Methods of Research and Thesis Writing

Question 1

It is a key to progress

Answer 1

Research

Question 2

He defines research as a “careful, critical, disciplined inquiry, varying in technique and method according to the nature and conditions of the problem identified, directed toward the classification or resolution (or both) of a problem

Answer 2

Good, p.464

Question 3

He says that “research is, simply, the systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic or problem. After a careful, systematic search for the research worker has analyzed and interpreted the data, he eventually faces another essential task – that of preparing the research report.”

Answer 3

Aquino, p.1

Question 4

He defines research as “a systematic study or investigation of something for the purpose of answering questions posed by the research”

Answer 4

Parel (Cited by Sanchez, p.2)

Question 5

They commented that “research in its broadest sense is an attempt to gain solutions to problems. More precisely, it is the collection of data in a rigorously controlled situation for the purpose of prediction or explanation.”

Answer 5

Treece and Treece, p.3

Question 6

He defined as “the process of gathering data or information to information to solve a particular or specific problem in a scientific manner.”

Answer 6

Manuel and Medel, p.5

Question 7

It may be defined as a purposive, systematic and scientific process of gathering, analysing, classifying, organizing, presenting, and interpreting data for the solution of a problem, for prediction, for invention, for the discovery of truth, or for the expansion or verification of existing knowledge, all for the preservation and improvement of the quality of human life.

Answer 7

Research

Question 8

Enumeration: Purpose of Research (Aims, Objectives, Goals)

Answer 8

1. To discover new facts about known phenomena.
2. To find answers to problems which are only partially solved by existing methods and information.
3. Improve existing techniques and develop new instruments or products.
4. To discover previously unrecognized substances or elements.
5. Discover pathways of action of known substances and elements.
6. To order relate, valid generalizations into systematized science
7. To provide basis for decision-making in business, industry, education, government, and in other undertakings.
8. To satisfy the researcher’s curiosity.
9. To find answer to queries by means of scientific methods.
10. To acquire a better and deeper understanding about one phenomenon that can be known and understood better by research is why women are generally smaller than men.
11. To expand or verify existing knowledge.
12. To improve educational practices for raising the quality of school products.
13. To promote health and prolong life.
14. To provide man with more of his basic needs-more and better food, clothing, shelter, etc.
15. To make work, travel, and communication faster, easier, and more comfortable

Question 9

Enumeration: Characteristics of Good Research

Answer 9

*Research gathers new knowledge or data from primary or first hand source.
*Research is expect, systematic and accurate investigation.
*Research is logical and objectives, applying every possible test to verify the data collected and the procedures employed.
*Research endeavors to organize data in quantitative terms, if possible, and express them numerical measure.
*Research is carefully recorded ad reported

Question 10

Enumeration: characteristics of research may summarized as follows

Answer 10

1. Research is systematic.
2. Research is controlled.
3. Research is empirical.
4. Research is analytical.
5. Research is objective, unbiased, and logical.
6. Research employs hypothesis.
7. Research employs quantitative or statistical methods.
8. Research is original work.
9. Research is done by an expert.
10. Research is accurate investigation, observation and description.
11. Research is patient and unhurried activity.
12. Research requires an effort-making capacity.
13. Research requires courage.

Question 11

According to Treece and Treece, Jr. (pp. 47-48), the differences between the two are summarized as follows

Answer 11

Research:
1. There may not be a problem, only interest in answering a question or a query
2. A research problem is more rigorous and broader in scope
3. the research problem is not necessarily defined specifically
4. All research is intended to solve some kind of problem but this is not the primary aim
5. Research is conducted not primarily to solve a problem but to make a contribution to general knowledge
6. Research is concerned with broad problems, and wide application through generalization

Problem-Solving:
1. There is always a problem to be solved
2. A problem to be solved is less rigorous and less broad
3. The problem to be solved has to be defined specifically and identified definitely
4. Problem-solving does not always involve research
5. Problem-solving is always intended to solve a problem
6. Problem-solving is concerned with specific problem and once the problem is solved that is the end of it

Question 12

Enumeration: Kinds and Classifications of Research

Answer 12

*According to goal
*According to the levels of investigation
*According to choice of answers to problems
*According to statistical content
*According to time element

Question 13

Enumeration: The Scientific Method of Research (Treece and Treece, Jr., p.47)

Answer 13

1. Determining (recognizing) the problem;
2. Forming a hypothesis;
3. Doing the library search;
4. Designing the study;
5. Developing the instruments for collecting data;
6. Collecting data;
7. Analyzing data;
8. Determining implications and conclusion from the findings;
9. Making recommendations for further research.

