methodologies

Question 1

Methodology

Answer 1

different ways to go about researching

Question 2

Epistemology

Answer 2

the study of how we come to know things & how we come to accept certain things as being true. “The study of knowing”

Question 3

experimental research

Answer 3

uses the scientific method to create and test a hypothesis based on observation—quantitative evidence
-gathering information & drawing a measurable conclusion

Question 4

descriptive research

Answer 4

statement of facts based on observation through polls, interviews, surveys, field research, etc.
-collection of data, making generalization

Question 5

Aesthetique inquiry

Answer 5

Usually associated with analysis and subjective research—assumption that music will reveal itself to you through analysis; usually refers to works of art & music

Question 6

harmonic analysis

Answer 6

gives an understanding of music based on its harmonic structure

• Jean-Philippe Rameau—(Traité de L’harmonie réduiteà ses principes naturels—17th Century treatise on chord function)
• Walter Piston — Harmony

Question 7

formal analysis

Answer 7

Heinrich Christoph Koch—Versuch einer Anleitung zur Composition (1782)—3 volumes
-linear analysis & structural recurrences

Question 8

Schekerian analysis

Answer 8

Heinrick Schenker—Der Tonwille: Pamhplets in Witness of the Immutable Laws of Music

• study tonal centers to document a move from tonic to dominant back to tonic
• use of graphs

Question 9

Pitch Class Set Theory

Answer 9

Allan Forte—The Structure of Atonal Music (1973)

-how and what of atonal music

Question 10

SHMRG (F)

Answer 10

Sound (timbre), Harmony, Melody, Rhythm, Growth (Form)

• Jan LaRue—Guidelines Style Analysis
• -looks at music as a whole, makes it possible to analyze all types of music

Question 11

Olivier Messiaen

Answer 11

Study of rhythm and birdsong—Traité de Rythme, de couleur, Et D’ornithologie (1949-1992) 7 volumes

Question 12

Philosophical Research

Answer 12

Research based on philosophical ideas

Question 13

Modernism

Answer 13

associated with musical trends in the late 19th and early 20th centuries where there was a desire to reject long-held concepts about what music is; involves serialism & new structure that should be followed

Question 14

Post-modernism

Answer 14

utilization of all available tools & breaking away from structuralism & formality (John Cage—champion of aleatoric music)

Question 15

Positivism (empiricism)

Answer 15

Idea that you can know what you need to know through the process of observation; testing based on empirical evidence that you can determine with your physical senses—harmonic analysis & scholarly research

Question 16

Hermeneutics

Answer 16

You arrive at the meaning of a piece of music through interpretation; music will reveal itself to you through study & analysis

Question 17

Deconstruction

Answer 17

understanding of musical patterns & pieces by studying their opposites—breaking down elements within the piece and comparing them

Question 18

Phenomology

Answer 18

understanding only comes through your own experience; an object or event is not something to interpret because you only know your experience of it.

Question 19

induction (inductive reasoning)

Answer 19

reasoning that derives general principles from specific observations (specific=>general)

Question 20

deduction (deductive reasoning)

Answer 20

process of reasoning from one or more general statements to reach a logically certain conclusion (general=>specific)