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Chem Class 8 > Metals and Non-Metal > Flashcards

Metals and Non-Metal Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Metals from an electronic viewpoint

A

Metals are elements which form positive ions by losing electrons.

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2
Q

Define Non-Metals from an electronic viewpoint

A

Non-Metals are element which form negative ions by gaining electrons

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3
Q

What are metalloids?

A

Elements that have properties of metals and non-metals

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4
Q

How many valence electrons do metals have?

A

1,2 or 3

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5
Q

How many valence electrons do non-metals have?

A

5,6 or 7

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6
Q

How many valence electrons do metalloids have?

A

4

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7
Q

What are ores?

A

Rocks that have a profitable amount of metal in them are called ores.

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8
Q

What are the impurities in ores called?

A

gangue

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9
Q

Chemical formula of Rock Salt

A

NaCl

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10
Q

Chemical formula of dolomite

A

CaCO3 . MgCO3

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11
Q

Bauxite chemical formula

A

Al2O3

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12
Q

Iron pyrites chemical Formula

A

FeS2

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13
Q

Haematite chemical formula

A

Fe2O3

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14
Q

Copper Glance chemical formula

A

CuS

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15
Q

Zinc Blende chemical formula

A

ZnS

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16
Q

Series of processes to extract metals from their ores is called _______.

A

Metallurgy

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17
Q

What is the chief element that makes up the sun and other stars?

A

Hydrogen

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18
Q

____% of water by weight is Hydrogen

A

11

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19
Q

How does nitrogen occur in the combined state?

A

Chile Saltpetre (NaNO3) and nitre(KNO3)

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20
Q

Oxygen constitutes ___% of mass of water

A

89

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21
Q

Coal contains ____% of Carbon

A

60-90

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22
Q

How does carbon occur in the free state?

A

carbon occurs as graphite, diamond and coal in the free state.

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23
Q

______ is the most abundant element in the earth’s crust

A

Oxygen

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24
Q

_____ is the second most abundant element in the earth’s crust

A

Silicon

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25
Q

How does silicon occur in the free state?

A

As Silica (SiO2) and Silicates.

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26
Q

What is the most common form of silica?

A

Sand.

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27
Q

Metals are generally solid at room temperature. One exception is _____.

A

Mercury

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28
Q

Metals are generally hard and strong. Exceptions are ______

A

Sodium and Potassium

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29
Q

Non-metals do not have metallic luster, exceptions are _____

A

graphite and iodine.

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30
Q

Non-metals are generally not so hard and strong. Exception is ____.

A

Diamond.

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31
Q

Non-metals are generally bad conductors of electricity. Exceptions are _____.

A

Graphite.

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32
Q

Metals generally have high melting or boiling points. Exceptions are _____.

A

Potassium and Sodium.

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33
Q

Most metals have ____ specific gravities.

A

High.

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34
Q

Specific gravity of iron

A

7.8

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35
Q

Specific gravity of copper.

A

8.7

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36
Q

Specific gravity of lead.

A

11.3

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37
Q

Specific gravity of mercury

A

13.6

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38
Q

Specific gravity of gold

A

19.3

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39
Q

Which metals have specific gravities less than 1?

A

Sodium and Potassium.

40
Q

Oxygen reacts with metals and non-metals to produce ____.

A

oxides.

41
Q

most metals react with oxygen to give ______ oxides.

A

basic

42
Q

What is formed when Sulphur dioxide is dissolved in water?

A

Sulphurous acid.

43
Q

non-metals react with oxygen to give _____ oxides

A

acidic

44
Q

Metals react with water to form _____.

A

oxides, hydroxides and hydrogen.

45
Q

Metals react with acids to form ______ and liberate _____.

A

the corresponding salt; hydrogen.

46
Q

Use of pig iron

A

to make pipes, sinks, storage tanks, railings, cylinders, etc.

47
Q

What is wrought iron?

