Methodology COPY Flashcards
Validity
measure what it is intended to
Reliability
likelihood to get the same or similar scores across multiple instances of measurement of some variable.
Inter-rater reliability
describes the situation where the observations produce the same or similar codes and themes within the analysis of qualitative sources of data.
reliability coefficient
reliability associated with quantitative measures is expressed as a decimal,
Construct validity
an instrument measures an intended concept or construct.
content validity
instrument measures the intended subject matter of the content and takes into account all aspects of a situation.
criterion validity
degree that scores on an instrument correlate with scores on a similar instrument measuring the same or similar construct
Stability reliability
represents similar performance when data collection using the instrument occurs on different occasions (separated by an adequate amount of time).
Equivalent (or alternative) forms reliability
involves using forms of the test that contain different versions of the same items with the results on the two forms consistent over time.
Test–retest reliability
represents consistency in scores when respondents complete the test on multiple occasions over a period of time
Face validity
involves the examination of an instrument to determine if it measures what it says it is supposed to.
Convergent validity
focused upon using statistical measures (correlation) to show that your instrument is well aligned with another instrument that has already proven reliable.
anecdotal notes
observations but are usually shorter episodes where the teacher quickly jots a few notes about a student or situation.
observations
record exactly what is happening in a specific context within a specified timeframe.
Interviews
an opportunity to speak with participants directly
Journals
written records that convey data relative to specific attributes within a particular setting context
Surveys
represent tools for systematic data collection that do not provide any face-to-face contact with the participants
artifacts
school records, assessment data (standardized and teacher-created), and classroom artifacts.
attitude scales
offer the researcher the opportunity to collect information on participants’ feelings, attitudes, or evaluations in a measurable unit
Nominal data
information that can be classified into categories and that allows the researcher to provide frequency counts of the number of cases that fit into a particular category.
ordinal data
involve measurement on a continuum, whereby a rank (order) is indicated.
interval data
improve upon the ranks provided by ordinal scales, as within interval data we have the ability to “see” differences, as there are equal units of measure between data points.
ratio data
represent the most effective measurement, as this form of data has the properties of interval but also includes a point of origin (or zero score)
rating scales
advantageous due to the efficiency and ease of collection.
