Methods Of Production

Question 1

What are the method of production for sparkling?

Answer 1

Traditional method
Method ancestral
Charmat process/cuvée close/tank method
Continuous method/Russian continuous method
Carbonation

Question 2

Explain disgorgement

Answer 2

The cellar master is operating the remuage in order to put all sediment in the neck.
Then they freeze it and disgorge

Question 3

What is it used to topped up the wine after disgorgement?

Answer 3

Liqueur de dosage called liqueur d’expedition.

Question 4

What is liqueur d’expedition

Answer 4

A mixture of sugar syrup and wine that is added after disgorgement

Question 5

What are the 4 steps of traditional method production

Answer 5

Pressing
Assemblage
2nd fermentation
Disgorgement

Question 6

What is it used to initiate the 2nd fermentation and when does it appear?

Answer 6

Liqueur de tirage used after the debourbage, assemblage and stabilisation.
It is a mixture of still wine, yeast, sugar and fining agent.

Question 7

What is the French name for the 2nd fermentation?

Answer 7

Prise de mousse

Question 8

How long does the prise de mousse last for?

Answer 8

8 weeks on average.

Question 9

How much alcohol does the prise de mousse produced?

Answer 9

The yeast breaks down and the alcohol increase by 1.2 to 1.3% when the atmosphere reached 5 to 6 bars.

Question 10

Explain the charmât method

Answer 10

After 1st fermentation liqueur de tirage is added.
Provoking 2nd fermentation which occurs in pressurised tank or autoclave.
Wine is chilled and bottled with dosage once rich 5 atm.

Question 11

Explain the continuous method.

Answer 11

Develop in URSS.
Similar than tank method, by base wine is pumped through a series of interconnected tanks while undergoing 2nd fermentation.
Liqueur de tirage is constantly added.
Sekt method.

Question 12

Max extraction in champagne?

Answer 12

102L/160kg

2550L/4t

Question 13

what are the other name of the Charmat Method?

Answer 13

Cuvée close

Tank Method

Question 14

What region/appellation are known for Tank Method?

Answer 14

Asti DOCG

Prosecco

Question 15

if my wine is still fermenting and transferred to bottle? what will happen? what is the name of it? what are the requirement of this method?

Answer 15

The wine will then keep fermenting in the bottle creating the sparkle.
it is called Ancestral method
There is no need of liquor de Tirage and Dosage is not allowed.
The wine will be disgorged, filtered and rebottled before to sale.

Question 16

name the most famous Ancestral method wines of France?

Answer 16

Bugey Cerdon
Clairette de Die methode Dioise Ancestrale
Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Gaillacoise
Limoux

Question 17

What wine from France is the closest to Moscato d’Asti in Italy in term of Style?

Answer 17

Methode Dioise Ancestrale.

Question 18

particularity of the Méthode Dioise Ancestrale?

Answer 18

min 55g/l of RS
no second fermentation
min 4.5% Alc when bottled
min 4 months on lees
the finished wine must have min 35g/l of RS
no min ATM.
the 20g/l RS difference infer 4.5 ATM min

Question 19

what is the other name of Méthode Ancestral?

Answer 19

Methode Rurale

Question 20

What is Tranversage?

Answer 20

it is a traditional method, used in the case of bottling small bottle or anything above Jeroboam.

Question 21

What is transfer Method?

Answer 21

start as traditional method.
After the lees ageing, wine is transferred to a pressured Tank.
it is then clarified (filtration) to remove the lees.
dosage added and wine bottled

Question 22

why is Transfer method dying?

Answer 22

High cost (traditional)
do not have the advantage of the traditional method (autolysis)

Question 23

What is Autolysis?

Answer 23

dead yeast (lees) in contact with wine after 2nd fermentation.
Recommended to high quality produced sparkling. the longer in contact (5 Years +) and the better the result.