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Nursing process and assessment > Metaparadigms and nursing theory > Flashcards

Metaparadigms and nursing theory Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the unifying force in a disciple that names the phenomena of cancer to that discipline?

A

Metaparadigms

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2
Q

What provides a foundation for holistic care for the patient?

A

The 4 metaparadigms

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3
Q

Name 3 things that the metapardigm concepts in nursing do?

A
  1. provide the boundaries and limitations of a discipline
  2. Identify the common viewpoint of members in the discipline
  3. helps to focus the activities of the members of that discipline
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4
Q

What does the medicine meta paradigm focus on?

A

pathophysiology and curing of the disease

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5
Q

What does the nursing metaparadigm focus on?

A

the person health, and environment

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6
Q

How are the medicine and nursing metaparadigms different?

A

Medical focuses soley on the disease (only physical)
Nursing focuses on the patient’s overall health including mental

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7
Q

What are the 4 nursing meataparadigms?

A

person
health
environment
nursing

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8
Q

In the nursing metapardigms, what does the person metapradigm include?

A

It focuses on the Patient as the recipient of care (spirituality, culture, family, friends, socioeconomic status)

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9
Q

In nursing, what does the environment metaparadigm include?

A

It focuses both on external and internal factors
(how the patient interacts with visitors and their surrounings)

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10
Q

In nursing, what does the health metapardigm stand for?

A

It refers the the overall quality and wellness of the patient.
(Does the patient have access to medical care?)

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11
Q

In nursing, what does the nursing meta paradigm refer to?

A

It refers to the nurse and how he or she will apply their knowledge and skills when caring for patients

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12
Q

What is a set of concepts and propositions that provide an orderly way of viewing a phenomena?

A

theory

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13
Q

What are the 2 requirements in a theory?

A

concepts
propositions

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14
Q

What is a term or label that describes a phenomena, an observable fact that can be perceived through the senses and explained?

A

Concept

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15
Q

What is a statement that proposes a relationahip between concepts?

A

proposition

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16
Q

What is the significance of the nursing theory?

A
  1. It provides a framework for thought (structure)
  2. It provides a guide for our thinking and actions in assisting patients improve
  3. It provides autonomy by defining the unique contribution of nursing in client care.
  4. It provides direction for planning and measuring patient outcomes
  5. It is necessary for the development and evolution of nursing
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17
Q

What are the 4 selected nursing theories?

A
  1. Orem
  2. Roy
  3. Watson
  4. King
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18
Q

What does Orem’s theory focus on?

A

self-care

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19
Q

What does Orem teach about self-care?

A

It is a learned behavior and a deliberate action in response to a need

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20
Q

What are the 3 categories of self-care requisites?
(Orem)

A

Universal self-care requisites
Developmental requisites
health- deviation self-care requisites

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21
Q

According to Orem’s theory, when is nursing care needed?

A

when people are unable to meet their own self-care needs

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22
Q

According to Orem’s theory, what determines the need for nursing care?

A

self-care deficits

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23
Q

According to Orem, what is the nurses job?

A

If a deficit exists, the nurse plans care that identifies what is to be done by whom: nurse, client, other

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24
Q

What ate the 3 types of Orem’s nursing systems?

A

Wholly compensatory
Partly compensatory
Supportive-educative

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25
Q

Which type of Orem’s nursing system is it when a nurse suppors and protects the client?

A

Wholly compensatory

26
Q

Which type of Orem’s nursing theory is it when both the nurse and patient perform care measures?

A

partly compensatory

27
Q

Which type of Oem’s nursing theory is it when the nurses actions are to help clients develop their own self-care abilities through knowledge, support, and encouragement?

A

Supportive-educative

28
Q

How does Orem define a person in the nursing paradigm?

A

a person under the care of a nurse with universal, developmental, and capable of self-care

29
Q

How does Orem define health in the nursing paradigm?

A

A state characterized by soundness or wholeness of developed human structures and of bodily and mental functioning

30
Q

How does Orem define environment?

