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Cadet > Meterology > Flashcards

Meterology Flashcards

1
Q

Please list out the valid time, direction type and function of the following weather information:
ATIS
METER
TAF
SIGMET
SIGMIX

A

ATIS: automatic terminal information services (report, issue per 30/<30 mins, magnetic north)
METER: meteorology Aviation Report (Report, true north, valid for 2 hours, SPECI)
TAF: Terminal Aerodrome Forcast (forecast, true north, short: 9 hr/long: 24-30 hrs)
SIGMET: Significant Meteorology Advisory (report)
SIGMX: Significant Weather Chart

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2
Q

Please list descriptors in terms of weather code.

A

MI: Shallow
BC: Patches
TS: Thunderstorm
SH: Shower
BL: Blowing
FZ: Freezing
PR: Partial

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3
Q

Please list Intensity in terms of weather code.

A

-: Light
+: Heavy
VC: Vicinity (8km)

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4
Q

Please list precipitation in terms of weather code.
DZ, RA, SN, SG, GR

A

DZ: Dizzle
RA: Rain
SN: Snow
SG: Snow grain
GR: Hail (raindrop -> freeze)

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5
Q

Please list obscuration in terms of weather code.
BR, FG, FU, DU, SA, HZ

A

BR: Mist
FG: Fog
FU: Smoke
DU: Dust Storm
SA: Sand
HZ: Haze

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6
Q

Cloud type (okas)

A

SKC: Sky Clear
Few: 1-2 Okas
SCT, Scattered: 3-4 Oktas
BKN: 5-7 Oktas
OVC: 8 OKTAS

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7
Q

What is the difference between BR, FG, FU, DU, SA, HZ?

A

Mist: water particles suspended in the atmosphere, reducing visibility to fewer than 11 km, air temp and de point is < 1.7 degrees
Fog: water particles (droplets) at the Earth’s surface, reducing horizontal visibility to less than 1 km
Smoke: Small particles produced by combustion and suspended not the air
Dust: Fine particles, raised/ suspended in the air by the wind, restrict horizontal visibility
Sand: Sand particles raised by the wind, reducing horizontal visibility
Haze: suspension in the air of extremely small, dry particles that are invisible (air pollution), temp and dp is >1.7 degree

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8
Q

What is radiation fog?

A

a type of fog that forms when the ground loses heat rapidly after sunset
The air near the ground → cooler → leads to a drop in temp → result: water vapour condensing and forming a fog
Fog usually dissipates as the sun rises and the ground begins to heat up

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9
Q

What is ISA?

A

International Standard Atmosphere
Temp at sea level: 15 degree
Pressure at sea level: 1013.2 hPa, 760 mm Hg, 29.92 inHg

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10
Q

What does pressure 29.9 inHg mean?

A

= the height of a column of mercury with air pressure
At sea level, air pressure averages 29.92 inches of mercury. That means a glass tube, with its air pumped out and sealed at its upper end and placed in a dish of mercury at its lower (open) end, would have mercury pushed by air pressure up to a height of 29.92 inches in the tube.

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11
Q

What does an a/c’s Pressure Attitude mean?

A

When the aircraft is at ground level, it should have preference like it’s in (208ft) in ISA

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12
Q

What do QNH, QNE and QFE mean?

A

QNH: Regional Mean Sea Level Pressure
QNE: 1013.2 hPa
QFE: Atmosphere pressure at aerodrome elevation (used only when flying in the vicinity of an airfields ATZ and traffic pattern)

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13
Q

QNH 1030 hPa, Elevation = 1500 ft
What is the PA?

A

17 hPa x 30 ft = 510ft
PA = 1500 ft - 510
= 990 ft

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14
Q

QNH 1007 hPa, Elevation = 28 ft (VHHH)
What is the PA?

A

6 hPa x 30 ft = 180ft
PA = 180 ft + 28
= 208 ft

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15
Q

What is Attitude, height and elevation?

A

Attitude = From MSL to the A/C
Height = From Terrian to the A/C
Elevation = From MSL to the aerodrome

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16
Q

QNH 1002 hPa, Elevation = 2100 ft
What is the PA?

A

2430 ft

17
Q

QNH 1028 hPa, Elevation = 850 ft
What is the PA?

A

400 ft

18
Q

QNH 1030 hPa, Elevation = 210 ft
What is the PA?

A

-300 ft

19
Q

QNH 993 hPa, Elevation = 3150 ft
What is the PA?

A

3750 ft

20
Q

QNH 1025 hPa, Elevation = sea level
What is the PA?

A

-360 ft

21
Q

What and how do clouds form?

A

is formed when warm moist air rise by convection/ terrain and cools to a temp below the dew point

22
Q

What is the effect of rain?

A
  1. reduce visibility
  2. slippery RWY
  3. Engine frame out
23
Q

What is the effect of fog, mist, haze and smoke?

A
  1. reduce visibility
  2. beware of slant distance
  3. Higher CAT of ILS
24
Q

What is RVR

A

Runway Visual Range
- measure by transmission at 15 ft above the RWY threshold
- given when visibility is < 2000m
- RVR overrides when visibility & cloud ceiling when approach minima is considered

25
Q

Icing (threats & strategy)

A
26
Q

Thunderstorm

A
27
Q

How does CB form?

A
28
Q

Windshear

A
29
Q

Micro Brust

A
30
Q

Difference between Turbulence & Windshear

A
31
Q

Difference between Gust Wind and Cross Wind

A
32
Q

Please list out 4 type of Front.

A
  1. Cold Front
  2. Warm Front
  3. Stationary Front
  4. Occluded Front
33
Q

What is Coriolis Force?

A
34
Q

How does Coriolis Force affect aircraft?

A

Cadet (13 decks)

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