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DMS > Metals in mouth > Flashcards

Metals in mouth Flashcards

1
Q

What type of bonding gives crystalline structure

A

Metallic

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2
Q

Name 2 properties a metal should have for human use

A

corrosion resistant, biologically inert

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3
Q

Name 4 issues we must compensate for in lost wax technique

A
  • Shrinkage of wax
  • Shrinkage of metal cast
  • Setting expansion of investment metal
  • Thermal expansion of metal
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4
Q

Define phase

A

Structurally homegonous part of system with CLEAR PHYSICAL BOUNDARIES

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5
Q

What is the latent heat of fusion

A

When crystallisation of metals happen and there is heat and energy released

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6
Q

What do crystals grow from?

A

nuclei grow to form crystals

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7
Q

What do crystals make?

A

Grain

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8
Q

What is the smallest atom in a crystal?

A

Unit cell

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9
Q

What is the pattern of atomic arrangement in crystals?

A

Atomic arrangement is repeated at regular intervals in 3D

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10
Q

How are the various crystalline systems arranged

A

Axially

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11
Q

How many axes does each lattice system have

A

3

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12
Q

What are the 7 types of lattice systems?

A

Cubic, Tetragonal, Orthorhombic, Rhombohedral, Hexagonal, Monoclinic and tri clinic

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13
Q

What is packing factor?

A

Volume of atoms inside cube/Volume of cube

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14
Q

What has a higher packing factor: Simple cubic or Face Centred

A

Face centred packs more atoms: 0.74 and Simple= 0.52

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15
Q

How can we visulaise grains

A

Etch

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16
Q

What does faster cooling of metal lead to/

A

Finer grains

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17
Q

What does electron beam heating do?

A

Resolidifies metal and grain GROWTH

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18
Q

How to investigate properties of alloys?

A

Phase diagrams

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19
Q

How is the temperature in crystallisation of a pure metal after heating?

A

Temperature is constant in crystallisation

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20
Q

How is the temperature in crystallisation of an alloy?

A

Temperature varies as the metals crystallise at different temps

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21
Q

What happens when we reheat an alloy?

A

There is diffusion of grains as there is homogenisation of grains

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22
Q

Name 3 types of alloys?

A

Solid, Intermetallic,Eutectic

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23
Q

What are the 2 types of solid solutions?

A

Substitutional and Interstitial

24
Q

What happens to metals in a solid solution

A

They completely mix

25
Q

What happens to metals in intermetallic?

A

There are specific sites for each atom within the lattice

26
Q

What are properties of solid solution?

A

Enhance ductility

27
Q

What are properties of intermetallic?

A

Increased hardness and brittle

28
Q

Properties of eutectic?

A

Weak and corrodes

29
Q

Why are there 2 types of solid solutions?

A

As it depends on size of solute particles

30
Q

When do we get substitutional solids?

A

Solute particle DIRECTLY substitutes solvent particle.

  • Atoms have similar valency
  • Atom size within 15% of each other
  • Atoms have similar crystal structure
31
Q

Gimme example of substitutional solid?

A

Gold and copper

32
Q

When do we get intestitial solid solutions

A

When solute atoms take small space between solvent atoms

-Solute atoms must be 60% smaller than solvent atoms

33
Q

Gimme example of Interstitial solid

A

Steel+Carbon

34
Q

How do we get intermetallic compound

A

2 metals react to form a new component at a stoichiometric ratio

35
Q

Give example of intermetallic compound

A

Amalgam

36
Q

What state of matter do intermetallic compounds form in

A

Can happen in solids as we get diffusion in metals

37
Q

What happens in Diffusion of metals

A

Exchange of position of atoms in lattice

38
Q

Why do eutectic alloys form?

A

As some metals are completely insoluble in metal phase.

39
Q

How is eutectic alloy similar to a pure metal?

A

Crystallises at a specific temperature as opposed to over a range of temperatures

40
Q

What can rapid cooling of alloys give?

A

Separation of metals

41
Q

What does homogenous annealing do?

A

Uniform microstructure

42
Q

What type of structure is formed when metals resolidify?

A

Dendritic

43
Q

How do we get deformation of grains?

A
  1. Distort lattice

2. Slip

44
Q

Define slip

A

Movement of vacacines, imperfections to the edge of structure

45
Q

What happens when we deform metal?

A

Increased yield strength
increased hardness
-Th crystals will WARP

46
Q

Name 3 types of imperfections in a ALLOY lattice?

A
  • Substitutional atom
  • Interstitial atom
  • Vacancy
47
Q

What happens when we beat out imperfections in slip?

A

The imperfections move through metal one plane at a time. The force applied does not cause fracture/failure of lattice

48
Q

What happens to the lattice structure when we make a wrought alloy?

A

It gets DEFORMED

-We exceed elastic limit of metal

49
Q

What is residual stress? (Strain hardening)

A

Occurs in the grains when we have distorted the lattice and caused grain deformation

50
Q

What type of lattice in a wrought allow

A

Deformed

51
Q

What happens when we heat wrought structure? (Annealing)

A

Grain Growth
Grain relaxation
Diffusion of atoms

52
Q

How much stress is there in an extensively wrought structure?

A

More residual stress as more deformation to the lattice

53
Q

Temperature or recrystallization in an extensively wrought structure?

A

Lower

54
Q

Japanese Katana sword.
Fast cool of steel gives?
Slow cool of steel gives?

A

Fast=Martinsite

Slow= Pearlite

55
Q

What steel in sword is softer and tougher

A

Pearlite

56
Q

What material controls the cooling rate of the steel in the sword?

A

Clay

DMS (6 decks)

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