MH Ch 17

Question 1

What is cognitive impairment?

Answer 1

Cognitive impairment refers to a decline in cognitive function, including memory loss, reasoning, judgment, and language.

Question 2

True or False: Alzheimer’s disease is a type of dementia.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is the most common cause of dementia?

Answer 3

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Dementia is a syndrome characterized by a decline in ________ function.

Answer 4

cognitive

Question 5

What are some risk factors for developing Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 5

Age, family history, genetics, and certain lifestyle factors

Question 6

What is the hallmark pathology of Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 6

The accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain

Question 7

True or False: Vascular dementia is caused by a single specific disease process.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

What type of dementia is characterized by damage to the blood vessels in the brain?

Answer 8

Vascular dementia

Question 9

What is the main difference between Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia?

Answer 9

Frontotemporal dementia primarily affects behavior and personality, while Alzheimer’s disease affects memory and cognition.

Question 10

What is the role of neuroimaging in diagnosing dementia?

Answer 10

Neuroimaging techniques can help identify changes in the brain associated with different types of dementia.

Question 11

True or False: There is currently a cure for Alzheimer’s disease.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

What are some common symptoms of dementia?

Answer 12

Memory loss, confusion, difficulty with language, and changes in mood or behavior

Question 13

What is the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) used for?

Answer 13

The MMSE is a screening tool used to assess cognitive function and detect cognitive impairment.

Question 14

True or False: Dementia is a normal part of aging.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What is the main goal of treatment for dementia?

Answer 15

To manage symptoms, slow progression, and improve quality of life

Question 16

What are some non-pharmacological interventions for managing dementia?

Answer 16

Cognitive stimulation, physical exercise, and social engagement

Question 17

True or False: Alzheimer’s disease can only be definitively diagnosed after death.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What is the difference between mild cognitive impairment and dementia?

Answer 18

Mild cognitive impairment involves noticeable cognitive decline that does not significantly interfere with daily functioning, while dementia involves more severe decline that affects daily activities.

Question 19

What is the main neurotransmitter involved in Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 19

Acetylcholine

Question 20

True or False: Lewy body dementia is characterized by the presence of abnormal protein deposits in the brain.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What are some common risk factors for developing dementia?

Answer 21

Age, genetics, cardiovascular risk factors, and brain injuries

Question 22

What is the primary cause of Lewy body dementia?

Answer 22

The accumulation of abnormal protein deposits called Lewy bodies in the brain

Question 23

True or False: Frontotemporal dementia primarily affects memory function.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

What is the role of genetics in the development of Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 24

Certain genetic mutations can increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.

Question 25

True or False: Education and cognitive stimulation have been shown to reduce the risk of developing dementia.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What is the primary cause of frontotemporal dementia?

Answer 26

Degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain

Question 27

What is the main difference between dementia and delirium?

Answer 27

Dementia is a chronic, progressive condition, while delirium is an acute, reversible condition.

Question 28

True or False: Depression is a risk factor for developing dementia.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What are the 6 D’s of confusion?

Answer 29

Damage, depression, deprivation, delirium, dementia, and drugs

Question 30

*6 D’s* Causes of ___ include metabolic disorders, diseases, infections, fever, dehydration, pain, drug reactions, and lack of oxygen to the brain

Answer 30

Delirium

Question 31

*6 D’s* Causes of ___ include stroke, head injury, disease, and exposure to chemicals

Answer 31

Damage

Question 32

*6 D’s* ___ has acute onset and is sometimes reversible

Answer 32

Damage

Question 33

*6 D’s* Causes of ___ include sensory impairments, poor hearing, poor vision, loss of touch, and lack of social interaction

Answer 33

Deprivation

Question 34

*6 D’s* ____ has a variable onset and is sometimes reversible

Answer 34

Deprivation

Question 35

*6 D’s* There are over 60 causes of ___ , including cardiovascular disease, HIV, metabolic problems, and Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 35

Dementia

Question 36

*6 D’s* ____ has a slow onset and is usually not reversible

Answer 36

Dementia

Question 37

*6 D’s* Causes of ____ include loss, drugs, inner sadness, and metabolic imbalances

Answer 37

Depression

Question 38

*6 D’s* ____ has a subacute onset and is usually reversible

Answer 38

Depression

Question 39

*6 D’s* Chemical imbalances and allergic reactions can cause confusion related to ____

Answer 39

Drugs

Question 40

*6 D’s* Confusion related to ____ usually has an acute onset and is usually reversible

Answer 40

Drugs

Question 41

*6 D’s* ____ has an acute onset and is reversible if treated early

Answer 41

Delirium

Question 42

What is the most commonly prescribed drug for Alzheimer's disease?

Answer 42

Donepezil

Question 43

True or False: Memantine is used to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.

Answer 43

False

Question 44

What is the mechanism of action of cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease?

Answer 44

Inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase

Question 45

Which drug is a NMDA receptor antagonist used in Alzheimer's disease treatment?

Answer 45

Memantine

Question 46

What is the main side effect of cholinesterase inhibitors?

Answer 46

Nausea

Question 47

What is the brand name of rivastigmine?

Answer 47

Exelon

Question 48

Which drug is used to improve cognitive function in patients with dementia?

Answer 48

Galantamine

Question 49

True or False: Tacrine is a commonly used drug for Alzheimer's disease.

Answer 49

False

Question 50

What is the main side effect of Memantine?

Answer 50

Dizziness

Question 51

Which drug is a cholinesterase inhibitor used in Alzheimer's disease treatment?

Answer 51

Rivastigmine

Question 52

What is the main side effect of Galantamine?

Answer 52

Diarrhea

Question 53

Which drug is used to treat severe Alzheimer's disease?

Answer 53

Donepezil

Question 54

What is the main side effect of Memantine?

Answer 54

Headache

Question 55

Which drug is a cholinesterase inhibitor used in Alzheimer's disease treatment?

Answer 55

Tacrine

Question 56

What is the brand name of memantine?

Answer 56

Namenda

Question 57

Which drug is used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease?

Answer 57

Rivastigmine

Question 58

True or False: Galantamine is a NMDA receptor antagonist.

Answer 58

False

Question 59

What is the main side effect of Donepezil?

Answer 59

Insomnia

Question 60

Which drug is used to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease?

Answer 60

Galantamine

Question 61

What is the mechanism of action of Memantine in Alzheimer's disease?

Answer 61

Blocks NMDA receptors

Question 62

Which drug is a NMDA receptor antagonist used in Alzheimer's disease treatment?

Answer 62

Namenda

Question 63

What is the brand name of galantamine?

Answer 63

Razadyne

Question 64

Which drug is used to improve cognitive function in patients with dementia?

Answer 64

Tacrine

Question 65

True or False: Tacrine is a cholinesterase inhibitor.

Answer 65

True