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mgt 340 midterm > mgt 340 midterm > Flashcards

mgt 340 midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Morals

A

A person’s personal philosophies about what is right or wrong

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2
Q

Principles

A

Specific and pervasive boundaries for behavior that should not be violated

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3
Q

Values

A

enduring beliefs and ideals that are socially enforced

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4
Q

ethics

A

behavior or decisions made withing a groups values or morals

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5
Q

workplace integrity

A

the pressure to compromise organizational standards, observed misconduct, reporting of misconduct when observed, and retaliation against reports.

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6
Q

moral dilemma

A

two or more morals in conflict with one another

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7
Q

value dilemma

A

two or more beliefs/ideals in conflict with one another

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8
Q

consumers bill of rights

A

from President John F. Kennedy’s 1962 special message on protecting the consumer interest that outlined four basic consumer rights. The right to safety, the right to be informed, the right to choose, and the right to be heard

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9
Q

corporate social responsibility (CSR)

A

an organizations obligation to maximize its positive impacts on stakeholders and minimize its negative impact

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10
Q

Federal sentencing Guidelines for organizations (FSGO)

A

Guidelines that codified into law incentives to reward organizations for taking action to prevent misconduct, such as developing effective internal legal and ethical compliance programs

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11
Q

Sarbanes Oxley act

A

The most far-reaching change in organizational control and accounting regulations since the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 which made securities fraud a criminal offense and stiffened penalties for corporate fraud

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12
Q

dodd-frank wall street reform and consumer protection act

A

legislation that addressed some of the issues related to the financial crisis and recession and designed to make the financial services industry more ethical and responsible

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13
Q

environmental social governance (ESG)

A

A framework for evaluation of firm performance in the areas of environmental, social, and governance

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14
Q

ethical culture

A

acceptable behavior as defined by the company and industry, reflects the integrity of decisions made and is a function of many factors, including corporate policies, top managements leadership on ethical issues, the influence of coworkers, and the opportunity for unethical behavior

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15
Q

kyoto protocol

A

an international treaty meant to curb global greenhouse gas emissions by having countries voluntarily reduce national outputs

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16
Q

environmental protection agency (epa)

A

the most influential regulatory agency that deals with environmental issues and enforces environmental legislation in the united states

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17
Q

Leadership in energy and enviromental design (LEED)

A

a certification program that recognizes sustainable building practices and strategies

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18
Q

moral philosophy

A

the specific principles or values people use to decide what is right or wrong

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19
Q

economic freedom

A

a concept based on self-ownership the right to choose voluntary exchange open markets and clearly defined and enforced property rights.

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20
Q

economic value orientation

A

associated with values quantified by monetary means; according to this theory if an act produces more economic value for its efforts, then it should be accepted as ethical

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21
Q

idealism

A

a moral philosophy that places special value on ideas and ideals as products of the mind

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22
Q

realism

A

the view that an external world exists independent of our perceptions

23
Q

monists

A

believe only one thing is intrinsically good

24
Q

hedonism

A

the idea that pleasure is the ultimate good, or the best moral end involves the greatest balance of pleasure over pain

25
Q

quantitative hedonists

A

those who believe more pleasure is better

26
Q

qualitative hedonists

A

those who believe it is possible to get too much of a good thing

27
Q

pluralists

A

often referred to as non hedonists take the opposite position that no one thing is intrinsically good

28
Q

teleology

A

refer to moral philosophies in which an act is considered morally right or acceptable if it produces some desired result such as pleasure knowledge career growth the realization of self-interest utility wealth or even fame

29
Q

consequentialism

A

teleological philosophies that asses the moral worth of a behavior by looking at its consequences

30
Q

utilitarianism

A

seeks the greatest good for the greatest number of people

31
Q

rule Unitarianism

A

argue that general rules should be followed to decide which action is best

32
Q

act utilitarian

A

the rightness of each individual action must be evaluated to determine whether it produces the greatest utility for the greatest number of people

33
Q

deontology

A

refers to moral philosophies that focus on the rights of individuals and the intentions associated with a particular behavior rather than its consequences

34
Q

nonconsequentialism

A

regard for certain behaviors as inherently right, and the determination of this rightness focuses on the individual actor not on society

35
Q

rule deontologist

A

conformity to general moral principles based on logic determines ethicalness

36
Q

act deontologist

A

hold that actions are the proper basis to judge morality on ethicalness

37
Q

Kohlberg’s model of cognitive moral development (CMD)

A

theory in which people make different decisions in similar ethical situations because they are in different moral development stage

38
Q

stakeholder interaction model

A

this approach recognizes other stakeholders and explicitly acknowledges that dialogue exists between a firm’s internal and external environment

39
Q

stakeholder orientation

A

the degree to which a firm understands and addresses stakeholder demand

40
Q

corporate citizenship

A

the extent to which businesses strategically meet the economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities places on them by various stakeholders

41
Q

duty of care

A

the legal obligation of an individual or organization to make informed and prudent decisions and avoid behavior that could cause harm to others

42
Q

duty of loyalty

A

the obligation of individuals to make decisions that are in the best interest of the corporation and its stakeholders

43
Q

shareholder model of corporate governance

A

founded in classic economic precepts including the goal of maximizing wealth for investors and owners. A broader view of the purpose of business that considers stakeholder welfare in tandem with corporate needs and interests

44
Q

interlocking directorate

A

the concept of board member being linked to more than one company

45
Q

technology disruption

A

when innovation replaces existing systems and habits. EX: smart buildings, personal apparel, digital wallets, and other IoT devices.

46
Q

predictive analysis

A

using values or algorithms to provide data-backed decisions options

47
Q

big data

A

large volumes of structured and unstructured data that need to be transmitted at very high speeds. can be analyzed to discover information about the behavior, habits, and even the attitudes of people. EX: consumer shopping habits, social media activity, web browsing history, and more.

48
Q

roboethics

A

concerns the design and implementation of a code of conduct that must be programmed into the A.I. of a robot

49
Q

general data protection regulation (GDPR)

A

European union law on data protection and data privacy

50
Q

intellectual property

A

intangible ideas and creative materials

51
Q

digital divide

A

the varying levels of access to technology across social, geographical, and geopolitical groups

52
Q

bioethics

A

the ethical application and implication of ethics in medicine, healthcare, and biotechnology and the environment

53
Q

biotechnology

A

the exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purpose, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms to produce antibiotics hormones and other items

54
Q

technology assessment

A

a procedure that helps organizations evaluate the possible effects that new processes systems and products will have on business operations and stakeholders

mgt 340 midterm (1 decks)

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