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Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids > Flashcards

Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids Flashcards

1
Q

Airplanes are made of __________.

A

Aluminum

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2
Q

Many coins are combinations of _____ with ______, ____, or ______.

A

Zinc
Copper
Nickel
Silver

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3
Q

______ wires carry electricity.

A

Copper

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4
Q

On the periodic table, most of the elements are ________.

A

Metals

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5
Q

Metals are found to the _____ of the zigzag line in the periodic table.

A

Left

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6
Q

The other elements on the periodic table are called ________ and _________.

A

Nonmetals

Metalloids

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7
Q

Chemists classify an element as a metal based on physical properties such as hardness, ______, malleability, and _____ ductility.

A

Shininess

Ductility

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8
Q

Polished _____ is a good example of shininess.

A

Silver

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9
Q

A _______ material is one that can be pounded into shapes.

A

Malleable

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10
Q

A _____ material is one that can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire.

A

Ductile

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11
Q

Because it is shiny and slow to react, _______ is ideal for car bumpers.

A

Chromium

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12
Q

Most metals are called good ______ because they transmit heat and electricity easily.

A

Conductors

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13
Q

Several metals are attracted to magnets and can be made into magnets. ______ (Fe), Cobalt (__), and ______ (Ni) are described as magnetic

A

Iron
Co
Nickel

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14
Q

Most metals are ______ at room temperature.

A

Solids

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15
Q

Most metals have the property of ____ melting points - up to 3400 C to ____ them.

A

High

Melt

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16
Q

Which metal is liquid at room temperature?

A

Mercury (Hg)

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17
Q

What is the reaction when water is dripped onto sodium metal?

A

The reaction is explosive

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18
Q

True or False: Metals show a wide range of chemical properties.

A

True

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19
Q

The ease and speed with which an element combines or reacts with other elements and compounds is called its ________.

A

Reactivity

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20
Q

______(Na) and Potassium(__) will react ______ if exposed to air or water.

A

Sodium
K
Explosively

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21
Q

To prevent explosive reactions of Sodium and Potassium if exposed to air, they must be stored under ____ in _____ containers.

A

Oil

Sealed

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22
Q

____(Au) and Chromium (__) are unreactive.

A

Gold

Cr

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23
Q

Why is gold valued?

A

Because it is rare and also because it stays shiny instead of reacting with air.

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24
Q

Why is chromium plated on objects left outdoors, such as automobile trim?

A

Because it is extremely slow to react with air and water.

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25
Q

What is the process of reaction and wearing called?

A

Corrosion

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26
Q

True or False: a mixture is two or more substances that are in the same place but are not chemically changed.

A

True

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27
Q

A mixture of metals is called _____

A

An alloy

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28
Q

Copper mixed with tin forms _____.

A

Bronze

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29
Q

_____ is an alloy of copper and zinc.

A

Brass

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30
Q

True or False: Iron rusts very easily.

A

True

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31
Q

When Iron is mixed with carbon, chromium, and vanadium, _____ ____ is formed.

A

stainless steel

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32
Q

The reactivity of metals tends to ____ as you move from left to right across the periodic table.

A

Decrease

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33
Q

Metals in Group 1 - from lithium to francium, are called ____ metals.

A

Alkali

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34
Q

Alkali metals are so reactive that they are _____ found uncombined in nature.

A

Never

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35
Q

Alkali metals are only found in _____.

A

Compounds

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36
Q

As pure elements, alkali metals are very soft and _____. They are so soft that you could cut with a _____ _____.

A

Shiny

Plastic knife

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37
Q

The two most important alkali metals are _____ and ____.

A

Sodium and Potassium

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38
Q

Sodium compounds are found in large amounts in ____ ____ and _____ beds.

A

Sea water

Salt

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39
Q

______ is used in ____ and some ______.

A

lithium
Batteries
Medicines

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40
Q

Alkali metals are so reactive due to their ____ electrons. When the ____ electron transfers to other atoms during chemical change, the part of the atom that remains is more _____.

