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Methods > Methods > Flashcards

Methods Flashcards

1
Q

Finish the quote: ‘Global history as the quest for _________ in order to analyse __________ and _________ of historical processes

A

Global history as the quest for moving beyond sectoral boundaries in order to analyse the connectedness and specify of historical processes.

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2
Q

Chakrabaty (2000) ‘Provincialising Europe….’ Name two main points.

A
  1. Europe as ‘engine’ and ‘model’ of history - cradle of modern historiography
  2. The ‘rest’ a history of ‘not yet’ a stagist theory of history p.9
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3
Q

What is methodological nationalism, as defined by wimmer + schiller (2002) ?

A

The assumption that the national state/society is the natural social and political form of the modern world.

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4
Q

What are the three approaches to the nation, and what do they do?

A
  1. IGNORANCE - ignoring the national modernity frame
  2. NATURALISATION - taking national discourses for granted
  3. TERRITORIAL LIMITATION - boundaries of the nations ‘container model’

They create a self reinforcing epistemological structure

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5
Q

Name Conrad’s 3 varieties of global history (2016)

A
  1. worldwide history (what happens globally)
  2. focus on exchange and connections
  3. history based on the concept of global integration
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6
Q

Name Conrad’s 8 features of global history (2016)

A
  1. Not only macro perspectives
  2. Alternative notions of space
  3. Inherently relational
  4. “spatial turn”
  5. Synchronicity of events
  6. Self-reflexivity
  7. Explicit positionality
  8. Beyond exclusive focus on exchange and connections
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7
Q

What is a periodisation?

A

dividing the past into meaningful and distinct periods - cultural, political, economical

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8
Q

Give an example of a periodisation - and the year that is perceived as the ‘beginning’ of globalisation

A

modes of production - slavery / feudalism / capitalism

1492 - beginning of globalisation, capitalism, ‘early’ modern

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9
Q

Finish the quote:
Comparisons and Connections define _______ units but also ______________ and the __________ of the spatial units across time

A

Comparisons and connections define spatial/temporal/categories + units but also acknowledge connections and the transformation of the spatial units across time

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10
Q

What is a reciprocal comparison

A

asking questions emerging from both or multiple temporal and spatial contexts

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11
Q

Historie croisse - what is it?

A

Werner and Zimmerman (2000) - comparison of connected spatial units and reflexivity - thinking about the ways in which spatial/temporal units are constructed

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12
Q

Incorporating comparisons - what is it?

A

Cornstock (2012) - comparisons of connected spatial/temporal units that change across TIME

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13
Q

Connected histories - what is it?

A

Subrahmanyan (1997) - historical processes emerging from multi-sided / trans-local practices - oppenheimer example - different localities working towards same goal - processes emerging from multi-sited/trans-local practics

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14
Q

Politics of comparison - what is it?

A

comparisons made by actors themselves….comparison as a field of conflict/negotiation among actors - different perceptions/interests/goals

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15
Q

Comparing processes - what is it?

A

asking the same questions to distinct temporal/spatial contexts - possibilities, ranges, emic (insider) and etic (outsider) categories

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16
Q

What is the ‘spatial turn?’

Give 2 main points.

A

a sensitivity for spatiality… space as a perspective, a social and historical construction

local is no longer local = is produced by connections

17
Q

Give 2 examples of a contact zone.

A

Regions - crossroads

Sites = ships / prisons / mental hospitals…etc

18
Q

Global lives… what sort of method is it?

A

following the traces of one individual across their lives….good combination with the politics of comparison

19
Q

What is prosopographies?

A

Following the traces of a group of people

20
Q

What is the subaltern perspective?

What role do archives have to play in this?

A

Following untraditional actors that may be immobile/underrepresented - eg slaves, coerced labour, representation from below.

Most archives silence subaltern lives. ask yourself - who isn’t represented here?

21
Q

What role do ‘commodity chains’ play? (Caracausi 2018)

A

Commodity chains as the network of objects/producers/materials/hubs

22
Q

What is the ‘archival turn’

A

archive as ‘source’ and archive as ‘subject’ - reading along and against the grain

23
Q

Name three challenges of working with archive’s

A
  1. gathering the data from across different places
  2. materiality and condition
  3. languages + connecting
24
Q

Finish the quote… narrating the global is the ______ of the operations of construction of the ____________ to analyse _____________ and enhance ______________

A

Narrating the global is the visibility of the operations of construction of the historical narrative to analyse historiographical texts and enhance self reflexivity

25
Q

What did White (1973) say about the metahistory/historical imagination of historians

A

Historians tell a ‘story’ about a supposed historical reality. thus, historians write only ‘fiction’

26
Q

What was the reaction to White (1973)’s paper?

A

Enhanced self-reflexivity and an understanding about positionality and subjectivity

27
Q

What was the ‘linguistic turn’?

A

80s/90s questioning of scientific assumptions of historiography.

regimes of truth - what kind of truth can historical writing claim?

EPISTOMOLOGICAL DISCUSSION ABOUT THE STRUCTURES OF TRUTH

28
Q

What is asymmetric ignorance? hint - Chakrabarty

A

‘They (European historians) produce their work in relative ignorance of non-western histories, and this does not seem to affect the quality of their work. this a gesture, however, that we cannot return….

29
Q

Macro-analytical (structuralist) comparison

A

pre-defined spatial/temporal units and categories

30
Q

Periodisations - name the 4 different shifts in configuration (/differentiation)

A

regions / among social actors / larger social configurations (e.g. feudalism, capitalism, colonialism / historical trajectories or genealogies

31
Q

What are the benefits of a reciprocal comparison?

A
  • Expands the research question
  • Prevents postulating ‘exceptionality’ of a historical process before checking exceptional empiricality
  • creates estrangement and therefore questions standard views
32
Q

‘connected singularities’ = ?

A

Each place is different but can only be explained in relation to surroundings and connection from other locations

33
Q

_________ of mobility (top down) and _________ of mobility (bottom up)

A

regimes / repertoires

Methods (1 decks)

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