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English Language > Metalanguage (vocab) > Flashcards

Metalanguage (vocab) Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Discuss

A

evaluate (balanced argument)

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2
Q

Persuade

A

your opinion, stronger on one side of argument including counter argument.

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3
Q

Passive

A

Discursive - not personal, objective.

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4
Q

Active

A

Persuading - Opinion, close, personal.

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5
Q

Declarative

A

Statement.

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6
Q

Interogative

A

Question.

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7
Q

Lexis

A

Word.

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8
Q

Semantics

A

Meaning.

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9
Q

Metalanguage

A

Using associated terminology and coherent written expression.

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10
Q

Dialect

A

Variation in words and structures associated with a particular geographical region.

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11
Q

Accent

A

Variation in pronounciation associated with a particular geographical region.

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12
Q

Sociolect

A

Variation in language use is associated with membership of a particular social group.

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13
Q

Idiolect

A

Variation in language use associated with an individual’s personalised ‘speech style.’

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14
Q

Discourse Event

A
  • an act of communication occurring in a specific time and location involving writers/speakers and readers/listeners.
  • Enables you to explore how texts are produced and received in specific times and places by real people with beliefs and intentions using language to express and understand their ideas and meanings.
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15
Q

utterance

A

a segment of speech

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16
Q

text producers

A

person or people responsible for creating a text. (through writing or speaking)

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17
Q

text receiver

A

the person or people interpreting (through reading or listening) to a text.

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18
Q

multi purpose text

A

a text which clearly has more than one purpose.

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19
Q

primary purpose

A

the main and most easily recognisable purpose.

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20
Q

secondary purpose

A

an additional and perhaps more subtle purpose.

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21
Q

implied reader

A

a constructed image of an idealised reader.

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22
Q

actual reader

A

any person or groups of people who engage with and interpret a text.

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23
Q

implied writer

A

a constructed image of an idealised writer.

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24
Q

actual writer

A

the ‘real’ person or people responsible for text production.

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25
Q

discourse community

A

a group of people with shared interests and belief systems who are likely to respond to texts in similar ways.

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26
Q

mode

A

the physical channel of communication either speech or writing

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27
Q

oppositional view

A

a way of defining the difference between modes by arguing that they have completely different features.

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28
Q

continuum

A

a sequence in which elementsthata re next to each other are not noticeably different but elements at the opposite ends are very different from each other.

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29
Q

blended mode

A

a text which contains conventional elements of both speech and writing.

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30
Q

prototype model

A

a model of looking at differences within a category or mode by thinking about typical and less typical examples.

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31
Q

genre

A

a way of grouping texts based on expected shared conventions

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32
Q

intertextuality

A

a process by which texts borrow from or refer to conventions of other texts for a specific purpose and effect

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33
Q

variation

A

the differences associated with particular instances of language use and between groups of language users.

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34
Q

register

A

a variety of language that is associated with a particular situation of use

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35
Q

situation of use

A

a specific place, time, and context in which communication takes place.

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36
Q

situational characteristics

A

a key characteristic of the time, place and contexts in which communication takes place.

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37
Q

dialect

A

variation in words and structures associated with a particular geographical region

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38
Q

accent

A

variation in pronunciation associated with a particular geographical region

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39
Q

sociolect

A

variation in language use associated with membership of a particular social group

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40
Q

idiolect

A

variation in language use associated with an individuals personalised ‘speech style’

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41
Q

representation

A

the portrayal of events, people and circumstances through language and other meaning - making resources (images and sound) to create a way of seeing the world.

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42
Q

word class

A

a group of words that fulfil the same kind of role and function in speech and writing.

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43
Q

noun

A

a word that names a thing or concept

44
Q

verb

A

a word that shows a state of being, action or concept.

45
Q

adjective

A

a word that modifies a noun

46
Q

adverb

A

a word that modifies a verb, adjective or another adverb.

47
Q

open (or lexical) word class

A

a word class that is generally open to new membership

48
Q

closed (or grammatical) word class

A

a word class which doesn’t readily admit new members; a word class that is generally open to new membership.

49
Q

pronoun

A

a word which substitutes for a noun

50
Q

determiner

A

a word that adds detail or clarity to a noun

51
Q

preposition

A

a word that shows connections between other words often showing a sense of place or time

52
Q

conjunction

A

a word that connects larger structures such as phrases, clauses and sentences.

53
Q

semantic field

A

a h=group of words with the same kind of role and function in speech nd writing.