A

valence
Valence
Stable

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41
Q

Group 2 of the periodic table contains the ______ earth metals.

A

Alkaline

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42
Q

Are alkaline metals every found combined in nature?

A

No

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43
Q

Alkaline metals are (hard or soft), (dark or white), and a (good or bad) conductor of electricity.

A

Hard
White
Good

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44
Q

The most common alkaline earth metals are _____ and ____.

A

Magnesium

Calcium

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45
Q

Magnesium and Aluminum combined to make a (heavy or light weight) alloy. This alloy is used to make _____ and _____ parts.

A

Lightweight
Ladders
Airplane

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46
Q

Calcium is essential part of your ____ and helps make ____ work properly.

A

Teeth

Muscles

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47
Q

Where you get calcium from for your diet?

A

Milk
Dairy products
Green leafy vegetables

48
Q

Each atom of an alkaline earth metal has ____ valence electrons.

A

2

49
Q

Each alkaline earth metal is almost as reactive as its neighbor to the _____ on the periodic table.

A

Left

50
Q

Like alkali metals, alkaline earth metals easily lose their ____ electrons in chemical reactions.

A

Valence

51
Q

The elements in Group 3-12 are called the ____ metals.

A

Transition

52
Q

_____ metals form a bridge between the very reactive metals on the _____ side of the periodic table and less _____ metals and other elements on the right side.

A

Transition
Left
Reactive

53
Q

Transition metals are so similar to one another that _____ between ____ columns are often difficult to detect.

A

Differences

Nearby

54
Q

The transition metals include most of the familiar metals such as ___, ____, ______, _____, and _____.

A 
Iron
Copper
Nickel
Silver
Gold
55
Q

Most of the transition metals are ____ and ____.

A

Hard

Shiny

56
Q

Groups 13-16 of the periodic table include _____, Nonmetals, and ______.

A

Metals

Metalloids

57
Q

Elements at the bottom of the periodic table are called _____ and _______.

A

Lanthanides

Actinides

58
Q

4 properties of most metals

A

Hardness
Shininess
Malleability
Ductility

59
Q

________ are elements that lack most of the properties of metals.

A

Nonmetals

60
Q

Nonmetals are located to the right of the ______ line on the periodic table.

A

Zigzag

61
Q

Many of the nonmetal elements are _____ at room temperature which means they have ___ boiling points.

A

Gases

Low

62
Q

The air you breathe is made mostly of 2 nonmetal elements:

A

Nitrogen

Oxygen

63
Q

Other metals, such as ____ and ____ are solids at room temperature.

A

Carbon

Iodine

64
Q

_____ is the only nonmetal that is liquid at room temperature.

A

Bromine

65
Q

The physical properties of Nonmetals are opposite to those that characterize the ______.

A

Metals

66
Q

Most Nonmetals are ____ unlike shiny metals

A

Dull

67
Q

Solid Nonmetals are brittle, meaning they are not ____ and not _____.

A

Malleable

Ductile

68
Q

Nonmetals usually have _____ densities than metals.

A

Lower

69
Q

Nonmetals are also poor conductors of ____ and _____.

A

Heat

Electricity

70
Q

Most Nonmetals readily form _____.

A

Compounds

71
Q

Do the Group 18 elements commonly form compounds?

A

No

72
Q

Atoms of the Group 18 elements do not ___, ___, or share electrons. For this reason, Group 18 elements usually do not react with other ______.

A

Gain
Lose
Elements

73
Q

When nonmetals and metals react, ___ electrons move from the metal atoms to the nonmetal atoms.

A

Valence

74
Q

An example of reaction of metal and nonmetal from group 17 is ____.

A

Salt

75
Q

An example of salt is common table salt (Na__)

A

Cl

76
Q

Rust is a compound made of iron and oxygen and is recognized as ____2___3)

A

Fe

O

77
Q

Many Nonmetals form molecules of two identical atoms, which are called _____ _______.

