MICE: 01 - PHYSICAL EXAMS Flashcards

1
Q

what does the examination of the mouse begin with

A

a general evaluation of the macroenvironment: the room

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2
Q

recognizing the purpose of the room:

A

typically breeding or experimental –> will often provide an indication of the animal population and the anticipated health conditions
– define population by either immunocompetent vs. immunocompromised

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3
Q

what to do when checking the macroenvironment

A
  • scan the room, doing a brief assessment of the lighting, temperature, and humidity
  • look closer at the rack of interest
  • determine if anything abnormal can be notes
  • helpful to know the date of rack change-out
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4
Q

ways to assess activity level

A
  • noting enrichment use/disuse
  • fecal output
  • moisture within the cage
  • healthy animals generally use nesting material, ingest feed, and soil a cage
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5
Q

it may be beneficial to compare a cage in question with:

A

surrounding cages, as similarly populated cages generally have comparable amount of cage use (enrichment use, urine deposition, fecal matter)

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6
Q

what does examination of the mouse being with

A

visual observation followed by palpation when indicated

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7
Q

visual examination includes

A
  • mentation
  • posture, movement, and activity
  • haircoat
  • body condition
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8
Q

mentation

A

note the attitude of the animal as bright, alert, quiet, lethargic, depressed, or unconscious

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9
Q

posture, movement, and activity

A

note the manner of movement of the mouse as normal/upright and ambulatory, hunched, slow/relucant to move
– note the presence/absence and severity of lameness, ataxia, paresis, paralysis, rolling, circling, and stereotypies

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10
Q

haircut

A

observe for indications of normal, rough, greasy, unkept/ungroomed fur

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11
Q

body condition

A

assesses body condition as normal, thin, emaciated, over conditioned or obese (body scoring of 1-5)

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12
Q

palpation

A
  • may be necessary to asses body condition in haired mice
  • is also indicated for assessing and monitoring masses and other conditions, particularly of the abdomen (generalized fluid/ascites, masses, organomegaly, urinary obstruction, pregnancy)
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13
Q

a normal, healthy mouse is

A

bright, alert, upright, and ambulatory
– eyes are clear, haircut is smooth
– they are curious and alert

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