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Microbiology and Parasitology > Methods of Studyinh Microorganisms > Flashcards

Methods of Studyinh Microorganisms Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

It allows small numbers of organisms present in a sample viable for laboratory evaluation

A

Culture or Cultivation

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2
Q

What are the general methods of study?

A 
Microscopic Examination
Culture or Cultivation
Biochemical tests
Animal Inoculation
Serologic Tests
Molecular Techniques
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3
Q

It is the use of commercially available kit

A

Enterotube System

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4
Q

Types of Stain used

A

Simple Stain
Differential Stain
Negative Stain
Special Stain

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5
Q

Another term for molecular techniques

A

Nucleic Acid-based methods

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6
Q

Preparation of a bacterial smear

A

Thin smear
Air dried
Heat-fixed

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7
Q

3 Categories for Molecular Technique

A

Hybridization
Amplification
Sequencing and Enzymatic Digestion

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8
Q

Period of incubation

A

24-48 hrs

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9
Q

Types of culture accdg to composition

A

Synthetic
Nonsynthetic
Living tissue

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10
Q

Special stains

A 
Dorner
Anthony, Hiss
Leiffson
Gray
Albert’s Methylene Blue
Fontana Trebondeau
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11
Q

Gram (+)

A

Blue or violet

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12
Q

Gram (-)

A

Red color

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13
Q

Rationale for acid-fast organism is red

A

Presence of mycoluc acid

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14
Q

Component of Differential Gram Stain

A

Hucker

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15
Q

Component of Differential Acid Fast stain

A

Zeihl Neelsen

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16
Q

Gram’s rule

A

All cocci are positive except Branhamella, Moraxella, Veilonella and Neisseria
All bacilli are negative except Clostridium, Genus Bacillus, Corynebacterium and Mycobacterium

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17
Q

Microscopic Examination is also known as

A

Visualization or Optical method

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18
Q

Tests that are used to identify organisms grown in culture

A

Biochemical tests

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19
Q

Type of immunity in which you are involved in producing antibody

A

Active

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20
Q

The visible mass of growth of a microorganism

A

colony

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21
Q

Stain used in Negative stain

A

India ink

10% Nigrosin dye

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22
Q

Types microscope used

A

Darkfield
Brightfield
Electron

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23
Q

The term being used which is associated with the conventional culture methods

A

Phenotype

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24
Q

It is a foreign object described to be non-self entering the host body to elicit antibody formation

A

Antigen

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25
Q

Uses transmitted light

A

Brightfield

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26
Q

Uses reflected light

A

Darkfield

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27
Q

Dorner

A

Spores

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28
Q

Leiffson

A

Flagella

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29
Q

Fontana Trebondeau

A

Treponema

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30
Q

Rational on why is it gram negative

A

Presence of lipids

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31
Q

What decolorizer is used in the acid-fast chain?

A

Acid alcohol

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32
Q

What primary stain is used in the Gram stain?

A

Crystal violet

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33
Q

What mordant is used in the gram stain?

A

Gram’s iodine

34
Q

Rationale why gram positive is blue or violet

A

Presence of protein Mg ribonucleate

35
Q

Counterstain of acid fast chain

A

Methylene blue

36
Q

Primary stain of Acid fast chain

A

Carbol Fuschin

37
Q

Gray

A

Flagella

38
Q

Anthony, Hiss

A

Capsule

39
Q

Presence of colony

A

Solid medium

40
Q

Types of culture medium accdg to physical state

A

Solid medium
Semisolid medium
Broth medium

41
Q

Examples of broth medium

A

Urea and lactose broth

42
Q

Other term for solid medium

A

Agar medium

43
Q

How many percent of agar does semi solid has?

A

0.3-0.5%

44
Q

How many percent of agar does solid medium has?

A

1-2%

45
Q

Ideal temp for bacteria to grow

A

37 degrees celsius

46
Q

Turbidity, change in color, presence of bubble or gas

A

Broth medium

47
Q

Example of semi solid medium

A

Sulfide Indole Motility medium

48
Q

Counter stain of gram stain method

A

Safranin

49
Q

It is the substance produced by the immune system as a result of antigenic stimulation and is specific to the antigen

A

Antibody

50
Q

Term being used which means to characterize etiologic agents of diseases

A

Genotype

51
Q

Analysis of the microbial DNA or RNA

A

Molecular technique

52
Q

Uses the concept of immunology

A

Serologic tests

53
Q

An artificial substance which supports the growth of the organism

A

Culture medium

54
Q

Involves in the isolation of the organism

A

Culture or Cultivation

55
Q

Commonly used methods in the laboratory

A

Microscopic
Culture
Biochemical

56
Q

Albert’s Methylene Blue

A

Cytoplasmic Granules

57
Q

Uses stained or unstained smears

A

Microscopic examination

58
Q

A grape smell bacteria

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

59
Q

Used to identify the organisms grown in culture

A

Biochemical tests

60
Q

Used to demonstrate virulence

A

Animal Inoculation

61
Q

Best blood host

A

Sheep

62
Q

New methods

A

Serologic test

Molecular techniques

63
Q

Demonstrate effects of drugs

A

Animal inoculation

64
Q

Animal inoculation is used in the making of ___ & ____

A

Antiserum ans antitoxins

65
Q

Demonstrating the presence of antigen and antibody in the blood of patient

A

Serologic tests

66
Q

Rationale why smears must be air dried

A

To maintain the bacterial morphology

67
Q

Rationale why smears must be heat-fixed

A

Kills organism and allows smear to adhere on the slide

68
Q

Rationale why smear must be thin

A

Avoid overlapping of cells

Avoid washing out smears

69
Q

Phases of microscopic study

A

Use of stained organisms

Use of unstained organisms

70
Q

Microscope used for the study of viruses and parasites

A

Electron

71
Q

Microscope used for the study of spirochetes

A

Darkfield

72
Q

Microscope used for the study of bacteria, fungi and paeasites

A

Brightfield

73
Q

It offers a manner of studying the organism in its living state

A

Use of unstained organisms

74
Q

Example of using the unstained organisms

A

Wet mount
Hanging drop
Darkfield Mx

75
Q

Newest advances in laboratory diagnosis

A

Molecular techniques

76
Q

Stain used on simple stain

A

Crystal violet

Safranin

77
Q

Stain used in differential stain

A

Gram stain

Acid fast stain

78
Q

Another term for broth medium

A

Liquid medium

79
Q

Type of immunity where antibody is preformed

A

Passive

80
Q

Enzyme systems

A

Coagulase

81
Q

It offers a manner of grouping the organisms based on their morphology

A

Microscopic examination

Microbiology and Parasitology (2 decks)

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