MGMT 311 Exam 2 Flashcards
the structures and propensities inside a person that explain his or her characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior.
Personality
recurring trends in people’s responses to their environment
Traits
five factors that are used to summarize personalities (CANOE)
conscientiousness
agreeableness
neuroticism
openness to experience
extraversion
Conscientiousness is ____ striving
Accomplishment
Agreeableness is ___ striving
Communion
strong desire to accomplish task-related goals
accomplishment striving
strong desire to obtain acceptance in personal relationships
communion striving
strong desire to obtain power and influence within a social structure
status striving
Extraversion is ___ striving
Status
____ tends to have positive affectivity while ___ tends to have negative affectivity (out of CANOE)
Extraversion / neuroticism
dispositional tendency to experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elation
positive affectivity
tendency to experience unpleasant moods, such as hostility, nervousness, and annoyance
negative affectivity
Myers-Briggs test. what are the 16 traits
Extraversion vs Introversion
Sensing vs Intuition
Thinking vs Feeling
Judging vs Perceiving
regarding the Myers-Briggs test, managers are more likely to be ___
TJs
interest framework summarized by six different personality types
RIASEC model
what does RIASEC stand for
realistic
investigative
artistic
social
enterprising
conventional
an ongoing international research effort to examine the impact of culture on leadership attributes, behaviors, and practices
Project GLOBE
nine dimensions to summarize cultures (Project globe) (PUII GHAFP)
power distance
uncertainty avoidance
institutional collectivism
ingroup collectivism
gender egalitarianism
humane orientation
assertiveness
future orientation
performance orientation
shared values, beliefs, motives, identities, and interpretations that result from common experiences of members of a society
culture
shared beliefs about desirable end states or modes of conduct in a given culture
cultural values
out of CANOE, _____ has the strongest effect on task performance.
Conscientiousness
Many companies use _____ tests to assess job applicants
personality
most integrity tests assess a combination of ____ conscientiousness, ___ agreeableness, and ___ neuroticism along with honesty.
high/ high/ low
although both nature and nurture are important, personality is affected significantly by ____ factors.
genetic
two different taxonomies that are used to describe personality, other than Big Five.
Myers-Briggs Type Inventory and Holland’s RIASEC model
Conscientiousness has a ____ positive relationship with job performance and a ____ positive relationship with organizational commitment.
moderate/ moderate
out of the CANOE, what two typically remain quite stable throughout a person’s life?
extraversion and openness to experience
extraversion is the easiest to judge in ___ ____ situations - situations in which two people have only just met
zero acquaintance
neuroticism is associated with a ____ exposure to stressors, meaning that neurotic people are more likely to appraise day-to-day situations as stressful (and therefore feel like they are exposed to stressors more frequently)
differential
neuroticism is associated with a _____ ____ to stressors, meaning that neurotic people are less likely to believe they can cope with the stressors that they experience.
differential reactivity
_____ people are more likely to be “Type As.”
neurotic
____ people tend to hold an ____ locus of control, meaning that they often believe that the events that occur around them are driven by luck, chance, or fate.
neurotic/ external
being energized by people and social interactions
extraversion
being energized by private time and reflection
introversion
preferring clear and concrete facts and data
sensing
preferring hunches and speculations based on theory and imagination
intuition
approaching decisions with logic and critical analysis
thinking
approaching decisions with an emphasis on others’ needs and feelings
feeling
approaching tasks by planning and setting goals
judging
preferring to have flexibility and spontaneity when performing tasks
perceiving
Enjoys practical, hands-on, real-world tasks. Tends to be frank, practical, determined, and rugged
realistic
Enjoys abstract, analytical, theory-oriented tasks. Tends to be analytical, intellectual, reserved, and scholarly
investigative
Enjoys entertaining and fascinating others using imagination. Tends to be original, independent, impulsive, and creative
artistic
Enjoys helping, serving, or assisting others. Tends to be helpful, inspiring, informative, and empathetic
social
Enjoys persuading, leading, or outperforming others. Tends to be energetic, sociable, ambitious, and risk-taking
enterprising
Enjoys organizing, counting, or regulating people or things. Tends to be careful, conservative, self-controlled, and structured
conventional
The RIASEC model further suggests that the personality types can be classified along two dimensions: the degree to which employees prefer to work with ____ versus ____ and the degree to which they prefer to work with ____ versus ____.
data/ ideas/ people/ things
this culture tends to be a loosely knit social framework where people take care of themselves and their immediate family
individualistic
the culture tends to be a tight social framework where people take care of the members of a broader ingroup and act loyal to it
collectivistic
the culture tends to prefer that power be distributed uniformly where possible, in a more egalitarian fashion
low power distance
the culture tends to accept the fact that power is usually distributed unequally within organizations
high power distance
the culture tends to tolerate uncertain and ambiguous situations and values unusual ideas and behaviors
low uncertainty avoidance
the culture tends to feel threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situations and relies on formal rules to create stability
high uncertainty avoidance
the culture tends to value stereotypically male traits such as assertiveness and the acquisition of money and things
masculine
the culture tends to value stereotypically female traits such as caring for others and caring about quality of life
feminine
the culture tends to stress values that are more past- and present-oriented, such as respect for tradition and fulfilling obligations
short-term-oriented
the culture tends to stress values that are more future-oriented, such as persistence, prudence, and thrift.
long-term-oriented
formalized practices encourages collective action and collective distribution of resources
institutional collectivism
individuals express pride and loyalty to specific ingroups
ingroup collectivism
culture promotes gender equality and minimizes role differences between men and women
gender egalitarianism
culture values assertiveness, confrontation, and aggressiveness in social relationships
assertiveness
culture engages in planning and investment in the future while delaying individual or collective gratification
future orientation
culture tends to value expression of desires related to freedom, leisure, and activity
indulgent
culture tends to value stricter social norms, with a focus on order and regulation
restrained
culture encourages and rewards members for excellence and performance improvements.
performance orientation
culture encourages and rewards members for being generous, caring, kind, fair, and altruistic.
humane orientation
Five Personality Dimensions that can maximize performance and commitment of expatriates (Multicultural personality questionnaire) (SOFEC)
social initiative
open-mindedness
flexibility
emotional stability
cultural empathy
Cultural Taxonomies (two)
Hostede Dimensions
Project GLOBE Dimensions
personality tests that focus specifically on a predisposition to engage in theft and other counterproductive behaviors
integrity tests
two general varieties of integrity tests
clear purpose tests and veiled purpose tests
ask applicants about their attitudes toward dishonesty, beliefs about the frequency of dishonesty, endorsements of common rationalizations for dishonesty, desire to punish dishonesty, and confessions of past dishonesty.
clear purpose tests
assess more general personality traits that are associated with dishonest acts.
veiled purpose tests