A

Diatomic Molecules

78
Q

Name 3 examples of Diatomic Molecules.

A

O2
N2
H2

79
Q

Group 14 on the periodic table are also know as the ____ family.

A

Carbon

80
Q

Each element in the carbon family has atoms with _____ valence electrons.

A

4

81
Q

Only one element in the carbon family is a nonmetal and that is ______.

A

Carbon

82
Q

What makes carbon especially important? And why?

A

Its role in the chemistry of life.

All living things contain compounds that are made of long chains of carbon atoms.

83
Q

Group 15 on the periodic table is also known as the _____ family.

A

Nitrogen

84
Q

The Nitrogen family contains ___ valence electrons in their atoms.

A

5

85
Q

Two Nonmetals in the Nitrogen family are:

A

Nitrogen

Phosphorus

86
Q

The atmosphere is approximately ____% nitrogen gas.

A

80

87
Q

When certain kinds of bacteria (microscopic organisms) combine nitrogen in the air with other elements, it is called_____ ____.

A

Nitrogen fixation

88
Q

_____ is unstable, is a nonmetal, and is used to create matches and flares.

A

Phosphorus

89
Q

Group 16 of the periodic table is called the ________ family.

A

Oxygen

90
Q

The oxygen family contains elements that have ___ valence electrons in their atoms.

A

6

91
Q

An atom in Group 16 usually gains or shares ____ electrons when it reacts.

A

2

92
Q

The three Nonmetals in the oxygen family are ______, ______, and______.

A

Oxygen
Sulfur
Selenium

93
Q

Oxygen you breathe is a _____ molecule and is recognized as ____.

A

Diatomic

O2

94
Q

Oxygen sometimes forms a triatomic molecule which is a ____ atom molecule. Example is ___ - the symbol for Ozone.

A

3

O3

95
Q

___ is the other common nonmetal in the oxygen family.

A

Sulfur

96
Q

Group 17 of the periodic table is also known as the ____ family.

A

Halogen.

97
Q

The halogen family contains _____, ______, _____, ____, and _____.

A 
Fluorine
Chlorine
Bromine
Iodine
Astatine
98
Q

All but one of the halogens are ______ and all share similar properties.

A

Nonmetals

99
Q

A halogen atom has ___ valence electrons and typically gains or shares one electron when it reacts.

A

7

100
Q

Are halogens dangerous to humans?

A

Yes

101
Q

Elements on the periodic table in Group 18 are known as the ______ gases.

A

Noble

102
Q

Do the noble gases form compounds with other elements?

A

No

103
Q

The lone element in the upper left corner of the periodic table and is the simplest element.

A

Hydrogen - H

104
Q

Although hydrogen makes up more than ____% of the atoms in the universe, it makes up only ___% of the mass of Earth’s crust, oceans, and atmosphere.

A

90

1.0

105
Q

On the border between the metals and Nonmetals are 7 elements called _________.

A

Metalloids

106
Q

________ have characteristics of metals and Nonmetals.

A

Metalloids

107
Q

The most common Metalloid is _____(Si).

A

Silicon

108
Q

Silicon combines with Oxygen to form a number of familiar substances, including _____, ____, and ____.

A

Sand
glass
Cement

109
Q

_____ (a Metalloid) is used in cleaning solutions.

A

Boron.

110
Q

_____ is a poisonous Metalloid.

A

Arsenic

111
Q

The most useful property of the Metalloids is their varying ability to _____ electricity.

A

Conduct

112
Q

Whether or not a Metalloid can conduct electricity can depend on _____, _____ to light, or the presence of small amounts of _____.

A

Temperature
Exposure
Impurities

113
Q

_____ are substances that under some conditions can carry electricity, like a metal, while under other conditions cannot carry electricity, like a nonmetal.

A

Semiconductors

114
Q

Semiconductors are used to make ____ chips, ___, and _____.

A

Computer
Transistors
Lasers

115
Q

Cars and buses are made of _______ which is mostly _______.

A

Steel

Iron

Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids (1 decks)

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