Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Car THEORY > meterology > Flashcards

meterology Flashcards

1
Q

4 regions of the atmosphere

A
  1. troposphere-most aviation weather takes place here
  2. stratoshpere
  3. mesosphere
  4. thermosphere
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

composition of air
nitrogen
oxygen
other

A

nitrogen-78
oxygen-21
other-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the ISA (International standard atmosphere)

A

measured using a measuring stick
completly dry and pressure temp and density all decrease with altitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

temp decrease rate in trophosphere

A

2/1000ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how does pressure change with height in low levels of atmosphere

A

as height gained pressure drops 1hpa/30ft up to 5000ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sea level standard pressure-

A

1013.2hpa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

atmoshperic pressure definition

A

as molecules bounce of any surface they exert a pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

atmospheric pressure in relation to height

A

decreases with height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

isobars

A

high pressure-spread out-pressure slowly changing and gradient flat or weak
low pressure-close together-pressure changing alot and gradient strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

air density in relation to surface

A

air density larger closer to earths surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how damp days effect light aircraft

A

poorer performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

proportions between wave length and temp

A

higher temp=shorter wave length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

conduction

A

process of heat transfer within or between bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

convection

A

a body of air carrying heat, radiator example

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

advection

A

when air moves in to replace warm air that has risen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what will happen if you dont cahnge pressure setting when flying into low pressure

A

you will be decending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what will happen if tou dont change your pressure setting when flying into high pressure

A

you will climb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

solar heating in tropical regions

A

when solar radiation strikes tropical regions directly all year around

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

solar heating in polar regions

A

strike at an oblique angle and receive little to no heating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ways of measuring atmospheric pressure

A

aneroid barometer -metal chamber is compressed by atmospheric pressure and used in airplane altimeter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how hpa pressure drops

A

30f-1hpa
300ft-10hpa
1000ft-33hpa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

drag

A

resistance force as plane moves through the air, greater density=greater resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

specific heat capacity

A

amount of energy needed to heat 1kg of an object by 1 degree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does cloud cover do