54
Q

collocates

A

words that typically appear together

55
Q

fixed expression

A

a well-used group of words that becomes accepted and used as one long structure

56
Q

synonym

A

a word that has an equivalent meaning to another word

57
Q

euphemism

A

a more socially acceptable word or phrase.

58
Q

dysphemism

A

using a blunt or direct word instead of more polite indirect alternative, close to taboo

59
Q

antonyms

A

words that have opposite meanings

60
Q

hyponymy

A

the way of viewing the relationship between more general and specific words.

61
Q

morphology

A

the study of word formation

62
Q

syntax

A

the study of how words form larger structures such as phrases, clauses and sentences

63
Q

descriptive

A

taking an approach to language study that focusses on how language is actually used

64
Q

prescriptive

A

taking an approach to language study that focusses on rules and notions of correctness.

65
Q

root

A

a morpheme that can stand on its own and usually form a word in its own right

66
Q

suffix

A

a morpheme that comes after a root word to modify its meaning

67
Q

prefix

A

a morpheme that goes before a root word to modify its meaning

68
Q

affix

A

the overall term for an addition to a root (a prefix or suffix) to modify its meaning or create a new word (abso-blooming-lutely)

69
Q

inflectional function

A

the way that an affix shows a grammatical category such as a verb tense or a plural noun.

70
Q

derivational function

A

the way that an affix helps form a new word by attaching itself to a root.

71
Q

noun phrase

A

a group of words built around a noun

72
Q

verb phrase

A

a group of words built around a head- main verb

73
Q

head word

A

the main noun in the phrase

74
Q

pre-modifier

A

a word that goes before the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it

75
Q

qualifier

A

an additional word or phrase that adds some further detail to the noun

76
Q

post-modifier

A

a word that comes after the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it.

77
Q

primary auxiliary verb

A

an auxiliary verb that joins with a main verb to show tense

78
Q

modal auxiliary verb

A

an auxiliary verb that joins the main verb to show the degree of commitment towards an event or person that a speaker holds.

79
Q

clause

A

groups of words centered around a verb phrase

80
Q

coordination

A

the joining of two clauses that gives the equal weighting

81
Q

subordination

A

the joining of two clauses that gives one clauses (main) more weighting than another clause - or clauses(subordinate clauses)

82
Q

adverbial clause

A

a subordinate clause that functions as an adverbial

83
Q

noun clause

A

a subordinate clause that functions as a subject, object or complement.

84
Q

active voice

A

agent in subject position for prominence; verb phrase in present or past tense.

85
Q

passive voice

A

agents omitted or placed later in the clause using a prepositional phrase; verb phrase changes to a form of to be + participle form.

86
Q

orthographic sentence

A

a sentence marked by a capital letter and fulls top but containing no verb

87
Q

phonology

A

the area of study that refers to the more abstract sounds system.

88
Q

phonetics

A

the area of study that is concerned with investigating how sounds are actually produced by language users

89
Q

prosodics

A

the study of how speakers can shape meanings through emphasising certain aspects of intonation, speed and volume.

90
Q

international phonetic alphabet

A

a system for showing the different sounds possible

91
Q

heterophones

A

words that have the same spelling but very different pronunciations and meanings

92
Q

homophones

A

words that are pronounced the same but have a different meaning and may have different spelling e.g their and there.

93
Q

articulators

A

the vocal organs above the larynx including the lips, teeth tongue and hard palate that help form consonant sounds

94
Q

dipthong

A

a vowel sound that is the combination of two separate sounds, where a speaker moves from one to another

95
Q

sound iconicity

A

the matching of sounds= to an aspect of meaning

96
Q

consonance

A

a pattern of repeated consonant sounds for effect

97
Q

assonance

A

a pattern of repeated vowel sounds for effect

98
Q

sibilance

A

a pattern of repeated fricative sounds especially /s/ for effect

99
Q

lexical onomatopoeia

A

words that have some associated meaning between their sound and what they represent

100
Q

non-lexical onomatopoeia

A

‘non-words’ that nonetheless are intended to signify some meanings through their sound

101
Q

phonological manipulation

A

making creative changes in sound patterns to give certain effects

102
Q

minimal pair

A

two words that differ in only one single sound.

103
Q

layout

A

the physical organisation of a text

104
Q

iconic sign

A

a sign or image that is a direct picture of the thing it represents

105
Q

symbolic sign

A

a sign or image where an associated meaning is drawn from some shared degree of knowledge.

106
Q

typographical feature

A

a feature related to the use of fonts in texts

107
Q

multimodal text

A

a text which relies on the interplay of different codes - visual and written - to shape meaning.

English Language (2 decks)

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