MG Employment

Question 1

what is trajectory?

Answer 1

is the path of round in flight to the target, recoil, stability and control of the weapon will affect the trajectory on the round

Question 2

what is MAX ordinate?

Answer 2

is the highest point of trajectory between the muzzle of the weapon and the base of the target, it occurs 2/3 of the distance between the weapon and the target, Max ordinates increases as range increases.

Question 3

what is cone of fire?

Answer 3

each round fired in burst from the same weapon has slightly different trajectory, the pattern these rounds create on the way to the target is called cone of fire, the cone of fire is created by the vibration of the guns, various in ammo and atmospheric condition.

Question 4

what is beaten zone?

Answer 4

is the elliptical pattern formed on the ground on the target by striking rounds. the length of the beaten zone changes as the range to the target increases. sloping terrain and short range will lengthen the beaten zone.

Question 5

what is danger zone?

Answer 5

is the space between the machine gun and the target where the trajectory rises less than 1.8 m from the ground

Question 6

3 types of classes of fire

Answer 6

respect to the ground, target and weapon

Question 7

4 types of respect to the target?

Answer 7

frontal
flanking
oblique
enfilade

Question 8

what is grazing fire?

Answer 8

occurs when the center of the cone of fire rises less than 1 meter above the ground.

Question 9

what is plunging fire?

Answer 9

occurs when the danger space is within the beaten zone. plunging fire occurs at longer ranges, when firing from high ground onto low ground, and when firing into abruptly rising ground.

Question 10

6 types of respect to the weapon?

Answer 10

fixed 
traversing 
searching 
traversing and searching 
swinging traverse 
free-gun

Question 11

what is overhead fire?

Answer 11

can be applied when friendly troops are at least 350m in front of the gun position and the range to the target is 850m or less

Question 12

what is defilade position?

Answer 12

defilade is when a machine gun and it’s crew are completely behind terrain that masks them from the enemy.

Question 13

what are the advantages?

Answer 13

crew has some cover and concealment
some freedom of movement
controlwand supply are easier to accomplish
hidden from enemy observation

Question 14

what are the disadvantages?

Answer 14

rapidly moving targets are hard to engage.
close targets are nearly impossible to engage.
final protective fires do not apply.
communication of direction and elevation can be difficult.

Question 15

what are the methods of fire control?

Answer 15

verbal
hand and arm signal
prearranged signals
personal contact
range cards
SOP
observation 
fire 
leaders check
return of fire
rate of fire
shift fire

Question 16

prearranged signals

Answer 16

flares
phase lines
smokes
tracers
brevity codes
lulls in fire 
taps

Question 17

2 types of application of fires

Answer 17

enemy soilders and supporting auto weapons

Question 18

what is frontal fire

Answer 18

occurs when the long axis of the beaten zone is at a right angle to the front of the target or in line with the target.

Question 19

flanking fire

Answer 19

occurs when the gunner is to flank of the target

Question 20

what is point target?

Answer 20

for point target the gunner uses fixed fire.

Question 21

what is area target?

Answer 21

for an area target the gunner fires at the center mass of the target and than traverse and search

Question 22

what is linear target?

Answer 22

the linear point of aim is the midpoint and than the gunner manipulates his fire to cover the rest of the target.

Question 23

what is the review of the application of fire?

Answer 23

point target - fixed fire
area target - traverse and search 
linear target - traversing 
deep target - searching
linear target with depths - traverse and search

Question 24

what are the employment techniques?

Answer 24

accurate, sustainable, safe, suppressive ,timely and deadly fires.

Question 25

what is observation adjustments

Answer 25

observation is placed to the rear of position along the gun target line

Question 26

what is fire control, but is not limited to:

Answer 26

leaders and soilder planning 
designation of targets 
midpoint n flanks
signals
rates of fire

Question 27

what is prearranged signals?

Answer 27

flares, smokes, phase line, tracers, brevity codes,lulls in fire, taps

Question 28

6 elements of fire commands

Answer 28

alert 
direction
description 
range
method of fire 
command to open fire

Question 29

principal of MG employment

Answer 29

mutual support 
coordination 
interlocking fire
sited in defilade
aired to produce enfilade of fire
covered and concealment
economy of ammo