Meteorology

Question 1

Signs of approaching tropical storm

Answer 1

Changes in do you Diurnal variation
Changes in barometric pressure
Swell
Wind
Cloud
Radar

Question 2

Define the term Lapse Rate

Answer 2

Lapse rate is defined as the rate at which temperature falls with increasing altitude

Question 3

List three types of fog

Answer 3

Advection fog- Its formed when warm moist air flows over relatively cold sea

Sea smoke/ Artic smoke - Very cold polar air moving over warmer sea.

Radiation fog - forms over land (quiet nights with clear skies) land rapidly radiates its heat and becomes cool thus chilling the air to its dew point which a gentle breeze will turn into fog. May drift out seaward

Question 4

State the months when hurricanes would be expecting in the Caribbean

Answer 4

Official hurricane season in the Caribbean runs from the 1st of June to the 30th of November.
On rare occasions hurricanes can occur as early as May.

Question 5

State the hurricane season in the north Atlantic

Answer 5

Official hurricane season in the North Atlantic commences on 1st of June and continues until 30th November. The worst month is September.

Question 6

Which publications containing weather information or available to the seller at sea?

Answer 6

Admiralty, list of radio signals, volume 3
Admiralty sailing directions
Ocean passages of the world
Admiralty Mariners handbook

Question 7

List, sources for broadcast, weather, information, available to shopping in respect of meteorological information

Answer 7

Marine VHF move radio National Weather Service broadcast
Nevtex
Internet, mobile phones
Sat C safety net
Local Coast Guard
WRI – weather routing Inc

Question 8

Describe the weather off the SW coast of India during the summer monsoon season

Answer 8

Large amouts of precipitation
Convectional clouds (cumulonimbus)
Humid conditions
Thunderstorms
Strong winds

Question 9

State the characteristics of the following air masses
Polar Maritime
Tropical Continental

Answer 9

Polar Maritime - Cold Wet

Tropical continental - Warm Dry

Question 10

Draw TRS
Possible and usual track
General wind circulation
Dangerous semi circle
Dangerous semi circle wind
Dangerous quadrant
Navigable semi circle
Navigable semi circle wind
Evasion track from dangerous semi circle
Evasion track from navigable semi circle

Answer 10

Draw

Question 11

Describe area where hurricanes normally develop

Answer 11

Near the equator between 6/7 to 20/25 degrees north or south
Sea surface temperature above 27 degrees C

Question 12

Difference between synoptic chart and prognostic chart

Answer 12

Synoptic chart is showing actual weather conditions at a set time

Prognostic chart is forecasting the state of the atmosphere over a large area at a given level and time