A

the physical, chemical, biologic, and social contexts withing which human beings exist.

31
Q

How does Orem define nursing?

A

therapeutic self-care designed to supplement self-care requisites

32
Q

What does Roy’s nursing theory focus on?

A

Adaptation

33
Q

How did Roy define a person?

A

An adaptive system in constant interaction with a changing internal and external environment
has coping mechanisms

34
Q

How does the Roy adaption model define environment?

A

The world around and within
It includes all conditions, circumstances, and influences that surround and affect the development and behavior of the person

35
Q

What are the coping mechanism of a person called according to the Roy Adaptation model

A

regulator or cognator subsystem

36
Q

What functions through the autonomic nervous system to respond automatically through neural, chemical , and endorcrine coping processes?
(Roy adaptation model)

A

Regulator subsystem

37
Q

What enables the person to respond to stimuli through processing stimuli, learning, judgment, and emotion?
(Roy)

A

cognator subsystem

38
Q

The environmental stimuli in the environment can be classified as what 3 things?
(Roy)

A

focal, residual, or contextual

39
Q

Can either the regulator and cognator subsystems be observed directly?

A

No, only their responses are observable

40
Q

Roy categorized responses from the regularory and cognator subsystem into what 4 adaptive models?

A

physiologic
self-concept
role-cuntion
independence

41
Q

According to Roy, what is the goal of nursing?

A

to promote adaptation for individuals and groups

42
Q

What is the role of a nurse according to Roy?

A

to alter the environment when the person is not adapting well or has ineffective coping responses

43
Q

What does Watson’s theory of nursing focus on?

A

human caring
(caring is seperate from curing)

44
Q

According to Watson, what does health refer to?

A

the unity and harmony within the mind, body, and soul

45
Q

According to Watson, what is a nurses role?

A

To provide a holistic approach with patients, one which is structured around the mind, body, and soul.

46
Q

According to Watson, what type of care should the patients receive?

A

Individualized care focusing on mind, body, and soul
because every individual is unique and has their own unpredictable set of needs

47
Q

What is the essence of nursing and the most central and unifying focus of nursing?
(Watson)

A

caring about each individual and helping them maintain harmony among mind, body, and soul

48
Q

According to Watson, what are some important things to do for the patient to ensure harmony for them?

A

Try to create a home-like environment,
Manage noise, lighting, and scent to promote the healing process
Allow access to nature to provide a therapeutic environment

49
Q

What does Watson say a person is?

A

a unity of min-body-spirit

50
Q

How does Watson define health?

A

harmony, wholeness, and comfort

51
Q

How does Watson define environment?

A

a healing space

52
Q

How does Watson define nursing?

A

the interpersonal system interactions in the nurse-client relationship

53
Q

What does King’s theory of nursing focus on?

A

interacting systems framework & theory of goal attainment

54
Q

What are the 3 levels of dynamic systems according to King?

A
  1. Personal system (body image, perception, growth & development)
  2. Interpersonal system (role, communication)
  3. Social system (health care system
55
Q

How does King define outcomes in nursing?

A

Outcomes are defined in terms of goals obtained from the nurse- client perception of each other and their interactions

56
Q

Is mutual goal setting important in King’s nursing theory?

A

yes.
If nurses with special knowledge and skills communicate appropriate information to clients, mutual goal setting and goal attainment will occur.

57
Q

When can King’s theory be implemented in the nursing process?

A
  1. assessment (focus on perception of nurse & client; communication)
  2. planning (focus on identity goals with client)
  3. implementation (focus on transaction made)
  4. evaluation (focus on goals attained)
58
Q

How does King define a person?

A

a personal system that interacts with interpersonal & social systems

59
Q

What is health according to King’s theory of nursing?

A

continuous adjustment to stressosr in the internal & external environment through oprimum use of ones resources

60
Q

What is nursing according to King?

A

the interaction with a client towards a goal (goal attainment)

Nursing process and assessment (4 decks)

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