Methods of modifying: Behavioural therapy

Question 1

a01

Answer 1

The cognitive approach sees the illness as being caused with the internal mental process that usually make us make sense of the world. In schizophrenics these processes are not working as they should and the result of this are delusions and maladaptive thinking. Clients are therefore taught to recognise exampled of dysfunctional or delusional thinking, then they receive help on how to avoid acting on these thoughts, This will not get rid of the symptoms of schz but it van help the clients cope with it more, For example, if the schz hears voices, CBT may emphasise that they come from the individuals mind not form an external source. For those who experience delusions, the therapist may challenge these thought and test them in a controlled environment so the patient may see the for the false beliefs they are.

Question 2

Smith et al; Engagement therapies

Answer 2

Smith et al identified key treatments using cat to manage schz. one of these are engagement strategies. The patients will talk about their worries or symptoms of particular concern. Therapist will try to develop a rapport with the client experience with them. This is important as the client may have negative experiences with other treatments or therapists or have paranoia, The therapist and client will discuss coping strategies to help the client manage their symptoms. also allows client to appreciate their role as an expert in their own illness.

Question 3

Albert ellis: verbal challenge

Answer 3

Created abc model to explain irrational thinking. Activating an event leads to a belied which may be rational/irrational and then lead to a feeling which is healthy/unhealthy. Extended to ABCDE, he included logical and empirical questions to challenge these beliefs and emotions.

Question 4

psycho-education

Answer 4

explain about the symptoms, treatment options and recovery within either an individual or group setting. it can help families of schz help understand their diagnoses and support treatembr. It serves three main functions 1) it normalises the experiences of psychotic symptoms and offers alternative explanations for these. 2) it increases the clients inderstmading of the context I’m which their symptoms occur 3) it enables the therapist to further asses the clients understanding of the illness.

Question 5

Relapse strategies

Answer 5

important for the long term management of the illness. The therapist and client identify early warning signs of relapse, in rude the client identifying thoughts behaviours and feelings experiences before the schz. Asses how they get on with others and what significant others thought before they became unwell, Develop places when these indicators are observed.

Question 6

Tarrier

Answer 6

tarrier used detailed interview techniques and found that people with schizophrenia can often identify triggers to the onset psychotic symptoms and develop their own methods of coping with the distress caused, These might include things as simple as turning up the TV to drown out the voices they were hearing. Atl least 73% of his sample reported that strategies were successful in managing their symptoms.

Question 8

Kuipers et al

Answer 8

conducted research on 60 individuals who each had positive and distressing symptoms that were medication resistant. One group allocated to CBT plus standard care another allocated just standard care. After 9 months 50% of age ppt within the cBT group improved whereas the non cat group only had a 31% success rate whilst three ppts worsened and one ppt committed suicide.

Question 9

Jauhar

Answer 9

Reported only a small therapeutic effect from using clients with CBT. Therefore, CBT therapy can be considered an inconsistent approach of tackling schizophrenic symptoms. CBT is a very reductionist approac, suggesting that all behaviour is determined by cognitive influences, which isn’t efficient, as in order to understand complex human behaviour, we need complex solutions in order to deal with them.