Metals Flashcards
Ferrous Metals
Properties:
Iron based. Magnetic. Rusts.
Examples:
Mild steel. Medium/High carbon steel. Cast iron. Processes: Anneal. Harden. Temper.
Name the properties and uses of these FERROUS metals:
Mild steel.
Medium carbon steel.
High carbon steel.
Cast iron.
Mild steel
Uses:
Car bodies, white goods, nuts.
Properties:
0.25% carbon.
Easy to weld.
Can be recycled.
Prone to rusting.
Ductile.
Tough and Soft.
Medium carbon steel
Uses:
Springs, car suspension.
Properties:
Quite ductile.
Tough.
Can be tempered.
0.5% carbon.
High carbon steel
Uses:
Carpentry tools.
Properties:
Not very ductile.
1.5% carbon.
Can be tempered.
Cast iron
Uses:
Vices.
Clamps.
Engines.
Properties:
3.5% carbon.
Not ductile.
Brittle and hard.
What is the melting point of FERROUS metals?
1,500 degrees C.
Why is carbon added to a FERROUS metal?
To make the metal hard.
The cost of this is that it makes the metal brittle.
Give some examples of NON FERROUS metals and state their uses.
Aluminium:
Aircrafts, expensive carbodies, casting (with silicon added)
Copper:
Plumbing.
Gold, Silve and Platinum:
Jewellery.
Zinc:
Plating for ferrous metals.
What are the properties of NON FERROUS metals in general?
They contain no iron.
Non magnetic.
Does not rust.
They are all oxydised.
State the properties of these NON FERROUS metals:
Aluminium.
Copper.
Zinc.
Aluminium:
Made from Bauxite (Hard to extract)
100% recyclable.
Melting point of 600 degrees C.
Easy to work.
Malleable and ductile.
Light.
Conductive of heat and electricity.
Copper:
Easy to bend.
Simple to use and fabricate.
Non-corrosive and non-toxic.
Malleable and ductile.
Conductive of heat and electricity.
Zinc:
Non-corrosive.
Melting point of 850 degrees C.
How are NON FERROUS metals worked?
Work hardened.
Anneal.
What is an alloy?
A mixture of 2 or more metals.
Give examples of alloys.
Dualumin (Non Ferrous alloy) - 4% Copper, 95% Aluminium.
Bronze (Non Ferrous alloy) - Copper and Zinc.
Stainless steel (Ferrous alloy) - 80% Steel, 20% Chrome and Nickel.
High speed steel (Ferrous alloy) - Steel and tungsten, chromium and varidium.
Why are alloys used?
What are the uses and properties of:
Dualumin.
Bronze.
Stainless steel.
High speed steel.
Dualumin:
Structural components of aircrafts
- Very high strength.
- Very light.
Bronze:
Sculptures, coins and bearings.
- Easy to work.
- Easy to cast.
- Self lubricating.
Stainless steel:
Sinks, cutlery and prison toilets.
- Tough.
- Slightly magnetic.
- Wear resistant.
- Corrosion resistant
- Easily press formed.
- Indestructable.
Hight speed steel:
Cutting tools.
- Very hard.
- Can be sharpened.
- Will cut when hot.
Methods of production.
Non ferrous and non ferrous alloys can be extruded.
All can be press formed.
- Press formed > Cupping > Deep drawn > Embossing.
- Forging, drop forging, fabrication, sintering.
- Spinning.
- Casting (Ferrous metals).
- Die (Usually non ferrous metals).
Give examples of metal fittings.
- Nuts and bolts.
- Self tapping screws.
- Hard and soft soldering.
- Pop rivets.
- Oxyacetylene welding.
- Electric welding.
- Spot welding.
- Glue.
What is meant by; temporary and permanent fittings?
Temporary: Only lasts a certain amount of time.
Permanent: Cannot be removed.
