

Question 20

hydroelectric power

Answer 20

electricity generated by turbines that are driven by moving water

Question 21

solar energy

Answer 21

the suns energy exploited by solar panels, collectors or cells to heat water or air to generate electricity

Question 22

sustainable development

Answer 22

development that meets the needs of the present without limiting the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 23

nuclear power

Answer 23

the energy released by a nuclear reaction, especially by fission or fusion. Nuclear energy uses fuel made from mined and processed uranium to make steam and generate electricity

Question 24

renewable energy sources

Answer 24

A resource which is not diminished when it is used; it recurs and cannot be exhausted (at least on human timescales!). Includes wind power, tidal and wave power, solar power, and energy from Earth’s interior (geothermal).

Question 25

non-renewable energy

Answer 25

This refers to sources of energy that are ‘finite’ and will eventually run out with continued use, because they are being extracted at a rate far higher than the rate at which they are replenished. Fossil fuels are a form of non-renewable energy. Nuclear power stations require the mining of uranium which is also a finite resource and therefore non-renewable.

Question 26

sustainable energy supply

Answer 26

energy that can potentially be used well into the future without harming future generations

Question 27

wind energy

Answer 27

electrical energy obtained from harnessing the wind with windmills or wind turbines

Question 28

global warming

Answer 28

This term is usually used to refer to the warming of the Earth’s atmosphere that is currently taking place due to the human-caused increase in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide and other ‘greenhouse gases’. This is mainly occurring due to the use of fossil fuels and to deforestation (i.e. humans cutting down and clearing large areas of forest).

Question 29

greenhouse gases

Answer 29

Gases in the atmosphere that have the effect of absorbing heat given off from the surface of the Earth, thereby slowing the escape of heat energy to space and causing the lower atmosphere to warm. Water vapour, carbon dioxide, and methane are important greenhouse gases.

Question 30

LIC

Answer 30

a country where the income per person is less than $1045

Question 31

HIC

Answer 31

a country where the income per person is more than $12746

Question 32

NEE

Answer 32

countries that have begun to experince high rates of economic development have made gains in infrastructire and industrial growth