Methods of Studyinh Microorganisms Flashcards
It allows small numbers of organisms present in a sample viable for laboratory evaluation
Culture or Cultivation
What are the general methods of study?
Microscopic Examination Culture or Cultivation Biochemical tests Animal Inoculation Serologic Tests Molecular Techniques
It is the use of commercially available kit
Enterotube System
Types of Stain used
Simple Stain
Differential Stain
Negative Stain
Special Stain
Another term for molecular techniques
Nucleic Acid-based methods
Preparation of a bacterial smear
Thin smear
Air dried
Heat-fixed
3 Categories for Molecular Technique
Hybridization
Amplification
Sequencing and Enzymatic Digestion
Period of incubation
24-48 hrs
Types of culture accdg to composition
Synthetic
Nonsynthetic
Living tissue
Special stains
Dorner Anthony, Hiss Leiffson Gray Albert’s Methylene Blue Fontana Trebondeau
Gram (+)
Blue or violet
Gram (-)
Red color
Rationale for acid-fast organism is red
Presence of mycoluc acid
Component of Differential Gram Stain
Hucker
Component of Differential Acid Fast stain
Zeihl Neelsen
Gram’s rule
All cocci are positive except Branhamella, Moraxella, Veilonella and Neisseria
All bacilli are negative except Clostridium, Genus Bacillus, Corynebacterium and Mycobacterium
Microscopic Examination is also known as
Visualization or Optical method
Tests that are used to identify organisms grown in culture
Biochemical tests
Type of immunity in which you are involved in producing antibody
Active
The visible mass of growth of a microorganism
colony
Stain used in Negative stain
India ink
10% Nigrosin dye
Types microscope used
Darkfield
Brightfield
Electron
The term being used which is associated with the conventional culture methods
Phenotype
It is a foreign object described to be non-self entering the host body to elicit antibody formation
Antigen
Uses transmitted light
Brightfield
Uses reflected light
Darkfield
Dorner
Spores
Leiffson
Flagella
Fontana Trebondeau
Treponema
Rational on why is it gram negative
Presence of lipids
What decolorizer is used in the acid-fast chain?
Acid alcohol
What primary stain is used in the Gram stain?
Crystal violet
What mordant is used in the gram stain?
Gram’s iodine
Rationale why gram positive is blue or violet
Presence of protein Mg ribonucleate
Counterstain of acid fast chain
Methylene blue
Primary stain of Acid fast chain
Carbol Fuschin
Gray
Flagella
Anthony, Hiss
Capsule
Presence of colony
Solid medium
Types of culture medium accdg to physical state
Solid medium
Semisolid medium
Broth medium
Examples of broth medium
Urea and lactose broth
Other term for solid medium
Agar medium
How many percent of agar does semi solid has?
0.3-0.5%
How many percent of agar does solid medium has?
1-2%
Ideal temp for bacteria to grow
37 degrees celsius
Turbidity, change in color, presence of bubble or gas
Broth medium
Example of semi solid medium
Sulfide Indole Motility medium
Counter stain of gram stain method
Safranin
It is the substance produced by the immune system as a result of antigenic stimulation and is specific to the antigen
Antibody
Term being used which means to characterize etiologic agents of diseases
Genotype
Analysis of the microbial DNA or RNA
Molecular technique
Uses the concept of immunology
Serologic tests
An artificial substance which supports the growth of the organism
Culture medium
Involves in the isolation of the organism
Culture or Cultivation
Commonly used methods in the laboratory
Microscopic
Culture
Biochemical
Albert’s Methylene Blue
Cytoplasmic Granules
Uses stained or unstained smears
Microscopic examination
A grape smell bacteria
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Used to identify the organisms grown in culture
Biochemical tests
Used to demonstrate virulence
Animal Inoculation
Best blood host
Sheep
New methods
Serologic test
Molecular techniques
Demonstrate effects of drugs
Animal inoculation
Animal inoculation is used in the making of ___ & ____
Antiserum ans antitoxins
Demonstrating the presence of antigen and antibody in the blood of patient
Serologic tests
Rationale why smears must be air dried
To maintain the bacterial morphology
Rationale why smears must be heat-fixed
Kills organism and allows smear to adhere on the slide
Rationale why smear must be thin
Avoid overlapping of cells
Avoid washing out smears
Phases of microscopic study
Use of stained organisms
Use of unstained organisms
Microscope used for the study of viruses and parasites
Electron
Microscope used for the study of spirochetes
Darkfield
Microscope used for the study of bacteria, fungi and paeasites
Brightfield
It offers a manner of studying the organism in its living state
Use of unstained organisms
Example of using the unstained organisms
Wet mount
Hanging drop
Darkfield Mx
Newest advances in laboratory diagnosis
Molecular techniques
Stain used on simple stain
Crystal violet
Safranin
Stain used in differential stain
Gram stain
Acid fast stain
Another term for broth medium
Liquid medium
Type of immunity where antibody is preformed
Passive
Enzyme systems
Coagulase
It offers a manner of grouping the organisms based on their morphology
Microscopic examination