A

A tough, malleable form a iron with less carbon

48
Q

Steel contains ___% of carbon

A

0.5-1.5

49
Q

Uses of wrought iron

A

nails, bolts, chains, wire nets, agricultural tools, etc.

50
Q

Uses of steel

A

construction of buildings, ships, bridges, railway lines, etc.

51
Q

Uses of stainless steel

A

to make utensils, knives, etc.

52
Q

uses of copper

A

making electrical wires and cables, electrical appliances, heating utensils, car radiators and calorimeters, forming useful alloys.

53
Q

Uses of aluminium

A

making cooking utensils, car radiators, packing food aluminium powder is used as paint to prevent rusting of iron.

54
Q

Uses of zinc

A

dry cells, galvanizing, preparation of useful alloys like brass, bronze, German silver.

55
Q

Uses of zinc

A

Making electrodes for automobile batteries, making alloys such as solder and type metals

56
Q

Uses of tin.

A

Making food containers, making alloys such as solder and bronze.

57
Q

Chromium uses

A

electroplating iron.

58
Q

Nickel uses

A

making alloys, electroplating

59
Q

Titanium uses

A

Making aircraft bodies

60
Q

Mercury uses

A

Thermometers and barometers

61
Q

Silicon uses

A

Electronic and computer industries, Manufacturing silicones

62
Q

Sulfur uses

A

Making sulfuric acid, vulcanization of rubber, skin ointments, insecticide/fungicide of spraying on fruit trees

63
Q

Uses of phosphorus

A

Making matchboxes and firework industry, phosphate fertilizers

64
Q

Uses of graphite

A

“lead” of pencils, electrodes in dry cells and electronic arcs, as a lubricant

65
Q

Diamond uses

A

jewellery, cutting tools

66
Q

Charcoal uses

A

in filters to purify air and water.

67
Q

Coal use

A

Fuel

68
Q

Hydrogen uses

A

Making ammonia, extraction of metals, oxy-hydrogen flame

69
Q

______ is considered to be a non-polluting fuel of the future.

A

Hydrogen

70
Q

Ammonia uses

A

Making fertilizers such as urea and ammonium sulphate.

71
Q

What are noble metals?

A

Unreactive metals.

72
Q

Name the methods of prevention of rusting

A

Painting or applying a layer of oil, galvanizing, electroplating, anodizing of aluminium, alloying

73
Q

constituents of brass`

A

copper, zinc

74
Q

brass properties

A

hard, corrosion resistant

75
Q

brass uses

A

utensils, electrical goods, cartridge containers, parts of watches and musical instruments

76
Q

bronze constituents

A

copper, tin

77
Q

bronze properties

A

hard, corrosion resistant

78
Q

bronze uses

A

statues, bearings

79
Q

solder constituents

A

lead, tin

80
Q

solder properties

A

low melting point

81
Q

solder uses

A

joining metals

82
Q

steel constituents

A

iron, carbon

83
Q

steel properties

A

very strong

84
Q

steel uses

A

bodies of ships and other vehicles, bridges, railway lines, construction of buildings

85
Q

stainless steel constituents

A

iron, chromium, nickel

86
Q

stainless steel properties

A

very strong, does not rust

87
Q

stainless steel uses

A

utensils, cutlery, surgical instruments

88
Q

duralumin other name

A

duralium

89
Q

duralumin constituents

A

aluminium, copper, magnesium, manganese

90
Q

duralumin properties

A

light and strong

91
Q

duralumin uses

A

bodies of airplanes and vehicles

92
Q

magnalium constituents

A

aluminium, magnesium

93
Q

magnalium propeties

A

light and strong

94
Q

magnalium uses

A

balances and other light instruments, bodies of airplanes and vehicles

95
Q

German silver constituents

A

copper, zinc, nickel

96
Q

German silver properties

A

high electrical resistance

97
Q

German silver uses

A

utensils, electric heaters, resistors.

Chem Class 8 (3 decks)

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