Question 14

Enumeration: Principles of the scientific method

Answer 14

*Rigid control,
*Objectivity,
*Systematic organization, and
*Rigorous standards

Question 15

refers to the manipulation of the research variables.

Answer 15

Rigid control

Question 16

are those things that vary in quantity and quality which are to be manipulated by the researcher

Answer 16

Variables

Question 17

means that there should be no bias or partiality in treating the results of the inquiry

Answer 17

Objectivity

Question 18

refers to proper and accurate tabulation of data as well as presenting them in statistical tables ready for interpretation.

Answer 18

Systematic organization

Question 19

It is the application of the result of pure research. This is testing the efficacy of theories and principles.

Answer 19

Applied research

Question 20

In ___________, the researcher studies the variables pertinent to a specific situation.

Answer 20

exploratory research

Question 21

In ______________, the researcher studies the relationship of the variables.

Answer 21

descriptive research

Question 22

In _____________, the experiment studies the effects of the variables on each other

Answer 22

experimental research

Question 23

that is concerned with finding answers to problems can be categorized into evaluation and developmental research.

Answer 23

Research

Question 24

In ____________, all possible courses of action are specified and identified and the researcher tries to find the most advantageous.

Answer 24

evaluation research

Question 25

In ______________, the focus is on finding or developing a more suitable instrument or process than has been available.

Answer 25

developmental research

Question 26

is one in which inferential statistics are utilized to determine the results of the study.

Answer 26

Quantitative or statistical research

Question 27

such as correlation, chi-square, analysis or variance, etc. are used to test the hypothesis. This type of research usually includes comparison studies, cause-effect and relationships, etc.

Answer 27

Inferential statistics

Question 28

This is research in which the use of quantity or statistics is practically null

Answer 28

Non-quantitative research

Question 29

According to _________, best classifies research as historical, descriptive, and experimental

Answer 29

time and element

Question 30

refers to the setting up of standards or principles which serve as bases for evaluating the finding of the study

Answer 30

fourth principle

Question 31

must follow the scientific method of research.

Answer 31

Designing the study

Question 32

also includes deciding on the method of research to be used, the study population, the instrument for gathering data and its preparation, the sampling design, statistical treatment of data, and analysis and presentation of data.

Answer 32

Designing the study

Question 33

Enumeration: three major research methods

Answer 33

historical, descriptive, and experimental methods of research

Question 34

Enumeration: different methods of collecting data

Answer 34

interview, questionnaire, observation, tests, and others

Question 35

Enumeration: Sampling designs

Answer 35

pure ramdom, systematic, stratefied, cluster and other types

Question 36

any significant, perplexing and challening situation, real or artificial, the solution of which requires reflective thingking

Answer 36

problem (Dewey)

Question 37

a perplexing situation after it has been translated into a question or series of questions that help determine the direction of subsequent inqury.

Answer 37

problem (Dewey)

Question 38

Enumeration: Elements of a Research Problem

Answer 38

*Aim or purpose of the problem for investigation.
*The subject matter or topic to be investigated.
*The place or locale where the research is to be conducted.
*The period or time of the study during which the data are to be gathered.
*Population or universe from whom the data are to be collected.

Question 39

TorF: Elements of a Research Problem respectively answer questions starting with why, what, where, when, and who or from whom.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Enumeration: Guidelines in the Selection of a Research Problem or Topic

Answer 40

*The research problem or topic must be chosen by the researcher himself.
* It must be within the interest of the researcher.
*It must be within the specialization of the researcher.
*It must be within the competence of the researcher to tackle.
*It must be within the ability to the researcher to finance, otherwise he must be able to find funding for his research
*It is researchable and manageable
*It can be completed within a reasonable period of time unless it is a longitudinal research which takes a long time for its completion.
*It is significant, important, and relevant to the present time and situation, timely, and of current interest

Question 41

TorF: The researcher must know the method of research and other research procedures applicable to his problem and he must know to apply them

Answer 41

True

Question 42

TorF: Research involves not a small amount of expense and the researcher must be able to foot the bills until his study is completed

Answer 42

True

Question 43

TorF: Data are not available and accessible

Answer 43

False

Question 44

TorF: The hypotheses formulated are testable, that is, they can be accepted or rejected

Answer 44

True

Question 45

TorF: Equipment and instruments for research are available and can give valid and reliable results.

Answer 45

True