methods/approaches in philo Flashcards
state of existence of things independent of
human consciousness
reality
It includes physical things that we SEE, FEEL, TASTE, and SMELL
reality
refers to perfect knowledge that is free from error or doubt
certainty
Philosophy seeks to achieve certainty in its quest for ________ and _________.
knowledge and truth
A Priori knowledge
rationalism
A POSTERIORI knowledge
empiricism
all knowledge is UNCERTAIN
skepticism
causes of events and phenomena
causality
Philosophers analyze causality by examining events in the context of a ________________.
cause and effect relationship
the capacity of man to govern/control his action
agency
ability to choose
free will
event is determined by a specific set of events/factors
determinism
standards of right and wrong which define
human behavior
ethics
It is a method of analyzing a topic by formulating a series of questions designed
to analyze its various aspects, and examine and clarify a person’s views on it.
socratic method
steps at arriving at the truth (3)
- Give an initial definition of a thing or a concept
- Look for characteristics not captured in the initial definition
- Give a new definition
enables us to move from state of “not knowing” to that of “knowing”
socratic methods
________ can be compared to a debate competition
Eristike
______ is rather constructive
Dialektike
father of modern philosophy
RENE DESCARTES
He doubted Authority Experience Mathematics His existence
RENE DESCARTES
sought to understand ‘certainty
RENE DESCARTES
he eliminated the ideas in his mind that can be doubted. This is ________
METHODIC DOUBT
Reducing complex ideas to their parts or individual constituents
reductionist
Works under the assumption that all properties in a given system cannot be broken down by its component parts alone, but rather the system as whole entity decides how the individual parts behave
holistic