A

by day-blocks out sunlight and cool surface
by night-stops heat from escaping and keep it warm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
terrestrial radiation
heat energy reradiated into atmosphere
26
what is the DALR
3DEGREE/1000FT
27
WHAT IS SALR
1.5DEGREE/1000FT
28
If ELR is less than SALR OR DALR is it stable or unstable
Stable expect fog and stratus
29
ELR is greater than SALR OR DALR is it stable or unstable
unstable expect cumulus
30
ELR IS less than DALR but more than SALR
conditional instability
31
temp inversions
when air temp at ground level is less than at altitude
32
air circulation in tropics
warm air rises, cant continue vertically so moved out to sides
33
air circulation in polar
air sinks
34
how wind is described
direction-eg270degrees strength-knots velocity-direction and strength together
35
direction of corolis force in northern and southern hemisphere
right-northern left-southern
36
geostrophic wind
pressure gradient causes air to move and corilis turns to right . when these forces balance out to form a balanced flow.
37
gradient wind- anticlockwise-low
cyclonic
38
gradient wind-anticlockwise-high
anticyclonic
39
land breeze at night
land cools quicker than sea so air over land cools while air over sea is warm and rises. land could have fog but it goes away as sea breeze comes
40
katabatic winds
cool air over mt sides sink and slide down one side
41
anabatic winds
when warmer air in day rises above mt sides
42
windshear
variation of wind speed and diretion from place to place
43
columbous clouds draughts
severe down and up draughts up to 20nm
44
mt waves
strong winds perpendicular to mt are accompanied by temp inversion
45
lenticular clouds
tells pilots where turbulence is. Up and down currents exceed max climb and decent rates of aircraft
46
wind in tropics
pressure low so no high speed winds. stronger land or sea breezes corolis effect weak
47
turbulence risk of stall
can increase angle of attack without knowing and can cause wig to stall
48
g force
measure of stress o the aeroplane
49
high level cloud category
cloud base of 20,000ft coldest regions
50
Cloud types- Cirrus
detached clouds in form of segments , white patches
51
cloud type- cirrocumulus
small patches, form of ripples, no shading
52
Cloud types- cirrostratus
totally or partially cover sky, transparent
53
middle level cloud
base 6500ft below 20000ft
54
Cloud type- altocumulus
layer of patches of cloud
55
Cloud type- altostratus
grey/blueish cloud cover totally or partially cover sky, thi parts to reveal sun
56
low level cloud
base below 6500ft
57
Cloud type- Nimbostratus
dark grey cloud layer, cover whole sky, thick enough to hide sunlight
58
Cloud type- stratocumulus
white patches or sheet with dark patches - rain drizzle or snow
59
Cloud type- stratus
grey cloud could cause drizzle
60
Cloud type- Cumulus
separated cloud, base is dark as sunlight cat reach it
61
Humidity
amount of water vapour in air
62
Relative humidity if parcel supports 100% of air
saturated
63
Relative humidity if parcel supports less than 100% of air
unsaturated
64
Relative humidity equation
Rh=vapour pressure/saturation vapour pressure= %
65
cool air supports
less vapour
66
warm air supports
more vapour
67
dewpoint temp
temp at which a parcel of air become saturated if cooled (air temp can no longer support all water vapour)
68
parcel of air has a higher temp than its dewpoint and is therefore
unsaturated
69
cloud formation
when a parcel of airs temp falls below its dewpoint
70
ways cloud forms- 1-adibatic uplift
uplift of air causes it to expand and cool adiabatically below dew point. forced up in mt ranges
71
ways cloud form- 1-adibatic convection
heating of parcel of air near surface causes imbalances and air to rise
72
ways cloud form- 1-turbulance
eddies cause air to rise and cool
73
ways cloud form - advection-diabatic
warm air passes over a cool surface causing it to drop below dew
74
fohn wind effect
if air rising up a mt is warm enough to have a high dewpoint and is cooled before reaching top of mt, cloud will form on windward side
75
virgia
precipitation that falls but evaporates before reaching the ground
76
clouds formed by widespread ascent
mass of hot and cold air meet and the less dense warm air will move over the cool air and AS it gets higher will cool and condense to form clouds
77
SKC
Sky clear
78
FEW
FEW - 1-2 OKTAS
79
SCT
SCATTED- 3-4 OKTAS
80
BKN
BROKEN-5-7 OKTAS
81
OVC
OVERCAST- 8OKTAS, SKY COVERED COMPLETLEY
82
What is the Foehn effect?
AIR TEMP BEING WARMER ON THE LEEWARD SIDE OF HIGH GROUND
83
WHERE ARE ROTER CLOUDS LIKELY TO BE FOUND
ON THE LEEWARD SIDE OF HIGH GROUND WHERE TURBULANCE PRESENT
84
MET OFFICE FORM 214 ORDER OF COLLUMNS
1. ALTITUDE 2.WIND DIRECTION 3.WIND SPEED 4. AIR TEMP
85
how to work out what cloud base is
(Temperature - Dew point) x 400 = Approximate cloud base (ft
86
Which air mass mainly affects the UK during the summer months on a South Westerly breeze?
Tropical marmite
87
Which air mass is generally responsible for snow over the UK?
tropical marmite
88
is tropical continental weather stable or unstable
stable
89
M00 will indicate a temperature between -
-0.0 and -0.4
90
00 will indicate a temp between
0.0 and 0.4
91
min cloud thickness for rain to occur is
4000ft
92
volmet is
metar
93
qnh to qfe
subtract
94
what to expect in a col in summer
light winds, showers or ts
95
what to expect in a col in the winter
fog an light winds
96
dry bulb and wet bulb
dry-temp wet-dew point
97
how to work out cloud base using dry and wet bulb
temp-dew x400

Car THEORY (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions