Metals And Special Metals

Question 1

Graphene

Answer 1

• form of carbon, has a single layer of graphite

- atoms are arranged in hexagonal structure, just atom thick

Question 2

Properties of graphene

Answer 2

• very strong
• good thermal and electrical conductor
• nearly transparent

Question 3

Carbon can also form molecules known as

Answer 3

FULLERENES, contains a different numbers of carbon atoms

Question 4

Fullerene molecules have _______ shapes including _____

Answer 4

• hollow shapes

- including tubes, balls and cages

Question 5

The first fullerene to be discovered was buckminsterfullerene, what does it consist of ?

Answer 5

• 60 carbon atoms
• atoms are joined together in a series of hexagons and pentagons
• most symmetrical —> most stable fullerene

Question 6

How can fullerenes be used for

Answer 6

• deliver drugs in body
• in lubricants
• as catalysts
• reinforcing materials e.g. frames of tennis rackets

Question 7

Atoms within polymers (this is man made) are held together by

Answer 7

Strong covalent bonds

• intermolecular forces between them are strong
• so it is a solid at room temperature

Question 8

When is polythene produced

Answer 8

Poly (ethene)

• polythene is produced when there are lots of Ethene molecules joined together in an addition polymerisation reaction
• chap and strong, used to make plastic bottles and bags

Question 9

Metallic bonding occurs I

Answer 9

• metallic elements such as iron and copper

- alloys, such as stainless steel

Question 10

Metals have a giant structure in which electrons in the outer shell are ______ and what does it produce

Answer 10

Delocalised (not bound to one atom)
-this produces a regular arrangement (lattice) of positive ions held together by electrostatic attraction to the delocalised electrons

Question 11

What is a metallic bond

Answer 11

Attraction between positive ions and delocalised negatively charged electrons

Question 12

Copper is used to make water pipes because:

Answer 12

• unreactive metal, doesn’t react with water

- can be easily shaped

Question 13

Uses and proper uses of aluminium

Answer 13

• high voltage power, cables, furniture, foil

- ductile, malleable, good conductivity, low density, CORROSION RESISTANT

Question 14

Uses and proper uses of copper

Answer 14

• electrical wiring, sauce pans, water pipes

- ductile, malleable, good conductivity

Question 15

Uses and proper uses of gold

Answer 15

• jewellery

- ductile, shiny, good conductivity

Question 16

What are alloys

Answer 16

• mixtures that contains a metal and at least a another element
• in alloys, the added element disturbs the regular arrangement of metal atoms so layers do not slide over each other easily, so they are stronger and harder than pure metals